3. Burning of bricks
In the process of burning, the dried bricks
are burned either in clamps (small scale)
or kilns (large scale) up to certain degree
temperature. In this stage, the bricks will
gain hardness and strength so it is
important stage in manufacturing of
bricks.
4. .
The temperature required for burning is
about 1100oC. If they burnt beyond this
limit they will be brittle and easy to break.
If they burnt under this limit, they will not
gain full strength and there is a chance to
absorb moisture from the atmosphere.
Hence burning should be done properly
to meet the requirements of good brick.
8. Clamp burning
Trapezoidal shape
End raised at 15º from ground level
Brick wall in mud at short end
Alternate layers of raw bricks and fuels
Fuels- grass, cow dung, wood
Air circulation spaces are provided
Total height of clamp 3 – 4 m
9. .
Plastered with mud on sides and top, filled
with earth to prevent the escape of heat
Burning period = 1to 2 months
Cooling period =1 to 2 months
Burning bricks are taken from the clamp
10. Advantages
Tough and strong bricks
burning and cooling are gradual
Cheap and economical
No skilled labour and supervision
required
Saving of clamps fuel
11. Disadvantages
Bricks are not of required shape
It is very slow process
It is not possible to regulate fire in a
clamp
Quality of brick is not uniform
14. .
A kiln is a large oven to burn bricks
2-3 brick row
Trolleys used for movement of bricks
Loading of kiln with raw bricks
Each door is built up with dry bricks and
are covered with mud or clay
Fire period = 48 to 60 hours
Cool period = 12 days
Bricks are then taken out
15. Advantages of kiln burning
Bricks are evenly burnt
Performance of this kiln is better
Suitable for burning of structural clay tiles,
terra cotta etc..
22. Characteristics of good brick
Free from cracks and have sharp edges
Uniform shape and size
Should give clear ringing sound when
struck each other
Compact and free from voids
No impression when scratched
Low thermal conductivity
23. ..
Bricks should not absorb water when
soaked for 24 hours
1st class → max = 20 percent by weight
2nd class → max = 22 percent by weight
When fall from 1 m height → should not
break
Crushing strength > 55 kg/cm2
Sound proof