Democracy is defined as rule by the common people where citizens elect representatives who form the government. In a democracy, the government is accountable to the people. In contrast, a monarchy is a system where a royal family member is head of state and rules with advisors without needing approval. Key elements of democracy include formal equality, universal adult suffrage, elections, and coalition governments. Equality is a central theme of democracy where no discrimination exists based on attributes and all adults can vote. Regular elections also occur where more than one party may form a governing coalition if no single party wins a majority.

1. DEMOCRACY

2. DEFINE DEMOCRACY
Democracy means the rule by the common people.
People elect their own representatives. People
are supreme. No body or institution is above
them. The government is answerable to the
people and the people only can change it
through constitutional provisions.
In Fact vote for particular persons or candidate and
elect them. These elected persons from the
government. In this system, the government is
directly responsible to the people.

3. MONARCHY

4. MONARCHY
In a monarchy, the head of the royal family is
the head of the nation. In this system, the
monarch takes decisions and runs the
government with the help of a help small
group of ministers or advisors. The kings or
the queens have neither to explain their
actions.

5. WHY DEMOCRACRY AND THE KEY
ELEMENTS OF DEMOCRACRY
FORMAL EQUALITY
Equality the central theme of democracy. Equality is the
precondition that ensure justice to all the people of a
society or country. In democracy, everybody is given an
equal status. No discrimination is made on the basis of
caste, religion, colour, race, etc.
 DECISION-MAKING MECHANISM
People participate in the decision-making process in a
democracy. But, they do not participate in it directly.
Instead, they choose their representatives through an
election process.

6. UNIVERSAL ADULT FRANCHISE
Means that all adults in the country have the power to
vote. This is an essential features of a democracy.
ELECTIONS
Regular elections are an essential features of a democracy.
The election commission of india is the highest constitutional
authority to conduct elections in india. Elections are held
after every 5 years.
 COALITION GOVERMENTS
If no single party wins a clear majority, two or more parties
may join together to obtain majority That is, their collective
strength in the assembly would provide the required majoirty
to form a government.

7. EQUAILITY IN DEMOCRACY
EQUALITY
Equality Is the central theme or soul of
democracy. It is the pre-condition that ensure
justice to all the people of a society or country.
Here, equality means social, economic, and
political equality among citizens.

8. UNIVERSAL ADULT FRANCHISE AND EQUALITY
All adults in the country are allowed to vote.
This is an essential features of a democracy.
It is based on the principle or equality.
It authorise very adult citizen in a country to cast one’s
vote irrespective of hisher wealth and the community
heshe belongs to.
OUR CONSITUTION AND EQUALITY
 Every person is equal before the law . this means that
every person has to obey the same laws.
No person can be discriminated on the basis of religion,
race, caste, place of birth or gender

9. GOVERNMENT MONARCHY

10. GOVERNMEMNT INITIATIVES TO
PROMOTE EQUALITY
 More poor children have begun enrolling and regularly
attending school.
 Earlier the children would go home for lunch, generally they
did not return to school. Now, their attendance has
improved.
 Earlier mothers were interrupted in their work as they had
to feed their children at home during the day. This is not so,
now.
 The attitude of the people to accept all men as equal,
changes very slowly.

11. INEQUALTY-A WORLD PHENOMMENON
In many democratic countries of the world, the
issue of equality is an important issue of
concern. For example, in the united states of
America, African-Americans were treated
extremely inequality. They were denied equality
before law especially before the CIVIL RIGHTS
MOVEMENT. Civil rights movements was
movement that began in USA in 1950s in which
African-American people demanded equal rights
and an end to racial discrimination .

12. REFRENCES
BOOK : SOCIAL SCIENCE
AUHTOR : K.G SHARMA(M.A)
RAVINDRA KUMAR(M.A)
CLASS : 7th
CCE , PSA , VALUE BASED QNS.

13. PRASHANT
B.Ed Ist YR
ENROLL NO. 507
VDIT, (IP)