1) The document discusses the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and its role in ensuring rural livelihood security in India. 2) It provides background on rising rural poverty and unemployment, and how MGNREGA aims to address this issue by guaranteeing at least 100 days of employment per year. 3) Research reviews and case studies show MGNREGA has improved incomes, food security, and empowerment of women, though some studies found employment days provided fell short of the 100-day target.

1. welcome

2. DOCTORAL SEMINAR -II
ENSURING RURAL LIVELIHOOD SECURITY THROUGH MAHATMA GANDHI
NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT (MGNREGA)
Course teacher
Dr. Patil V.G.
Professor
Deptt.of Extension Education
College of Agriculture Dapoli

3. Flow of Presentation
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 OBjECTIVES
 AIMS
 SALINT FEATURES OF THE MGNREGA
 Livelihood Security and component

4.  Food security
 Convergence
 Implemetation of MGNREGA in Maharashtra
state
 Research review
 Case studies


5.  Rural poverty and unemployment in India have grown in an unprecedented
manner during the last few decades.
 There is a growing incidence of illiteracy, blind faith, hungry people, malnourished
children, anaemic pregnant women, farmer suicides, starvation deaths, migration
resulting from inadequate employment, poverty, and the failure of subsistence
production during droughts.
 In order to make solution of these problems and to provide livelihood security to
rural unemployed, Government of India (GOI) enacted the National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in 2005.

6.  The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) aims at the ‘right to
work’.
 It is a demand driven Scheme, approved by the Indian Parliament in September
2005. This Act started functioning from 2nd Feb.2006
 It was renamed as ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act’
on 2-10-2009...

7.  Launched on Feb 2, 2006 from Anantapur in Andhra Pradesh.
 Implemented in phased manner covering 200 districts, With minimum wages
Rs 60.
 It was started with the budget of 11000 crores.
 Strengthen the social and gender equality dimensions as 23% workers under
the scheme are Scheduled Castes,17% Scheduled Tribes.

9.  To provide at least 100 days of unskilled work on demand per household per
annum within 15 days and within 5 KMs radius near to his/her address to all
adults who have completed 18 years of age, thus by ensuring economic security to
rural people.
 Equal wages for men and women and preference should be given to women in
each work and at least one-third (33%) of persons to whom work is allotted have to
be women, thus ensuring women empowerment and social equality.
 Creation and maintenance of rural assets and environmental protection.
 Lowering of rural-urban migration.
 Panchayat Raj Institutions to have a principal role in planning and
implementation and each district has to prepare a shelf of projects.

10. 1. Provide unskilled manual work to adults of rural areas.
2. The Gram Panchayat issue a Job Card.
3. The Job Card should be issued within 15 days of application.
4. A Job Card holder submit a written application for employment to the Gram
Panchayat.
5. Employment will be given within 15 days of application for work.
6. Work should ordinarily be provided within 5 km radius of the village.
7. Wages are to be paid according to the Minimum Wages Act 1948 in the State.
8. Wages are to be paid according to piece rate or daily rate.
9. The wages under a scheme may be paid either in bank account or Post office

11. 10.At least one-third beneficiaries shall be women who have registered.
11.The facilities provided at the work site viz. safe drinking water, shade for children
and periods of rest etc.
12.Projects for a village will be recommended by the Gram Sabha and approved by
the Zilla Panchayat.
13.Permissible works predominantly include Water and Soil Conservation,
Afforestation and Land Development works.
14.Central Government bears the 100 % wage cost of unskilled manual labour.
15.Social Audit has to be done by the Gram Sabha.
16.If any employed person injury under the scheme, free charge medial treatment
will be provided.
17.wage and material ratio 51:49 has to be maintained

12.  Water Conservation and water harvesting
 Drought Proofing
 Irrigation canals including micro and minor irrigation works
 Renovation of traditional water bodies
 Land Development
 Flood control and protection works
 Rural connectivity
 Agriculture related works
 Livestock & Fisheries related work
 Rural drinking water related work
 Rural sanitation related works
Types of work under MGNREGA

22. PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE OF MGNREGA IN MAHARASHTRA
Sr
No
INDICATOT/YEAR 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
1 No of household provided with job card (lakh) 11.6 12.75 14.33 16.98
2 Employment provided to household (lakh) 11.6 12.75 14.33 16.98
3 Total person days generated (lakh) 613.85 763.37 708.99 825.32
4 No of person days generated by SC % 10.12 9.19 8.82 9.68
5 No of person days generated by St % 18.67 19.3 20.25 20.06
6 No of person days generated by women % 43.47 44.52 44.87 45.49
7 Average person days of employment per participating HH 52.93 59.87 49.46 48.62
8 Total no. of household completed
100 days of employment
1,65,373 2,18,390 1,67,832 2,01,459

23. RURAL LIVELIHOOD SECURITY
THROUGH MGNREGA THROUGH
VARIOUS REVIEW

24. Table :5 Distribution of the respondents according to r Impact of MGNREGA on rural livelihood of Eastern Vidarbha
Research Review -1
Parshuramkar (2013)(Dr Pujabrao Deshmukh Krishi vidyapeeth Akola )
Impact of MGNREGA on rural livelihood of eastrn vidarbha
Sr
No
Cultural Empowerment Beneficiaries (n=320)
Before After
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
1 Freedom to purchase food items of linking 193 66.31 236 73.43
2 Greater choice of selecting and wearing of
dresses
140 43.75 207 64.68
3 Betterment in the daily food item s cooked at
home
103 32.10 201 62.81
4 Liberty to attend marriage ceremonies 31 09.69 119 37.18

25. Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National rural employment Guarantee act in India on Rural poverty and food
Security
Karimulaa et al 2013
Research Review -2

27. Impact of Employment Guarantee on livelihood Security Evidence from
the MGNREGA in J & K
Case study -3 Shalla and Fazili 2015

28. MGNREGA: A step towards improving livelihood security of women in rural areas
distribution of respondents on the basis of benefits reported through mgnrega employment/ income (n=100)
Sr.
No
. Items Frequency Percentage
1 Benefits received by the beneficiaries 100 100
2 Benefits reported by the MGNREGA
Increase in income 100 68
Increase in employment 100 37
Improvement family condition 100 70
Housing 100 100
Clothing 100 0
Food 100 99
Child care 100 5
Education 100 92
Social status 100 2
3 MGNREGA help in reducing debt 100 35
4 Creation of community assets
Pond construction 100 50
Road construction 100 50
Asian Journal of Home Science Volume 11 | Issue 1 | June, 2016 TIWARI N. AND VYAS J

29. MGNREGA: A step towards improving livelihood security of women in rural areas
TIWARI N. AND VYAS J
Sr No Items Frequency Percentage
1 Availability of employment in lean season after enrolment in
the in the programme
100 100
2 Availability of 100 days of employment in the year 100 100
3 Benefits of 100 days employment availed 100 50
4 Employment available under the programme ( in a year)
5 80 days 100 15
6 90 days 100 35
7 100 days 100 50
8 Employment available not sufficient 100 50
Distribution of respondents according to the employment generated in the programme (n=100)

30. Distribution of respondents on the basis of reasons for working under MGNREGA (n=100)
Sr No Reason Frequency Percentage
1 To improve economic condition 100 95
2 Availability of employment within 5 km 100 92
3 Employment given in lean season 100 11
4 Unskilled manual work 100 14
5 More facilities to women 100 3
6 Interest 100 1
7 Utilization of leisure time 100 2
8 Can work with house hold work 100 100
9 Can work with agriculture work 100 4
10 Can work with younger children 100 2
MGNREGA: A step towards improving livelihood security of women in rural areas
TIWARI N. AND VYAS J

33. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005
An Act to provide for
the enhancement
of livelihood security of the
households in rural areas of the
country
by providing at least
100 days of legally guaranteed wage
employment in
every financial year to every
household
whose adults volunteer to do
unskilled manual work
33

34. Impact of MGNREGA
Employment provided to
41m Households (upto Jan. 12)
Increase in Wage Income
Reduction in Distress Migration
Enhanced Food Security
Higher Land Productivity
Increase in Wage Rates
Equal Wages for Men and Women
Improvement in Wage Negotiation Power
Financial Inclusion, 100 million institutional
accounts
Insurance of Wage Earners
Major Safety Net
Annual Budget Rs 31000 crores
34

35. Supplementing Employment Opportunities
2015-16
2016-17 2017-18
Employment Provided
48.85crore
households
46 crore
households
45.77 crores
households
Persondays Generated
Rs. 235.14 crore
Rs. 235.64 crore
Rs. 234.26 crores
Women 55.26% Women 53.16% Women 53.46%
Persondays per household
48 days 46 days 45 days
Average wage per personday
Rs. 154.08 Rs. 161.85 Rs.169.46
Total Expenditure
Rs. 44002.59 cr Rs. 58062.92 cr Rs. 64256.56 cr.
Works taken up
123.12. lakh 162.54 lakh 180.68 lakh
35

36. Conclusion
 MGNREGA is really a boon for the rural people
 MGNREGA improves the standard of living of the rural people.
 MGNREGA offers an opportunity to initiate broad based through poverty reducing,
employment generation, and consequences demand expansion
 This legislation has been bringing about a silent revolution in rural areas of the
country
 MGNREGA is a partial victory towards a full‐fledged right to employment
 MGNREGA Act for the first time brings the role of the state as provider of livelihood
within the reach of the participants/beneficiaries themselves

37. REFERENCES
Kareemulla K. .Ramasundaram P, Shalander Kumar and C.A. Rama Rao (2013)
“Impact of National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in India on Rural
Poverty and Food Security Current Agriculture Research Journal ISSN: 2347-
4688, Online ISSN: 2321–9971 Vol. 1(1), 13-28 (2013)
Parshuramkar G.S. (2013) “Impact of MGNREGA on rural livelihood of eastrn
vidarbha “Ph.D. Thesis Dr Punjabrao Deshmukh krishi vidyapeeth Akola
Shala S.A ,Fazili A.I. (2015) impact of employment guarantee on livelihood security:
evidence from the MGNREGA in j&k. Asia Pacific Journal Research
Tiwari N. and Vyas J. (2016) MGNREGA A Step toward improving livelihood Security
of Women in rural areas Asian Journal of Home science volume ii issue i
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