2. Gaseous exchange occurs in plants through: -
-Stomata in leaves
- Lenticels in stem
- Surface of roots
During respiration plants absorbs Oxygen and use the glucose
to create Carbon Dioxide, Water and Energy
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
3. TRANSPORTATION
Transportation in Humans
• Blood is a connective tissue.
• It transports necessary substances to cell and transport metabolic waste product away from those same cells.
• Main components of Blood:
Plasma- It is a yellow colour fluid. It transports food, carbon dioxide and waste products.
RBC- Contains Haemoglobin which transports Oxygen.
Platelets- It helps in clotting of blood.
WBC- It fights against harmful bacteria, viruses and germs.
• The heart pumps the blood through the blood vessels.
4. HEART
• It is a muscular organ.
• It has two sides separated by muscular wall.
• Four Chambers- Left atrium, Right atrium,
Left ventricle, Right ventricle.
5. HOW DOES THE
HEART WORK?
• De- oxygenated blood comes from body to Right Atrium.
• Which then pumps into the lung by Right Ventricle through
arteries.
• Where it drops Carbon dioxide and carries Oxygen.
• The oxygenated blood comes to the Left Atrium through
veins, which then pumps to the body parts by Left Ventricle
through Aorta.
7. BLOOD VESSELS
Arteries
• Carry's oxygenated blood
• From heart to body parts except the pulmonary arteries.
• Thick and elastic.
• Smallest vessels which are one cell thick are called capillaries.
Veins
• Carry deoxygenated blood
• From body parts to heart except pulmonary veins.
Lymph
• Also a transporter fluid.
• The pores in the walls of capillaries, some amount of plasma, proteins and blood cells escape intercellular spaces in the
tissues to form lymph.
• Drains away the excess tissue metabolism.
• Absorbs and transports fat from intestine.
• It is colourless.
9. EXCRETION
• Process in which wastes are removes from our body.
• Removes metabolic waste.
• Metabolic waste:
-Digestive waste
-Respiratory waste
- Nitrogenous waste
10. HUMAN EXCRETORY
SYSTEM
• It consists of Two kidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder and Urethra.
• Kidneys- Filter blood and remove waste.
• Ureters- Drain out urine from kidney to urinary bladder.
• Urinary Bladder- Stores the urine.
• Urethra- Transmit urine outside the body.
• Kidneys have millions of filtration units called Nephrons.
Nephrons
• Filtration units in kidneys.
• Consists of a tube which is connected to duct and a cup shaped structure that is
Bowman’s capsule.
• Bowman’s capsule- It filters blood to collect urine.
• Henle’s loop- Reabsorption of glucose, amino acid and water.
11. • Then urine enters into ureter through the duct and
gets collected in the urinary bladder.
12. EXCRETION IN PLANTS
• Plants remove oxygen through stomata.
• Excess water is removed though stomata by transpiration.
• Plants also loose some old leaves and barks.
• Other plant waste include resins, saps, latex.