All About Coronavirus Shumail Ayub Qureshi STUDENT OF BS ZOOLOGY TEAM MEMBERS; Dua Usman Rachel Sadaf

1. Presentations
PHENOTYPIC
5TH SEMESTER
GENOTYPIC BY
MS SADAF

2. BS
ZOOLOGY
5th
SEMESTER
PRESENTED BY ; SHUMAIL ,
RACHEL, DUA AND SADAF

4. What is CORONAVIRUS-19?
 Coronavirus disease is a type of infectious disease belonged to Viral family
named ORTHORNAVIRUS.
 COVID-19 cause by newly discovered virus named CORONAVIRUS.
 It has RNA as a heredity material.
 It is usually spherical in shape
 It has a large number of spikes on it which provide attachment function on
substrate.
 CORONAVIRUS structure has closely resemblances with influenza virus.

6. STRUTURE
OF
COVID-19

7. COVID-19 AS PANDEMIC
 EPIDEMIC refers as to an increase often sudden in the
number of cases of a disease above what normally
expected in that population in that area.
It is limited to specific geographical areas.
Like in AIDS in AFRICA CONTINENT.
 PANDEMIC that becomes very widespread and effects
whole region, continent, or worldwide.
Like COVID-19 consider as PANDEMIC.

9. COVID-19 HOTSPOTS GLOBALLY

11. Differences between INFLUENZA and COVID-
19
COVID-19
 Incubation period is 2-14 days
 Symptoms are:
 Fever
 Cough
 Fatigue
 Shortness of breath
 Dry cough
 Nausea and diarrhea
INFLUENZA
 Incubation period is 1-4 days
 Symptoms are:
 Body aches
 Headache
 Runny and stuffy nose
 sore throat
 Chills

12.  COVID-19
 Symptom onset is GRADUAL
 Its severity can be asymptomatic or mild,
but 1 in 5 may require hospitalization;
symptoms may worsen in the second
week of illness.
 Its contagiousness increases when
someone is showing symptoms;
asymptomatic people may also spread
virus
 INFLUENZA
 Symptom onset is RAPID
 Typically mild , resolving in about a week.
 Its contagiousness can be between 3 to 5
days
 important drivers of flu virus
 Reproductive number i.e, the number of
secondary infections generated from an
individuals is 2 to 3 people.
 Adults can easily be affected due to lessened
immunity. Data shows that people between age
group 0-19 are least affected
 Usually 1 to 2 persons can contract secondary
flu

13. Similarities b/w influenza and covid-19

15. Transmission Of COVID-19
Transmission including contact, airborne fomite, fecal oral,
mother to child and animal to human transmission.
Modes of Transmission
1. Contact or droplet transmission
2. Airborne transmission
3. Fomite transmission

16. 1. Contact or droplet Transmission
 Transmission can occur through direct, indirect, or close contact with
infected people through infected secretions such as saliva and
respiratory secretions or their respiratory droplets which are
expelled when an infected person coughs, sneeze or talks.
 Indirect contact transmission involving contact of a susceptible host
with a contaminated object or surface.

17. 2. Airborne Transmission
 It is the spread of an infectious agent caused by the
dissemination of droplet nuclei that remain infectious when
suspended in air over long distances and time.
 May occur during medical procedures that produce aerosols.
3. Fomite Transmission
 Respiratory secretions or droplets expelled by infected
individual can contaminate surfaces and objects, creating
fomites.

19. COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19
 Acute Respiratory failure
 Pneumonia
 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
 Acute Liver Injury
 Secondary Infection
 Acute Kidney Injury
 Septic Shock

22. VACCINE:

23. vaccine:
 The power of a vaccine depends on its price. No matter the
clinical effectiveness, if too few people have access to the
vaccine, the community can’t reach herd immunity,
rendering the innovation moot. “The ultimate value of
this vaccine will really be determined by
coverage,” says Dr. Bruce Y. Lee, professor of health
policy and management at the City University of New
York. “If only a certain percentage of people get
the vaccine, then we won't really have enough
coverage to make a dent in the spread of the virus”

24. The good news is that right now, the prices are pretty reasonable.
Pfizer and BioNTech have set the initial price at $19.50 a dose,
which comes to $39 per patient (since each vaccine requires a two-
dose regimen). Pfizer and BioNTech, which have developed an
mRNA-based vaccine, will receive $1.95 billion for the first 100
million doses
Moderna, which has developed a competing mRNA vaccine,
received nearly $1 billion from the Biomedical Advanced Research
and Development Authority and has a $1.5 billion contract for 100
million doses, bringing its price to around $50 per patient or $25
a dose.