The circulatory system is made up of the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and blood, and works together to transport nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and waste throughout the entire body. The heart pumps blood through the blood vessels, delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells and picking up carbon dioxide and other cellular waste. The circulatory system forms a double loop - the pulmonary circulation between the heart and lungs, and the systemic circulation between the heart and all other tissues. Together this system sustains the functions of all organ systems.

2. Circulatory System
• The Circulatory System is responsible
for transporting materials throughout
the entire body.
• It transports nutrients, water, and
oxygen to your billions of body cells
and carries away wastes such as carbon
dioxide that body cells produce.
• It is an amazing highway that travels
through your entire body connecting all
your body cells.
• The heart, the lungs, and the blood
vessels work together to form the circle
part of the circulatory system.
• The Heart has the job of pumping
these things around the body.
• The Heart pumps blood and
substances around the body in tubes
called blood vessels

3. HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM TRANSPORTATION

4. How does this system work?
Circulatory System

5. 05
Components Of Circulatory System
03 06
Heart Blood Vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

6. Need for transport inside the body
• The digestive system digests and absorbs
nutrients which have to be transported to
every cell of the body
• Respiratory system takes in air
containing O2 which goes to the lungs
from there O2 has to be transported to
every body cell and the CO2 from every
body cell has to be transported to the lungs
so that it can be given out during
expiration.
• All the extra water , excess salts and urea
have to be transported from different parts
of body to the excretory system
• Hormones secreted by endocrine glands
have to be transported throughout the body
to act wherever they are required All such
transportation is carried out by 2 circulating
fluids –
a)Blood
b)Lymph

7. Organs of Circulatory System
• The human circulatory system comprises 4 main organs
that have specific roles and functions.
• The vital circulatory system organs include:
Heart
Blood (technically, blood is considered a tissue and not
an organ)
Blood Vessels
Lymphatic system

8. HEART

9. THE HEART : STRUCTURE
• The right and left sides of the heart are
separated by a septum, or wall.
• The septum prevents the mixing of
oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood.
• On each side of the septum are two
chambers.
• The upper chamber (receives blood) is
the atrium. The lower chamber (pumps
blood out of heart) is the ventricle.

10. THE HEART : STRUCTURE
Four Chambers

11. THE HEART : STRUCTURE
Heart coverings
• Pericardium
Covers the heart and large blood vessels attached to the heart
Protective sac of connective tissue
Surrounds the heart
Filled with fluid
• Visceral pericardium
Innermost layer
Directly on the heart
• Parietal pericardium
Layer on top of the visceral pericardium

12. THE HEART : STRUCTURE
Heart Wall
Epicardium
• Outermost layer
• Fat to cushion heart
Myocardium
• Middle layer
• Primarily cardiac muscle
Endocardium
• Innermost layer
• Thin and smooth
• Stretches as the heart pumps

14. Three Kinds of Circulation
•Pulmonary circulation :- Movement of blood from the
heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again
•Coronary circulation :-Movement of blood through the
tissues of the heart
•Systemic circulation :-Supplies nourishment to all of
the tissue located throughout the body , except for the
heart and lungs

15. • Colour – Bright red or dark red
• Volume – An average adult person has 5-
6 litres of blood
•
• Taste – salty since it is alkaline it has a
pH of 7.3-7.45
• Study of blood is Haematology.

16. TYPES OF BLOOD
• Blood is a set of specialized cells that transport
different substances throughout the body. Human
circulatory system carries out two kinds of blood.
• OXYGENATED BLOOD: contents oxygen and
nutrients like vitamins, salts and glucose. It is
bright red because hemoglobin.
• DEOXYGENATED BLOOD: contents carbón
dioxide and waste products from Cells nutrition
process. It is dark red due to the carbón dioxide.

17. TYPES OF BLOOD CELLS
The human body consists of three types of blood cells, namely:
Red blood cells (RBC) / Erythrocytes
Red blood cells are mainly involved in transporting oxygen, nutrients,
and other substances to various parts of the body. These blood cells
also remove waste from the body.
White blood cells (WBC) / Leukocytes
White blood cells are specialized cells, which function as a body’s
defence system. They provide immunity by fending off pathogens and
harmful microorganisms.
Platelets / Thrombocytes
Platelets are cells that help to form clots and stop bleeding. They act
on the site of an injury or a wound.
BLOOD CELLS ARE PRODUCED IN BONE MARROW

18. Symptoms of the disease

19. BLOOD VESSELS
• Arteries: Transport oxygenated from the heart to the
body.
EXCEPTION: Pulmonary artery. Its walls are bigger than
veins and are made of endothelium, smooth muscles and
connective tissue.
• Veins: Transport deoxygenated from the body to the
heart.
EXCEPTION: Pulmonary Vein. They are made of
endothelium, smooth muscles and connective tissue.
• Capillaries: Are the connection between arteries and
veins, it size is similar to a human hair and allow gas and
nutrients exchange directly to cells.

20. LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
• Also known as tissue fluid.
• It is produced by the lymphatic system which
comprises a network of interconnected organs,
nodes and ducts.
• Lymph is a colourless fluid consisting of salts,
proteins, water, which transport and circulates
digested food and absorbed fat to intercellular
spaces in the tissues.
• Unlike the circulatory system, lymph is not
pumped; instead, it passively flows through a
network of vessels.

21. FUNCTIONS OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• It helps in sustaining all the organ systems.
• It transports blood, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide and hormones
throughout the body.
• It protects cells from pathogens.
• It acts as an interface for cell-to-cell interaction.
• The substances present in the blood help repair the damaged tissue

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