Lathe is one of the most important machine tools in the metal working industry. A lathe operates on the principle of a rotating work-piece and a fixed cutting tool. Lathe machine also called “Engine Lathe” because the first type of lathe was driven by a steam engine

1. LATHE MACHINE
Sagar Joshi
By :-

2. INTRODUCTION
 Lathe is one of the most important machine
tools in the metal working industry. A lathe
operates on the principle of a rotating work-piece
and a fixed cutting tool.
 The cutting tool is feed into the workpiece,
which rotates about its own axis, causing the
workpiece to be formed to the desired shape.
Lathe machine is also known as “the mother/father
of the entire tool family”.

3. HISTORY
 The lathe machine is one of the oldest and most
important machine tools. As early as 1569, wood
lathes were use in France. The lathe machine was
adapted to metal cutting in England during the
Industrial Revolution.
 Lathe machine also called “Engine Lathe” because
the first type of lathe was driven by a steam engine.

4. MAINPARTS
 Lathe Machine is also known as “Centre
Lathe”, because it has two centres between
which the job can be held and rotated.
 THE MAIN PARTS OF CENTRE LATHE
ARE:
I. Bed,
II. Head stock,
III. Tail stock,
IV. Carriage,etc

5. TYPES OF LATHE
 Engine Lathe :
The most common form of lathe, motor driven and comes in
large variety of sizes and shapes.
 Bench Lathe :
Bench lathe is a small lathe machine. Lathe of this type
are used for doing small precision and light jobs.
 Tracer Lathe :
A lathe that has the ability to follow a template to copy a
shape or contour.

6. Automatic Lathe :
A lathe in which the work piece is automatically feed
and removed without use of an operator. It requires
very less attention after the setup has been made and
the machine loaded.
Turret Lathe :
Turret lathe is the adaptation of the engine lathe where
the tail stock is replaced by a turret slide(cylindrical
or hexagonal). This aspect helps in time saving in
changing and setting tools.
Computer Controlled Lathe :
A highly automated lathe, where cutting, loading,
tool changing, and part unloading are
automatically controlled by computer coding.

8. LATHEOPERATIONS
 Turning:
To remove material from the outside diameter of a work-
piece to obtain a finished surface.
 Facing:
To produce a flat surface at the end of the work piece or for
making face grooves.
 Boring:
To enlarge a hole or cylindrical cavity made by a previous
process or to produce circular internal grooves.

9.  Drilling:
To produce a hole on the work-piece.
 Reaming:
To finishing the drilled hole.
 Threading:
To produce external or internal threads on the work-piece.
 Knurling:
To produce a regularly shaped roughness on the work-piece.

10. LATHEOPERATIONS

11. WORKHOLDINGDEVICES
(a) and (b) Schematic illustrations of a draw-in-type
collets. (c) A push-out type collet. (d) Workholding of a
part on a face plate.

12. TYPESOFCHUCK
- Forholding cylindrical stock
centered.
- For facing/center drilling,etc.
Three -Jaw chuck :
Four-Jaw Chuck :
- This is independent chuck
generally has four jaws , which
are adjusted individually on the
chuck face by means of adjusting
screws.

13.  Thin jobs can be held by means of
magnetic chucks.
Collet Chuck :
Magnetic Chuck :
-Collet chuck is used to
hold small workpieces.
-Thin jobs can be held by
means of magnetic
chucks.

14. DANGERS
 Don’t touch cutter or chips while machine is running.
 Make sure work is clamped tightly in chuck or collet.
 Be careful to stay clear of chuck jaws.

15. SAFETY
 All lathe operators must be constantly aware of the
safety.
 Handle sharp cutters, centers, and drills with care.
 Remove chuck keys and wrenches before operating.
 Always wear protective eye protection.
 Always stop the lathe before making adjustments.
 Know where the emergency stop is before operating the
lathe.
 Correct dress is important, remove rings and watches.
 Do not change spindle speeds until the lathe comes to a
complete stop.

16. CAREANDMAINTENANCEOF LATHE
 Lathes are highly accurate machine tools designed to
operate around the clock if properly operated and
maintained. Lathes must be lubricated and checked for
adjustment before operation. Improper lubrication or
loose nuts and bolts can cause excessive wear and
dangerous operating conditions.

17. THANKYOU