The session will provide a framework to the Social Studies Teachers to scaffold students' thinking processes. It will help teachers to turn their Social Studies classes into a laboratory for creative thinking.
Objectives
1. Define thinking tools.
2. Practice CAF, FIP, and PMI to understand thinking tools.
3. Use CAF, FIP, and PMI in their Social Studies classroom.
4. Participate actively in the session's activities.
2. Prof. Edward de Bono
“ Creative thinking is not a talent, it is a skill that can
be learnt. It empowers people by adding strength to
their natural abilities which improves team work,
productivity and where appropriate profits.”
3. Thinking Tools and Habits
• Habit
It is a routine and always at the back of the mind no matter what we
are thinking about.
• Thinking Tools
It is more formal than a habit. Specific thinking tools are used for
specific purpose.
4. The Seven Attention-directed Thinking
Tools
• Aims, Goals, Objectives (AGO)
• Consider All Factors (CAF)
• First Important Priorities (FIP)
• Alternatives, Possibilities and Choices (APC)
• Other People’s Views (OPV)
• Consequence and Sequel (C & S)
• Plus, Minus and Interesting (PMI)
5. Consider All Factors (CAF)
•It is very powerful strategy to make wise
decisions and attention-direction tool that
help to add multiple considerations about a
topic. It is pronounced ‘CAFF’
6. CAF Leads to
• breadth of perceptions by considering in a specific amount of time.
• consider all possible factors and do not leave out any important
point.
• It may be possible that some factors are important and some are
less important but it facilitates to practice thinking multiple factors.
• predict fears and helps in making wise choices.
• extend thinking horizon by asking questions related to the topic to
find more factors.
7. You are going to organize a
birthday party, list down
what do you need to
celebrate it.
8. CAF on given situation
• Make budget
• Invitation cards
• List of guests
• Decoration items
• Order cake
• Music and sounds
• Photography and videography
• Goody bags
9. CAF Exercises to try out!
• What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-
Daro? (History)
• Climate Challenges in Pakistan. (Geography)
• Migration into cities cause problems. (Civic)
10. First Important Priorities (FIP)
• FIP is a crystallization of the process of picking
out the most important ideas, factors, objectives,
consequences, etc.
• Obviously some of these ideas are more
important than others.
11. Why FIP
• It helps to narrow things down and improve parallel thinking.
• It emphasizes to keep attention to priorities.
• It encourages to generate ideas about a situation and decide which one
most or least important in making wise decision.
• It helps to understand that different people have different priorities of
the same situation.
12. Your child want to get admission in a
school, what will you see in that
school?
What four things are your priorities,
do FIP?
13.
14. Exercises to try out! FIP
• How can Pakistan improve its agriculture? What four things Pakistan must do?
Do FIP (Geography)
• If you were selecting people to be good Police officers. What would your top
three priorities be? Do a FIP (Civic)
• In Mughal emperors era, what were their contributions? What four things are
their priorities? Do FIP (History)
15. Plus- Minus- Interesting
•The PMI is a strategy that helps to treat
ideas, recommendations and other
proposals to make sound decisions.
16. Why PMI
• see both sides of an argument
• view things from a different point of view
• think broadly about an issue
• suspend judgement
• make informed decisions
• work as individuals, in pairs or as members of a group.
19. Plus Points
City will be more cleaned.
More lives will be saved.
People have brand awareness
Reach a variety of customers
Always working
20. Minus Points
• It has limited information.
Visibility issues can be there.
People have brief exposure time
City will look colourless and boring.
Marketing industry will be suffered.
Many people will be jobless.
People will not be updated regarding upcoming events/sale etc.
23. PMI Exercises to try out!
• What happens when trees of rain forest cut down. Do a P.M.I on this idea.
(Geography)
• Partition of Pakistan and India (History)
• Reflect of Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar era, do a PMI. (History)
• Should people vote to their candidates in election? Do a P.M.I on this
idea. (Civic)
• “In the near future, global warming will lead to large- scale melting of the
polar ice caps”
