KERATOCONUS MADE EASY

1. KERATOCONUS
M.V.S.RAGHAVENDRA

2. INTRODUCTION
NON-INFLAMATORY BILATELAL
ECTATIC(DILATATION OR DISTENSION)
CONDITION
ONSET:PUBERTY
GRADUAL IN PROGRESSION

3. FACTORS RESPONSIBLE
• NOT KNOWN
• THOERIES:
1. DEVELOPMENTAL CONDITION
2. DEGENERETIVE CONDITION
3. HERIDITORY DYSTROPHY
4.ENDOCRINE ANOMOLY
PATHOLOGICAL THINNING ALSO CAN CAUSE

4. CLINICAL FEATURES
SYMPTOMS
• BLURRED
• DISTORTED
• COLOURED HALOS
• GLARE
• PHOTOPHOBIA
• OCULAR IRRITATION
 IRTREGULAR ASTIGMATISM
 MYOPIA
 CORNEAL SCREENING
SIGNS
• WINDOW REFLEX DISTORTED
• PLACIDO
EXAMINATION:IRREGULAR CIRCLES
• FLEISCHER’S RING
• FOLDS IN DM AND BM
• VOGT LINES(DISAPPEAR WITH
EXTERNAL PRESSURE ON GLOBE
• RETINOSCOPY:SCISSOR REFLEX
• OPTHOLMOSCOPY:OIL DROPLET
REFLEX
• MUNSON’S SIGN
• KERATOMETRY:48DTO54D
• CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY

6. PLACIDO DISC EXAMINATION
IRREGULARITY IN CIRCLES

7. MUNSON’S SIGN

8. CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY

9. HOW THE PERSON AFFECTED WITH KERATOCONUS SEES
IT SIMPLY SAYS ALL SYMPTOMS

10. ON RETINOSCOPY:
ALSO CALLED YAWNING REFLEX
IRTREGULAR ASTIGMATISM IS SEEN

11. VOG’S LINES :SEEN IN SLIT LAMP EXAMINATION

12. MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSSIFICATION
1. NIPPLE CONE
2. OVAL CONE
3. GLOBUS CONE

14. TREATMENT
• SPECTALE
• CONTACT LENS
• INTACS
• KERATOPLASTY
• RIBOFLAVIN AND UV-A RAYS