1. Type of Assessment Purpose Classroom Examples
Diagnostic - usually occurs at the beginning of -Writing Strategies
the school year and before each unit Questionnaire
of study. - Reading
- to determine students' knowledge Interest/Attitude
and skills, their learning needs, and Inventory
their motivational and interest levels.
- provides information essential to
teachers in selecting relevant
learning objectives and in designing
appropriate learning experiences for
all students, individually and as group
members
Formative - to monitor and improve progress (to -teacher observation,
gain an understanding of what questioning, classroom
students know, and don't know, in discussion, writing
order to adapt teaching and future assignments, peer
student learning) assessment ,
portfolios, student
- the information gathered from
interviews, homework
formative assessment is used to
adapt teaching and learning to meet
student needs
Summative - to determine knowledge, skills, -Performance Tasks,
abilities, and attitudes that have Projects,
developed over a given period of time Demonstrations, and
Informal Tests
- to summarize student progress
-Folders and Portfolios
-to report this progress to students,
parents/guardians, and teachers -Observations,
Checklists, and
- occurs most often at the end of a
Anecdotal Records
unit of instruction and at term or year
end when students are ready to -Conversations,
demonstrate achievement of Conferences, and
curriculum objectives. Interviews
-Effective evaluation should:
• reflect the learning objectives
• focus on what students have
learned and can do

2. • be congruent with instruction
and be based on meaningful
tasks
• be based on appropriate
criteria that students know and
understand
• reflect a range of tools and
methods of assessment and
evaluation
• provide multiple opportunities
and ways for students to
demonstrate their learning
• be ongoing and continuous
• inform practice and
instructional decisions
• inform others (e.g., students
and parents) in a clear,
accurate, and practical way.