The document provides an overview of crises that occurred in the 14th century, including the Black Death plague pandemic, Central Asian invasions by Mongol leaders like Tamerlane, troubles in 15th century Europe including the Hundred Years' War and Great Schism, and the rise of the Ming Dynasty in China. It discusses the causes, spread, and effects of the Black Death plague, including population decline, as well as military campaigns and conquests by Mongol leaders that disrupted regions from the Middle East to India. Troubles in 15th century Europe included ongoing war between England and France and a split in the Catholic Church. Meanwhile, the Ming Dynasty was established in China and oversaw development and economic growth under early emp
2. Overview
• 1300 – 1500
• The Bubonic Plague
• Central Asian Invasions
• European Trouble
• The Ming Dynasty
• Islamic Empires
Tamerlane’s Raid on Delhi in 1398,
16th Century miniature
3. Black Death/Bubonic Plague
• Causes and Background
– Rats and fleas
– The Little Ice Age (14th
– 18th Centuries)
– Mutations
– Nutrition
– Trade Routes
• Symptoms
– Buboes
– 25%-65% mortality
• Incubation: days Plague Victims, 1411, Toggenburg Bible
4. Black
Death/Bubonic
Plague
• Spread
– Yunan (1320)
– Caffa to Sicily (1347)
– Mecca (1348)
– London (1348)
– Shandong (1353)
• Effects
• Peasant Revolts
– 1356, The Red Turban Revolt
– 1358, The Jacquerie
– 1381, The English Peasant
Revolt/Wat Tyler
12. European Troubles
• The Hundred Years’ War
(1337-1453)
• The Great Schism
– Avignon Papacy (1309 –
1378)
– Gregory XI (r. 1370-1378)
– Council of Constance (1414
– 1418)
• The Byzantine Empire
– Siege of Constantinople
(1453)
– The Ottoman Empire
Battle of Crecy, late 15th C, Manuscript,
Chronicles by Froissart
COMPARATIVE ILLUSTRATION The Great Walls of China. Although the Great Wall is popularly believed to be more than two thousand years old, the part of the wall that is most frequently visited by tourists today was a reconstruction undertaken during the early Ming dynasty to protect against invasion from the north. Part of that wall, which was built to protect the imperial capital of Beijing, is shown at the top. The original walls, which stretched from the shores of the Pacific Ocean to the deserts of Central Asia, were often composed of loose stone, dirt, or piled rubble. The section shown in the inset is located north of the Turfan Depression in Xinjiang Province.
COMPARATIVE ILLUSTRATION The Great Walls of China. Although the Great Wall is popularly believed to be more than two thousand years old, the part of the wall that is most frequently visited by tourists today was a reconstruction undertaken during the early Ming dynasty to protect against invasion from the north. Part of that wall, which was built to protect the imperial capital of Beijing, is shown at the top. The original walls, which stretched from the shores of the Pacific Ocean to the deserts of Central Asia, were often composed of loose stone, dirt, or piled rubble. The section shown in the inset is located north of the Turfan Depression in Xinjiang Province.
