Mucosal and transdermal vaccination

1. Presented by-Mr . Swapnil Kale
Pharmaceutics
(M . Pharmacy sem-1st )
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences R.T.M.N.U.,Nagpur-440033
17/4/2019

2. Contents
 Principle of working
 Types of mucosa
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Criticism
 Nono system
 Nasal/mucosal
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3.  A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves
immunity to a particular disease.
 A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a
disease-causing microorganism and is often made from
weakened or killed forms of the microbe.
 The agent stimulates the body's immune system to
recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and keep a
record of it.
 So that the immune system can more easily recognize
and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later
encounters.
 The terms vaccine and vaccination are derived from
Variolae vaccine (smallpox of the cow), the term
devised by Edward Jenner to denote cowpox.
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4. Reasons for going to mucosal delivery
for vaccines
 Mucosal surface is most common
media of infection
 Parenteral vaccines are not interact
with mucosal barrier(protective
immunity)
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5.  Mucosal route allows to interact antigen with
defensive mucosal layers,
 so induced mucosal immunity then kills
pathogen before reaching the systemic
circulation(next time)
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6.  Sublingual
 Intranasal
 Oral
 Vaginal
 Rectal
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7.  Induce Primary stage immunity
 Possible mass vaccination
 Systemic-mucosal response
 Needle-free
 Non-invasive
 Don't require extensive purification
 Easier production
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8.  Insufficient uptake(adjuvants use is the
remedy)
 Lack of human mucosal adjuvants
 Rapid clearance
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9.  Challenges
 Enzymes
 Barriers
 IgG release
 Stimulation
 Nanotechnology
/Remedy
 Protection
 Penetration
targeting/enhancers
 Sustained release
 Adjuvants
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10. Polymers
Synthetic-
Polyethylenimine , Acrylic acid derivatives.
Natural-
chitosan , hyaluronic acid , alginate, dextrin
Starch
Nano vaccines
 Needle free
 Single dose
 Thermo stable
 Adjuvant effect
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11.  Advantages
 Easy administration
 Highly vascularised mucosa
 Large surface area
 No enzymatic activity
 No first pass effect
 Disadvantages
 Potential irritation
 Irreversible allergy
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12. Contents
 Skin barriers
 Approaches
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13. Skin as a site for vaccine delivery
 Physical
 Enzymatic
 Immunological-epithelial defence by
keratinocytes
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14. Langerhans cells
(stimulate)
T cells stimulation
(produces)
Systemic IgG + IgM + IgA release
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15.  Liquid jet injection-(100-200 m/s speed)
eg . needle free devices
 Epidermal powder immunisation
first used in 1988
Fine power + helium gas impact
 Topical application needs adjuvant-
colloidal carrier (Nano carriers ,
liposomes)
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16.  Energy based approaches
electroporation ,
ultrasound and
sonophoresis
 Thermal ablation or microporation
 micro needles
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17.  Cordeiro, AS, Alonso, MJ (2015). Recent
advances in vaccine delivery. Pharmaceutical
Patent Analyst, in press.
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/30
1780335_Transdermal_Delivery_of_Vaccines
 www.wiki/mucosal_delivery_of_vaccines.com
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/articl
e/pii/S0168365916300670?via%3Dihub
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