Today's highly turbulent environment calls for quality response from educators. We need to adopt a service orientation while making students engaged in our transactions.

1. Imperatives for Quality of
Education in Digitized
Environment
S G Deshmukh
ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology &
Management, Gwalior
deshmukh.sg@gmail.com
FDP on Quality Higher Education
Amity University MP (AUMP) , Gwalior , 14 Jun 2017

3. Rate of change affected by
 Changing business dynamics
 Technology life cycle
 Governmental regulations
 Ever expanding aspirations of
stakeholders-most importantly students

4. Speaking points..
 Opening remarks..
 Quality –basic premises and connotations
 Prevailing digital environment
 Its implications
 Personal experiences
 Closing remarks..

5. Basic premises
 We in education sector, are in a service
sector !
 Quality of service is very crucial !
 Quality of service is a composite measure
 It is a bundle of so many entities !!!

6.  Quality is driven by a variety of factors…

7. Our job is to..
 Act as knowledge disseminator
 Act as a facilitator to convert this knowledge
into practice !
 Act as a facilitator for betterment of society
at large !

8. All pervading digital environment
 Laptop
 Mobile
 Tablets
 Ipod,MP3, and other
gadgets
 YouTube, Blogger
 SlideShare, Myspace
8
 Social media
 Facebook,
LinkedIn,
 Twitter
 WhatsApp

9. Characteristics of digital
environment
 Ubiquitous
 Mobile
 Lighter and Smaller
 High speed
 Smart
 Multiple functions

10. Digital environment ..
 Available /accessible 24 x 7
 Transparency
 Peer pressure
 Amenable to change ?

11. Disturbing statements..
 Engineering curriculum and the teaching and learning
strategies have been around for over a couple of years.
Unfortunately , engineering faculty today aren’t taught how to
teach ! That’s where pedagogy comes into picture .
 Professor Emeritus Richard Felder:
“Do unto your students as had been done unto you !”
 Typical teaching method : prepare detailed lecture notes,
transcribe them onto the board for students to copy,
sometimes ask questions, occasionally get answers from a
few of the more fearless students, give tests.
Source: http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/

12. What is teaching?
 Teaching is a process intended for
learning by inducing a behavioural change
in the taught.
 It is an art of communicating a message
with impact on audience.
 Where is quality coming into picture ?

13. Teaching-learning affected by
 Interest in subject matter
 Psychology of students
 Mindset of teacher?
 Distractive factors ?
 Psychology of class room?

14. Some assertions..
A1: Good teaching is essential for all. Quality
means “good”
A2: Quality means making the students learn by
stimulating their interest in the topic, by
challenging their capabilities, and by encouraging
active participation and ‘doing’
A3: Learning means more than rote memorization of
facts; hence teachers are expected to enhance students
analytical, critical, and independent thinking abilities.

15. Some assumptions about
teaching
 Teaching is a process not an event
 There is no one right way to teach, but there
are many ways to teach better
 Both teachers AND students are responsible
for learning
 Learning is more likely to occur if the process
has been planned
 Learning occurs best in a relevant context
And most importantly...
 Teachers want to teach better

16. Engagement
 Engagement of students is an issue
 Retention and attention span ?
 Guided by social media
 Peer-to-peer learning ?
 How to create interesting contents and
engage them.
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17. Courses..
 Typical lecture course : 40 Hours
 40 hours x 60 = 2400 minutes
 Typically attention span is 12 minutes
 So 2400/12 = 200 units of attention
 So in a typical course we have about
200 concepts/ideas/units to be delivered
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18. Insights..
 Teacher can not be isolated from
Technology
 Teacher competing with Technology
 OR
 Technology complimenting Teacher ?

19. Learning cycle
COGNITIVE
Domain
Knowing
Knowledge Attitude Practice
PSYCHOMOTOR AFFECTIVE
Domain Domain
Being Doing
TEACHING

20. Types of learning..
 More than one type of learning through three
domains
 Cognitive
 Psychomotor
 Affective
Bloom developed a taxonomy based on the
above..“Allows educators to evaluate learning
of
students systematically [Bloom, 1994]”
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21. Evaluation
Higher
Thought
Processes
Synthesis
Analysis
Application
Comprehension
Knowledge
Bloom’s taxonomy of cognitive
learning skills

22. Bloom’s Taxonomy ..1..
 Knowledge: repeating verbatim(list, state, describe)
 Comprehension: demonstrating understanding of
terms in own words(interpret),
 Application: applying learned information to a problem
(solve, calculate)

23. Bloom’s Taxonomy ..2..
 Analysis: breaking things down into their
elements, formulating theoretical explanations
or mathematical or logical models for
observed phenomena(derive, explain)
 Synthesis: creating something, combining
elements in novel ways(formulate, make up,
design)
 Evaluation: making and justifying value
judgments or selections from among
alternatives(determine, select, critique)

24. Evaluation
Synthesis
Analysis
Application
Comprehension
Knowledge
Creating
Evaluating
Analyzing
Applying
Understanding
Remembering
Original Revised
Noun
Bloom(1956)
Verb
Anderson et al(1990)

25. Cognitive
Domain
Analyzing
Applying
Creating
Evaluating
Remembering
Understanding
Characterizing
by value or value
concept
Organizing &
conceptualizing
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Affective
Domain
Psychomotor
Domain
Articulating
Imitating
Manipulating
Performing
Precisioning

26. Application to Higher
Education
 Creativity is very important.
 Creativity requires higher thought processes (Bloom :items 4-
6: Analysis, Synthesis, Evaluation) [Felder et al., 2004]
 In many cases lectures and homework assignments focus
exclusively on Bloom item 3: Application [Felder et al., 2004]
 Need to include high-level tasks in learning (educational)
objectives

27. Interesting fact..
Teacher learns while
teaching
 Quality enhancement ?
 Practice makes perfect !

28. Quality ingredients.. 1..
 Technology: Technology is the mechanism
that delivers content. It facilitates how
students receive content. It includes Internet
access and hardware, which can be any
Internet access device – from a desktop to a
laptop to an iPad to a smartphone.
Technology is the tool, not the instruction.

29. Idea..
 Democratization of education
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30. Democratization Idea 1:NPTEL

31. Democratization Idea 2: MassiveDemocratization Idea 2: Massive
Open Online Courses (MOOC)Open Online Courses (MOOC)
 A massive open online course is an online
course aimed at unlimited participation
and open access via the web.
 MOOCs are a recent development
in distance education which was first
introduced in 2008 and emerged as a
popular mode of learning!
July 16, 2017 31
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_open_online_course

32. Implications for quality ?

33. Digital disruption..
 “Today, almost in every field, there is a
disruptive digital innovation which has helped
collapse the distribution and delivery channel”:
examples: Flipkart/Snapdeal/Amazon/Netflix
etc.
 Vinayak Garg (Entrepreneur, at a session in
Infotsav, IIITMG, Oct 2015)
33

34. Comment..
 “Everything is connected to everything else “
 Connected world view
 Enabled by intrinsic desire to be “connected”
 Enabled by teaching ?
 Enabled by IT

35. Two views..
 Classical view
 Teaching in
isolation
 Teaching is
compartmentalized
 No sharing
 Student need to be
taught !
 Contemporary view
 Teacher is connected
 Teaching cannot be
done in isolation
 Student as co-producer
 Teaching vs learning
 Teacher techno saavy
 Teacher be connected
to society?

36. Implications for Quality ?

37. What should be our goal?
 Students hearing a concept (through
classroom session/webinar )
 Students seeing a demonstration (through
lab/ Youtube/movie)
 Students doing a problem (paper/pencil)
 Students teaching themselves or
others(through interactive media)/ (peer to
peer group)” Example :AASF forum in IIITM

38. Roles of a teacher
1. Resource provider
2. Instructional
specialist
3. Curriculum
specialist
4. Classroom
supporter
5. Learning facilitator
6. Mentor
7. Leader
8. Data coach
9. Catalysts for change
10. Learner
 Source
http://www.slideshare.net/alexlegar
a1/ten-roles-for-teacher-leaders
38

39. Appreciate multiple roles of
students as..
 consumers,
 consultants,
 partners,
 stakeholders,
 change agents,
 producers,
 researchers,
 apprentices, the list goes on…

40. Prevailing environment
 Digital devises
 Digital technology
 Social media
 Hyper connectedness
 Googalisd world view
 Low attention/retention span
40

41. Challenges …
 Multiple modes of learning
 Not relying on classroom teaching OR teacher
alone..
 Teacher competing with technology
 Constantly bombarded with onslaught of digital
technology
 Teaching vs Learning ?
 Knowledge dissemination vs Knowledge
application
41

42. Engagement
 Typical span is 12 minutes
 A class of say 60 minutes
 One should be able to introduce 5 packets of
concepts/ideas interspersed with multi-media
content
 Make use of
 Youtube videos
 TED talks
 Films/documentary 42

43. Implication : Interactivity
 Interactivity through social media
 Enables to understand student better
 Establishes long term relationships with both
student and teacher
 Helps in understanding student and by
close interaction
43

44. Wisdom in the social crowd:
Quora
 Interesting forum
 As an interaction forum
 As a status symbol for student
community?
 Prolific contributors like:
 Prof Dheeraj Sanghi (IIIT Delhi ) !,
 Dr Awdhesh Singh (ex-IIITM Gwalior)+
134081 followers !
 Quora meet at IIT Kgp (March 2017)

45. Quora
 Quora, it is a “collection of questions and
answers created, edited, and organized by
everyone who uses it.” (About Quora, 2011).
 The site combines the features of an online Q&A
site and those of social media, permitting users to
ask, answer and rate content while also allowing a
community of members to conduct private
communication if they chose to.
 Research Question: How is knowledge
created through CoP on Quora?

46. TED talks..
 TED Talks have been a driving force of inspiration,
information and innovation since their inception in 2006.
Born out of the TED (Technology, Entertainment,
Design) Conference, the talks have become a global, viral
sensation.
 Stephanie Lo, Director of TED-Ed Programs,
advises teachers to use TED videos as a way to
get students thinking. She recommends that
teachers check out Ed.TED.com, which is packed
full of short, animated lessons created specifically
for students.

47. Ted Talks
 Bill Gates on Teaching
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81Ub0SMxZQo
Measures of Teaching (MET) project

48. Ways to Sustain Student
Motivation
Make students partners in the teaching- learning
process. They are co-producers according to
TQM perspective
Be sensitive about student needs.
Provide extrinsic motivation
Allow some quiet time/Time for meditation?

49. Contents.. (through YouTube)
1 What is SCM-1 14 Mumbai dabewalla
2 What is SCM-2 15 E-commerce and SC
3 Three things about SCM 16 Key challenges in SC
4 Logistics and SCM 17 Top 10 innovations in SC
5 Walmart Supply chain 18 Measuring &Managing Performance
6 Fedex Supply Chain 19 SCOR model
7 Bullwhip effect in SCM 20 5 Interesting TED talks
8 Understanding and Optimizing
Inventory
21 36 SCM solutions
9 How Information system affect SC 22 Green SCM
10 Toyota Supply Chain 23 Careers in SCM
11 SCM used by Intel 24 Future of SCM
12 Transportation 25 Funny side of SCM
13 SCM and Transportation Total Duration : about 15 Hours

50. What is SCM..1..
SCM
Supply Chain
Management
 WP carey Business
School of Arizona
State University
 https://www.youtube.c
om/watch?
v=Mi1QBxVjZAw
Duration: 8.04 Minutes

51. Five Interesting TED talks on
SCM
 http://blog.staylinked.com/5-eye-
opening-ted-talks-every-supply-chain-
professional-needs-to-watch
 Total time : about 65 Minutes (each
about 12.5 to 14 Minutes)

52. Observations..
 Connectivity was established
 Adept use of technology bridged the
Generation gap !
 Interesting content motivated students
 Facebook and blogs also helped to extend the
reach of content
 Session interspersed with video content made
the sessions interesting
 It was Model -3 (Student Centric )

53. Insights..`
 Student does not only consume the final product (therefore,
are customers), but also participate in its production (therefore,
is co-producer). Digital environment enables this !
 The student may not be the product. The real product is the
learning of the students and the consequent change in
behavior. That is where outcomes matter !
 Learning as a team effort between teacher and the student.
This is where digitalization helps !
 Jointly, they produce a product that is learning of the student.
Both parties are responsible participants in that process.
Ownership established !!

54. Remarks..
 Both teachers and students construct
knowledge collaboratively and the student is an
active partner in this process.
 Teacher as a guide rather than a sage on the
stage !
 Self-directed and life –long learning
 Teacher's role not extinct but Distinct (Fr Rex
Angelo, 2009)
 Teaching as a reflective practice not a reflex
practice

55. Implication : Interactivity
 Interactivity being more recent in the IT
evolution
 Enables to understand customer (student)
better
 Helps in understanding various features and
add-ons by close interaction
 Feedback through blogging/facebook etc.
55

56. Insights..
 Shift from the perspective of knowledge
giver/sender to the perspective of knowledge
receiver/recipient
 Emphasis on Learning !!!
 People do not select medium BUT they adopt
themselves to medium (Prof N Cho, Hanyang
University, Korea, 2 Jan 2009 at IIITM Gwalior)

57. Acknowledgement
 This presentation is based on discussions
with
 Prof PN Rao, University of Northern Iowa, USA
 http://www.slideshare.net/ramjirao/2015-emerging-trends-in-educationpn-raogwalior
 Prof B N Jain, Ex-VC, BITS Pilani
 Prof Abid Haleem, Jamia Milia
 Dr Jitesh Thakkar, IIT Khargapur
 Prof R P Mohanty, Icfai
July 16, 2017 57

58. https://www.slideshare.net/SanjeevDeshmukh/
Thanks a lot…