Predictive Variables of Professionalism among Nurse Educators of Northen Indian States.

1. JOURNAL CLUB PRESENTATION
Topic: Predictive Variables of Professionalism Among
Nurse Educators of Northen Indian States
Authors: Dr.Bharat Pareek*, Dr.Kiran Batra **
*MSc(N), PhD in Psychiatric Nursing, Professor cum Vice Principal at Saraswati
Nursing Institute, Roopnagar, Punjab
**MSc (N), PhD in Medical Surgical Nursing, Professor cum Vice Principal in
Silver Oaks College of Nursing
Journal of Health Education Research & Development Volume 7 ; Issue 2
predictive-variables-of-professionalism-among-nurse-educators-of-nothen-indian-
states.pdf
PRESENTER: Ms Ruchi Rana (Psychiatric Department)

2. OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Background
• Aim
• Introduction on Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan
• Objectives
• Materials and methods
• Findings
• Parameter estimates of predictive variables of
professionalism
• Discussion
• Limitation
• Conclusion

3. TITLE OF THE ARTICLE
Predictive Variables of Professionalism
Among Nurse Educators of Northen
Indian States

4. ABOUT THE ARTICLE
 The article was published in: May 14, 2019
 Article was received on: April 19, 2019
 Article was accepted on: May 06, 2019

5. BACKGROUND
Nurse educators are in the unique position to
inculcate professional values in the education,
practice and also among students*.
Professionalism is the conceptualization of
obligations, attributes, interactions, attitudes, and
role behaviour required of professionals in
relationship to individual clients and to society as
a whole**
*Hodges BD, Ginsburg S, Cruess R, Cruess S, Delport R, et al. (2011) Assessment of professionalism: recommendations from
the Ottawa 2010 Conference. Med Teach 33: 354-363.
**Bang KS, Kang JH, Jun MH, Kim HS, Son HM, et al. (2011) Professional values in Korean undergraduate nursing students.
Nurse Educ Today 31: 72-75.

6. AIM
To determine the predictive variables of
professionalism among nurse educators
working in selected northern Indian states.

7. Present study was conducted in the
three states i.e
Punjab
Haryana
Rajasthan

8. PUNJAB
Punjab is “the land of five rivers”.
Punjab is famous for its oldest and
richest cultures of the world.
Golden Temple, Wagah Border,
Gobindgarh Fort and Jallianwala Bagh
Memorial is the famous place in Punjab.
Bhangra is the traditional dance of
punjab.
Butter Chicken is the king of all
Punjabi dishes.

9. Haryana
• Haryana is famous for its own unique traditional folk music, folk
dances, Phulkari and Shisha Embroidery.
• Mixed Dal is the staple food of Haryana, prepared by mixing four to
five protein rich pulses.

10. Rajasthan
• Rajasthan “Land of Kings”
• Thar Desert is one of the great
Indian Desert in Rajasthan.
• Rajasthan is famous for its
dance and Folk music.
• Dal Bati Churma and Laal Maas
are the famous dishes of the
Rajasthan.

11. Hypothesis
 H1 There is significant association between nurse
educator’s perceived factors influencing
professionalism with their socio- demographic and
organizational characteristics at 0.05 significant level
 H2 There is significant difference between mean score,
level of professionalism among nurse educators from
different states as measured by Flexner criteria of
professionalism at 0.05 level of significance

12. Hypothesis (Cont..)
 H3. There is significant association between
the level of professionalism among nurse
educators with their selected socio-
demographic and organizational characteristics
at 0.05 significant level

13. MATERIALS AND METHODS
• Research Approach-Non Experimental
• Research Design- Descriptive survey design
• Population- Nurse Educators from 37 Nursing
institutions
• Sample Size-343

14. Description of study setting
A total of 37 nursing educational institutions from 24
districts of three states were selected
State District covered (Zone-wise) Govt Pvt. Deemed Total
Punjab
North :- Amritsar, Hoshiarpur,
Central:- Jalandhar, Ludhiana,
Western ;- Faridkot,
Eastern:- SAS Nagar, Rupnagar
South:- Bathinda, Patiala (9 districts)
03 10 1 14
Haryana
North :- Ambala, Panchkula,
Central:- karnal, Panipat
Western ;- Mahendragarh, Rohtak,
Eastern:- Yamunanagar,
South:- Gurugram (8 districts)
Nil 11 1 12
Rajasthan
North :- Sri Ganganagar,
Central:- Jaipur, Ajmer,
Western:- Bikaner,
Eastern:- Alwar,
South:- Kota and Udaipur (7 districts)
02 08 1 11
Total 24 05 29 03 37

15. Description of study setting
District covered
Punjab and Haryana Rajasthan

16. FINDINGS
1. Sample characteristics
• Majority (67.9%) of the survey participants were
female whereas 110 (32.1%) were male.
• Most of the subjects (86.8%) were from medical
background
• More than half (52.18%) were having post graduation
or above degree in nursing.
• Majority (76.0% and 71.72%) completed their final
degree of nursing from private institution and had up
to 5 years of professional experience at their credit
respectively

17. Sample Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria
 Nurse educators who are
graduate or post graduate in
nursing
 Working full time in the INC
recognized degree nursing
colleges since last 3 months
 Both male & female
 Having at-least six months of
teaching experience
 Not willing to participate
 Not present at the time of
data collection

18. FINDINGS (Cont..)
2. Organizational characteristics of study subjects
• Majority of the survey participants 241(70.3%) were working
in the private institutions.
• More than half (51.9%) were working with the institutions
running undergraduate courses (BSc/ Post basic).
• 132(38.5%) were working with institutions running both UG
and PG courses (BSc/ Post basic and MSc Nursing).
• Majority (72.6%) were working in the colleges attached with
parental hospital.
• 102 (29.7%) in the institutions attached with medical colleges.

19. Parameter estimates of predictive variables of
professionalism
• Nurse educators with professional experience more than 08
years are almost four times (Odds Ratio=3.687) more likely to
have higher score as compared to educators with less
experience (P=0.016).
• Educators with higher qualification (M.Sc./PhD Nursing) are
almost eight times (Odds Ratio=7.654) more likely to have
higher score as compared to educators with B.Sc. Nursing
qualification (P=0.000).
• Nurse educators from Punjab are 1.16 times (Odds
Ratio=1.163) more likely to have higher score as compared to
educators from the other states but statistically not significant
(P=0.807).

20. Parameter estimates of predictive variables of
professionalism (Cont..)
• Nurse educators working in deemed university (OR=6.024),
missionary (OR=14.343) and government institutions
(OR=3.473) are more likely to have higher score as compared to
educators of private institutions.
• Nurse educators who are working with the institution having
longer duration of establishment were more likely to have higher
score on criteria of professionalism, even though it was not
statistically significant.

21. Parameter estimates of predictive variables of
professionalism (Cont..)
• Nurse educators working in post graduate institutions are
nearly 3 times (Odds Ratio=2.740) and with PhD institutions
are almost 5 times (Odds Ratio=5.055) more likely to have
higher score as compared to educators working in the
institutions running under- graduate courses (P=0.000**).
• Nurse educators working with the medical college associated
nursing institutions are almost three times (Odds Ratio=2.927)
more likely to have higher score as compared to educators of
other institutions (P=0.031)

22. DISCUSSION
• A cross-sectional descriptive survey was planned to
determine the predictive variables of professionalism
among nurse educators working in selected northern
Indian states of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan by
using maximum variation (judgmental)sampling.
• In this study participants with post graduation or
above degree (M.Sc./ Ph.D) scored high on Flexner
criteria of professionalism.

23. DISCUSSION (Cont..)
• Consistency was observed with the findings of the
study revealed that age of respondents, work setting,
and work experience were significantly correlated
with total professionalism of nurses.
• Likelihood ratio test (logistic regression analysis)
revealed the predictive variables of professionalism
that include professional experience, qualification,
nature of college management and its duration of
establishment, post graduate institutions and
institutions attached with own medical college.

24. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1. Researcher only included nurse educators of degree nursing
educational institutions from selected north Indian states.
2. Despite rigorous research design and maximum variation
sampling, most of the study participants were of young age
and belonged to private organizations thus, findings might
have limited generalizability.
3. More precise measuring instruments, designed to assess
actual professional behavioral characteristics will provide
more information to assess behavioral indicators of
professionalism along with the attributes
4. Predictive variables in this study are able to predict only up
to 54% of the nurse educator’s professionalism hence there
could be some other variables that could not be explored.

25. CONCLUSION
• This study concluded that personal, professional and
organizational factors play very important role in
professional development of nurse educators and
significantly impact their professionalism.
• Predictive variables identified in this study will help
the nursing fraternity to enhance professionalism of
its members.