ROBOTICS AND MECHATRONICS

1. ROBOTICS
Presented By-
SHIVAM JAISWAL
CADMA, 8TH SEM

2. Contents
1. Introduction
2. Robot anatomy and related attributes
3. Common Robot Configurations
4. Types of Robots
5. Robot Applications
6. Advantages and Disadvantages

3. What is a Robot…?
A re-programmable, multifunctional,
automatic industrial machine designed to
replace human in hazardous work. It can
be used as :-
 An automatic machine sweeper
 An automatic car for a child to play with
 A machine removing mines in a war field
 In military , and many more..

4. What is a Robotics…?
Robotics is science of designing or building an
application of robots. Simply ,Robotics may be
defines as “The Study of Robots”. The aim of
robotics is to design an efficient robot.

5. Why is Robotics needed…?
Robotics is needed because:-
•Speed
• Can work in hazardous/dangerous
temperature
• Can do repetitive tasks
• Can do work with accuracy

6. Robot anatomy and related
attributes
Joints and Links
 The manipulator of an industrial robot consists of a
series of joints and links.
 Robot anatomy deals with the study of different joints
and links and other aspects of the manipulator’s
physical construction.

8. Nearly all industrial robots have mechanical
joints that can be classified into following five
types :-
 Linear joint (type L-joint)
 Orthogonal joint (type U-joint)
 Rotational joint (type R-joint)
 Twisting joint (type T-joint)
 Revolving joint (type V-joint, V from the “v” in
revolving)

10. Common Robot Configurations
 Basically the robot manipulator has two parts viz. a
body-and-arm assembly with three degrees-of-
freedom; and a wrist assembly with two or three
degrees-of-freedom.
 For body-and-arm configurations, different
combinations of joint types are possible for a three-
degree-of-freedom robot manipulator.

11. Five common body-and-arm
configurations are outlined in figure :-
 Polar configuration
 Cylindrical configuration
 Cartesian co-ordinate robot
 Jointed-arm robot
 SCARA

13. Types of Robotics
The most common types of Robots are :-
 Mobile Robots
 Stationary Robots
 Autonomous Robots
 Remote Controlled Robots
 Virtual Robots

14. Mobile Robots
Mobile robots are of two types….
 Rolling robots have wheels to move around.
They can quickly and easily search.
However they are only useful in flat areas.
 Walking robots on legs are usually brought in when
the terrain is rocky. Most robots have at
least 4 legs; usually they have 6 or more.

15. Stationary Robots
Robots are not only used to explore areas or
imitate a human being. Most robots perform
repeating tasks without ever moving an inch.
Most robots are ‘working’ in industry settings
and are stationary.
Autonomous Robots
Autonomous robots are self supporting
or in other words self contained. In a way
they rely on their own ‘brains’.

16. Remote Controlled Robots
A person can guide a robot by remote
control. A person can perform difficult and
usually dangerous tasks without being at the
spot where the tasks are performed.
Virtual Robots
Virtual robots don’t exits In real life. Virtual
robots are just programs, building blocks of
software inside a computer.

17. Industrial Robot Applications:
Figure 7.6.1 shows a diagram which depicts an overview of applications of robots in
manufacturing.

18. Robots are mainly used in three types of
applications :-
 Material Handling
 Processing Operations
 Assembly and Inspection

19. In material handling, robots move parts between
various locations by means of a gripper type end
effector. Material handling activity can be sub divided
into material transfer and machine loading and/or
unloading.
In processing operations, the robot performs some
processing activities such as
grinding, milling, etc. on the workpart. The end effector
is equipped with the
specialized tool required for the respective process. The
tool is moved relative to the
surface of the workpart.

20. Advantages
 Going to far away planets.
 Going far down into the unknown waters and mines where
humans would be crushed.
 Giving us information that humans can't get
 Working at places 24/7 without any salary and food. Plus they
don't get bored
 They can perform tasks faster than humans and much more
consistently and accurately
 Most of them are automatic so they can go around by
themselves without any human interference.

21. Disadvantages
 People can lose jobs in factories
 It needs a supply of power
 It needs maintenance to keep it running .
 It costs money to make or buy a robot

22. Thank You