SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 17
DOS IN COMMERCE
UNIVERSITY OF MYSORE,MANASAGANGOTRI
SUB: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
PRESENTATION ON
TOPIC:CASE STUDY ON VALUES
SUBMITTED BY:
SUSHMITA R GOPINATH
1ST Mcom ā€œBā€
SUBMITTED TO:
SHIVSHANKAR SIR
RESEARCH SCHOLAR
DOS IN COMMERCE
MANASAGANGOTRI,MYSURU
CONTENTS:
ļƒ’ Introduction
ļƒ’ Definition and meaning of organizational
behavior
ļƒ’ Definition and meaning of values
ļƒ’ Case study
ļƒ’ Analysis of case study
ļƒ’ Conclusion
ļƒ’ Reference
INTRODUCTION
ā€¢The study of Organizational Behavior (OB) is very
interesting and challenging too. It is related to individuals,
group of people working together in teams. No two
individuals are likely to behave in the same manner in a
particular work situation. It is the predictability of a
manager about the expected behavior of an individual.
ā€¢Values are so much embedded in the personalities of the
people that they can be inferred from peopleā€™s behavior
and their attitudes. Effective managers have to understand
the values underlying the behavior of the employees,
because only then they will realize why the people behave
in strange and different ways sometimes.
DEFINITION OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
According to Davis and Newstram,
ā€œOrganizational behavior is the study and
application of knowledge about how people act
within organizations.ā€
MEANING OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study of
human behavior in organizational settings, the
interface between human behavior and the
organization, and the organization itself.
DEFINITION OF VALUES
ACCORDING TO M. HARALAMBOS, ā€œA VALUE IS A
BELIEF THAT SOMETHING IS GOOD AND
DESIRABLEā€.
MEANING OF VALUES
Values defined in Organizational Behavior
as the collective conceptions of what is
considered good, desirable, and proper or
bad, undesirable, and improper in a culture.
CASE STUDY ON VALUES
ļƒ’ A group of 3 friends saw an Ad in newspaper
regarding job vacancy at XYZ LTD. The job seemed
perfect for all of them. They have got all the
educational qualifications that the company is asking
for but with a hitch ,that is it prefers those candidates
who have got prior work experience in investment
banking. All of them were freshers in this field &
thought to themselves that they can do it and learn
the work anyways.. Having these thoughts floating in
their minds, however, each of them chose different
course of action. Lets see what did they do:
FRIEND 1: Oh well!! I guess I donā€™t qualify for this
job. He moves on and waits for next vacancy.
FRIEND 2: OK! I donā€™t have the required skills
and experience to be an investment banker.. But I
can make something up.. After all the last company
I worked for isn't in the business any more. This
new company will never find out what I did and
didnā€™t do there.
FRIEND 3: Its obvious that I donā€™t have the
experience they want but I do know that I can
easily pick up the skills required for the job.
The only thing I can do is to take a chance & apply
for the job anyway. Iā€™ll use my cover letter to explain
that I donā€™t have the required skills but I am willing
to do whatever it is necessary to acquire them. Iā€™ll
explain that I have related skills by the way. What
have I got to loose anyway??...
He fills the application and hopes for the best!!
2.According to you whose choice was the best
and why?
1.Analyse the case and give your comments.
ANALYZING THE CASEā€¦
ļƒ’ FRIEND 1: He may be missing a great
opportunity.
ļƒ’ Even though he lacks the necessary skills, he may
have related skills which he should have
assessed.
ļƒ’ He could have explained those related skills in
his cover letter as how friend 3 did.
ļƒ’ What worse could have happened? His cover
letter would have been dumped or his employer
would be impressed by his eagerness and
potentiality to learn the required skills and
would have ignored that experience clause.
FRIEND 2: LIAR LIAR PANTS ON FIRE!!!!
Lying is never a good idea. You do feel lying is not
morally good. Lies have a snowball effect. Its like a
eating a potato chips ā€“ you canā€™t just stop at onceā€¦
can you??
FRIEND 3: Apparently heā€™s the one who has made
the wisest choice. Because he believed in himself
rather than ignoring or exposing himself which he
is not. He showed the eagerness and potentiality to
develop and learn the required skills which is
applaud able.
CONCLUSION
ļƒ’ For one friend, truth was the priority.
ļƒ’ For another, familial responsibility was may be
the priority.
ļƒ’ For the third, being honest as well as optimistic
was the essence.
ļƒ’ Values guide us but not really dictate our actions.
ļƒ’ Understanding virtues as a tool of values is
equally important. Itā€™s a subjective approach.
REFERENCES
ļƒ’ https://www.scribd.com/doc/28029631/CHAP
TER-1-Introduction-to-Organizational-
Behaviour
ļƒ’ https://www.ebsglobal.net/documents/course
-tasters/english/pdf/h17ob-bk-taster.pdf
ļƒ’ https://www.slideshare.net/akraina/values-
organisational-behaviour
Organisational behavior PPT

More Related Content

What's hot

CAREER MANAGEMENT
CAREER MANAGEMENTCAREER MANAGEMENT
CAREER MANAGEMENT
Sugandha Vidge
Ā 
Job Analysis & Design
Job Analysis & DesignJob Analysis & Design
Job Analysis & Design
Aastha
Ā 
Job Evaluation
Job EvaluationJob Evaluation
Job Evaluation
Sandiep Singh
Ā 

What's hot (20)

Performance appraisal ppt
Performance appraisal pptPerformance appraisal ppt
Performance appraisal ppt
Ā 
CAREER MANAGEMENT
CAREER MANAGEMENTCAREER MANAGEMENT
CAREER MANAGEMENT
Ā 
Job Analysis & Design
Job Analysis & DesignJob Analysis & Design
Job Analysis & Design
Ā 
Learning ( organisational behaviour)
Learning ( organisational behaviour) Learning ( organisational behaviour)
Learning ( organisational behaviour)
Ā 
Ohio & Michigan state theories of leadership
Ohio & Michigan state theories of leadershipOhio & Michigan state theories of leadership
Ohio & Michigan state theories of leadership
Ā 
job analysis
job analysisjob analysis
job analysis
Ā 
Hrd Strategic Perspective
Hrd Strategic PerspectiveHrd Strategic Perspective
Hrd Strategic Perspective
Ā 
Employee misconduct and discipline
Employee misconduct and disciplineEmployee misconduct and discipline
Employee misconduct and discipline
Ā 
Training and retraining of employees
Training and retraining of employeesTraining and retraining of employees
Training and retraining of employees
Ā 
Job Evaluation
Job EvaluationJob Evaluation
Job Evaluation
Ā 
Organizational Behavior: Learning and its theories
Organizational Behavior: Learning and its theoriesOrganizational Behavior: Learning and its theories
Organizational Behavior: Learning and its theories
Ā 
Organisational Behavior: Individual Behavior In An Organization
Organisational Behavior: Individual Behavior In An OrganizationOrganisational Behavior: Individual Behavior In An Organization
Organisational Behavior: Individual Behavior In An Organization
Ā 
Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Organizational Citizenship BehaviorOrganizational Citizenship Behavior
Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Ā 
Attitude and job satisfaction
Attitude and job satisfactionAttitude and job satisfaction
Attitude and job satisfaction
Ā 
Work redesign
Work redesignWork redesign
Work redesign
Ā 
Competency mapping
Competency mappingCompetency mapping
Competency mapping
Ā 
ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR ,O.B, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR ,O.B, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR ,O.B, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR ,O.B, ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Ā 
ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIORORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
Ā 
PERCEPTION IN ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
PERCEPTION IN ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOURPERCEPTION IN ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
PERCEPTION IN ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Ā 
Training climate
Training climateTraining climate
Training climate
Ā 

Similar to Organisational behavior PPT

Empathy map & problem statement assignment school-to-work transition
Empathy map & problem statement assignment   school-to-work transitionEmpathy map & problem statement assignment   school-to-work transition
Empathy map & problem statement assignment school-to-work transition
Gabriel Lucas
Ā 
Career Assessment Project
Career Assessment ProjectCareer Assessment Project
Career Assessment Project
n152790
Ā 
Human values2 women_business_leaders_en
Human values2 women_business_leaders_enHuman values2 women_business_leaders_en
Human values2 women_business_leaders_en
Dimitar Ivanov
Ā 
3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx
3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx
3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx
rhetttrevannion
Ā 
801 journalupdate
801 journalupdate801 journalupdate
801 journalupdate
amytaylor
Ā 
Reflective Journal (801)
Reflective Journal (801)Reflective Journal (801)
Reflective Journal (801)
amytaylor
Ā 
Lets See As To How To Deal With
Lets See As To How To Deal WithLets See As To How To Deal With
Lets See As To How To Deal With
Shobha Manmohan
Ā 
General tips to overcome an interview
General tips to overcome an interviewGeneral tips to overcome an interview
General tips to overcome an interview
Hemalata Madiraju
Ā 
Good Application Essays
Good Application EssaysGood Application Essays
Good Application Essays
Michelle Sykes
Ā 

Similar to Organisational behavior PPT (20)

Empathy map & problem statement assignment school-to-work transition
Empathy map & problem statement assignment   school-to-work transitionEmpathy map & problem statement assignment   school-to-work transition
Empathy map & problem statement assignment school-to-work transition
Ā 
Practice 5 final
Practice 5 finalPractice 5 final
Practice 5 final
Ā 
Career Assessment Project
Career Assessment ProjectCareer Assessment Project
Career Assessment Project
Ā 
Interview Skills
Interview SkillsInterview Skills
Interview Skills
Ā 
McConnell Self-Directed Search Assessment Paper.pdf
McConnell Self-Directed Search Assessment Paper.pdfMcConnell Self-Directed Search Assessment Paper.pdf
McConnell Self-Directed Search Assessment Paper.pdf
Ā 
Human values2 women_business_leaders_en
Human values2 women_business_leaders_enHuman values2 women_business_leaders_en
Human values2 women_business_leaders_en
Ā 
Career planning 1 self-assessments 2013
Career planning 1   self-assessments 2013Career planning 1   self-assessments 2013
Career planning 1 self-assessments 2013
Ā 
Handwriting Without Tears Blank Paper By Hartlow Te
Handwriting Without Tears Blank Paper By Hartlow TeHandwriting Without Tears Blank Paper By Hartlow Te
Handwriting Without Tears Blank Paper By Hartlow Te
Ā 
Self assessment
Self assessmentSelf assessment
Self assessment
Ā 
Coun 534 morgan sanders sds assessment paper
Coun 534 morgan sanders sds assessment paperCoun 534 morgan sanders sds assessment paper
Coun 534 morgan sanders sds assessment paper
Ā 
3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx
3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx
3Major Topics Iā€™ll Learn and Questions I Should Be Able to A.docx
Ā 
801 journalupdate
801 journalupdate801 journalupdate
801 journalupdate
Ā 
Reflective Journal (801)
Reflective Journal (801)Reflective Journal (801)
Reflective Journal (801)
Ā 
Lets See As To How To Deal With
Lets See As To How To Deal WithLets See As To How To Deal With
Lets See As To How To Deal With
Ā 
Tapping Into Customer Emotions
Tapping Into Customer Emotions Tapping Into Customer Emotions
Tapping Into Customer Emotions
Ā 
General tips to overcome an interview
General tips to overcome an interviewGeneral tips to overcome an interview
General tips to overcome an interview
Ā 
SOFT SKILLS
SOFT SKILLSSOFT SKILLS
SOFT SKILLS
Ā 
Guest Lecture at Oregon St U, 4.13.2022.pdf
Guest Lecture at Oregon St U, 4.13.2022.pdfGuest Lecture at Oregon St U, 4.13.2022.pdf
Guest Lecture at Oregon St U, 4.13.2022.pdf
Ā 
Career Design-Entrepreneur VS Employee
Career Design-Entrepreneur VS EmployeeCareer Design-Entrepreneur VS Employee
Career Design-Entrepreneur VS Employee
Ā 
Good Application Essays
Good Application EssaysGood Application Essays
Good Application Essays
Ā 

More from Sushmita R Gopinath (6)

Strategic Management PPT
Strategic Management PPTStrategic Management PPT
Strategic Management PPT
Ā 
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PPT
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PPTHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PPT
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PPT
Ā 
PPT on mobile marketing
PPT on mobile marketingPPT on mobile marketing
PPT on mobile marketing
Ā 
Role of xbrl in business reporting
Role of xbrl in business reportingRole of xbrl in business reporting
Role of xbrl in business reporting
Ā 
Ethics & social responsibility
Ethics & social responsibilityEthics & social responsibility
Ethics & social responsibility
Ā 
Binomial distribution
Binomial distributionBinomial distribution
Binomial distribution
Ā 

Recently uploaded

Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
ciinovamais
Ā 
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptxThe basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
heathfieldcps1
Ā 
Gardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch Letter
Gardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch LetterGardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch Letter
Gardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch Letter
MateoGardella
Ā 
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global ImpactBeyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
PECB
Ā 
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
QucHHunhnh
Ā 

Recently uploaded (20)

Z Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot Graph
Z Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot GraphZ Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot Graph
Z Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot Graph
Ā 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Ā 
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptxThe basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
Ā 
Advance Mobile Application Development class 07
Advance Mobile Application Development class 07Advance Mobile Application Development class 07
Advance Mobile Application Development class 07
Ā 
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Ā 
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdfWeb & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Ā 
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across SectorsAPM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
APM Welcome, APM North West Network Conference, Synergies Across Sectors
Ā 
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy ConsultingGrant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Ā 
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptxINDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
Ā 
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introductionmicrowave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
Ā 
Gardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch Letter
Gardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch LetterGardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch Letter
Gardella_PRCampaignConclusion Pitch Letter
Ā 
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptApplication orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Ā 
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and ModeMeasures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
Ā 
psychiatric nursing HISTORY COLLECTION .docx
psychiatric  nursing HISTORY  COLLECTION  .docxpsychiatric  nursing HISTORY  COLLECTION  .docx
psychiatric nursing HISTORY COLLECTION .docx
Ā 
Mixin Classes in Odoo 17 How to Extend Models Using Mixin Classes
Mixin Classes in Odoo 17  How to Extend Models Using Mixin ClassesMixin Classes in Odoo 17  How to Extend Models Using Mixin Classes
Mixin Classes in Odoo 17 How to Extend Models Using Mixin Classes
Ā 
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global ImpactBeyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Beyond the EU: DORA and NIS 2 Directive's Global Impact
Ā 
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
Ā 
SECOND SEMESTER TOPIC COVERAGE SY 2023-2024 Trends, Networks, and Critical Th...
SECOND SEMESTER TOPIC COVERAGE SY 2023-2024 Trends, Networks, and Critical Th...SECOND SEMESTER TOPIC COVERAGE SY 2023-2024 Trends, Networks, and Critical Th...
SECOND SEMESTER TOPIC COVERAGE SY 2023-2024 Trends, Networks, and Critical Th...
Ā 
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
Ā 
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptxUnit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Ā 

Organisational behavior PPT

  • 1. DOS IN COMMERCE UNIVERSITY OF MYSORE,MANASAGANGOTRI SUB: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR PRESENTATION ON TOPIC:CASE STUDY ON VALUES SUBMITTED BY: SUSHMITA R GOPINATH 1ST Mcom ā€œBā€ SUBMITTED TO: SHIVSHANKAR SIR RESEARCH SCHOLAR DOS IN COMMERCE MANASAGANGOTRI,MYSURU
  • 2. CONTENTS: ļƒ’ Introduction ļƒ’ Definition and meaning of organizational behavior ļƒ’ Definition and meaning of values ļƒ’ Case study ļƒ’ Analysis of case study ļƒ’ Conclusion ļƒ’ Reference
  • 3. INTRODUCTION ā€¢The study of Organizational Behavior (OB) is very interesting and challenging too. It is related to individuals, group of people working together in teams. No two individuals are likely to behave in the same manner in a particular work situation. It is the predictability of a manager about the expected behavior of an individual. ā€¢Values are so much embedded in the personalities of the people that they can be inferred from peopleā€™s behavior and their attitudes. Effective managers have to understand the values underlying the behavior of the employees, because only then they will realize why the people behave in strange and different ways sometimes.
  • 4.
  • 5. DEFINITION OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR According to Davis and Newstram, ā€œOrganizational behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people act within organizations.ā€ MEANING OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself.
  • 6.
  • 7. DEFINITION OF VALUES ACCORDING TO M. HARALAMBOS, ā€œA VALUE IS A BELIEF THAT SOMETHING IS GOOD AND DESIRABLEā€. MEANING OF VALUES Values defined in Organizational Behavior as the collective conceptions of what is considered good, desirable, and proper or bad, undesirable, and improper in a culture.
  • 8.
  • 9. CASE STUDY ON VALUES ļƒ’ A group of 3 friends saw an Ad in newspaper regarding job vacancy at XYZ LTD. The job seemed perfect for all of them. They have got all the educational qualifications that the company is asking for but with a hitch ,that is it prefers those candidates who have got prior work experience in investment banking. All of them were freshers in this field & thought to themselves that they can do it and learn the work anyways.. Having these thoughts floating in their minds, however, each of them chose different course of action. Lets see what did they do:
  • 10. FRIEND 1: Oh well!! I guess I donā€™t qualify for this job. He moves on and waits for next vacancy. FRIEND 2: OK! I donā€™t have the required skills and experience to be an investment banker.. But I can make something up.. After all the last company I worked for isn't in the business any more. This new company will never find out what I did and didnā€™t do there. FRIEND 3: Its obvious that I donā€™t have the experience they want but I do know that I can easily pick up the skills required for the job.
  • 11. The only thing I can do is to take a chance & apply for the job anyway. Iā€™ll use my cover letter to explain that I donā€™t have the required skills but I am willing to do whatever it is necessary to acquire them. Iā€™ll explain that I have related skills by the way. What have I got to loose anyway??... He fills the application and hopes for the best!!
  • 12. 2.According to you whose choice was the best and why? 1.Analyse the case and give your comments.
  • 13. ANALYZING THE CASEā€¦ ļƒ’ FRIEND 1: He may be missing a great opportunity. ļƒ’ Even though he lacks the necessary skills, he may have related skills which he should have assessed. ļƒ’ He could have explained those related skills in his cover letter as how friend 3 did. ļƒ’ What worse could have happened? His cover letter would have been dumped or his employer would be impressed by his eagerness and potentiality to learn the required skills and would have ignored that experience clause.
  • 14. FRIEND 2: LIAR LIAR PANTS ON FIRE!!!! Lying is never a good idea. You do feel lying is not morally good. Lies have a snowball effect. Its like a eating a potato chips ā€“ you canā€™t just stop at onceā€¦ can you?? FRIEND 3: Apparently heā€™s the one who has made the wisest choice. Because he believed in himself rather than ignoring or exposing himself which he is not. He showed the eagerness and potentiality to develop and learn the required skills which is applaud able.
  • 15. CONCLUSION ļƒ’ For one friend, truth was the priority. ļƒ’ For another, familial responsibility was may be the priority. ļƒ’ For the third, being honest as well as optimistic was the essence. ļƒ’ Values guide us but not really dictate our actions. ļƒ’ Understanding virtues as a tool of values is equally important. Itā€™s a subjective approach.