Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016 presents key indicators for measuring the state of entrepreneurship and its determinants. The single most important message from this year’s publication concerns tentative signs of a turning point, and more widespread recovery, in start-up rates in many OECD countries.

1. ENTREPRENEURSHIP AT A
GLANCE 2016
Martine Durand
OECD Chief Statistician
Paris, 28 September 2016

2. 2
Tentative signs of recovery in start-ups
emerging in most countries
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.
Growth in enterprise creations
Percentage, Q1 2016
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
DNK RUS CAN NLD FIN DEU AUS ITA USA PRT ESP NOR FRA BEL ISL SWE NZL GBR

3. 3
Results from new Facebook-OECD-World Bank
Survey also point to more positive outlook
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
FRA ITA GBR IRL JPN AUS CAN DEU THA USA POL ISR BRA ESP ARG ZAF EGY IDN IND MEX VNM COL
0-3 years
More than 10 years
Enterprises that plan to increase employment in next 6 months
Percentage of survey respondents, February –July 2016

4. 4
Nevertheless start-up rates are still
below pre-crisis levels in many countries
-50
-45
-40
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
FIN ITA BEL ESP ISL DEU AUS USA RUS NZL PRT DNK CAN NOR NLD FRA SWE GBR
Growth in enterprise creations
Percentage, 2016 relative to 2007
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.

5. 5
Greater dependence on SMEs as drivers of
growth in euro area than in the US
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.
Change in number of enterprises, business economy
Average annual percentage change between 2009 and 2013
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Total Manufacturing Services
SMEs
Euro Area USA
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Total Manufacturing Services
Large enterprises
Euro Area USA

6. 6
Micro and small firms’ direct participation
in global trade is very low
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.
Share of exporting enterprises in total enterprises
Percentage, 2013
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Micro and small enterprises Large

7. 7
Although in some sectors, SMEs participate
indirectly in trade through global value chains
Share of SMEs in total domestic value-added of exports,
motor vehicles
Percentage

8. 8
Gender gaps in entrepreneurship remain
significant
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Total
Women Men
36
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.
Share of self-employed by gender
Percentage of total employment, 2014 or latest available year

9. Women entrepreneurs have less access
to finance and training
9
-5
0
5
10
15
20
USA
MEX
GRC
HUN
LVA
CZE
KOR
IND
POL
ZAF
CHN
PRT
EST
ITA
ESP
LUX
SVK
AUT
NLD
ISR
BRA
BEL
OECD
NZL
SWE
CHL
TUR
ISL
RUS
IDN
CAN
SVN
FRA
DNK
JPN
AUS
DEU
FIN
IRL
GBR
gender gap in access to finance
gender gap in access to training
Percentage (male minus female)
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.

10. 10
Positive evaluation of current business status
Percentage of survey respondents, February-July 2016
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
BRA THA ESP ARG DEU MEX ITA COL CAN POL FRA IDN VNM AUS USA IND GBR
Female owned Male owned
Once in business, women entrepreneurs
feel as confident as men about the future

11. 11
SMEs with on-line presence also tend to be
more optimistic about the future
Source: Entrepreneurship at a Glance 2016.
Positive current status of the business, by use of online tools
Percentage of survey respondents, February-July 2016
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
THA JPN ARG ESP BRA MEX EGY ITA ZAF COL POL FRA AUS CAN USA VNM ISR IRL DEU GBR IND IDN
Use digital tools Do not use digital tools

12. 12
OECD and the Future of Business Survey