a descriptive and easy ppt of ornamental plants such as- shades and ornamental trees, cacti succulents, ferns and selaginella, palms and cycads, flowering annuals etc.

1. a. FLOWERING ANNUALS
b. HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS
c. SHADES AND ORNAMENTAL TREES
d. ORNAMENTAL BULBOUS AND FOLIAGE PLANTS
e. CACTI AND SUCCULENTS
f. PALMS AND CYCADS
g. FERNS AND SELAGINELLA

2. TREES AND SHRUBS
TREES- largest plant components of garden and
landscapes.
They differ in stature, branching, habit, girth of trunk, and
branches, canopy structure outline and crown shape, color
of foliage, texture, glaze, shape and size.
Trees are grown for shades, flowers etc.
As avenue they are planted along roadside avenues and
central avenues
Ex. Ficus religiosa, delonix regia, coral wood tree, rain tree,
bird cherry, tree techoma, bauhinia, asokam ,ylang ylang,
parijatham, golden champa,elengi, polyalthia
longifolia,bauhinia

3. Flowering annuals
Annuals- are the group of plants which grow from
seed, flower and dies within one year or one season
Average duration of annual flowering plants is around
2 months
They have the shorter vegetative phase followed by a
period of continuous flowering which lasts for several
weeks
They provide a beautiful display of colors in a garden

4. Plur annuals
 They are perennials
 But flower in the first year and do not survive usefully
another year

5. Functions of annuals
1. They can be grown in ground or as a potted plants
2. They bring mobility in a garden
3. They can be grown individually or with perennials as mixed
borders
4. Can be grown in cool greenhouse almost throughout the year
5. Used to fill gaps in the new garden, till permanent features
such as shrubbery/ trees are established
6. Climbing annuals like sweet pea, nasturtium and morning
glory are suitable for covering trellises, fences, and old tree
stumps.
7. Suit very well for rock gardens
8. Annuals like candytuft, nasturtium, petunia, phlox, portulaca,
verbena, zinnia, can be grown in window boxes and hanging
baskets.

6. Classification of annuals
Based on seasons during they grow
WINTER ANNUALS
Sowing time- january-
june
Ex. Antirrhinum, china
aster, ageratum,
carnation, calendula,
dianthus, nasturtium,
salvia
SUMMER ANNUALS
Sowing time-
september-october
Ex. Cosmos, portulaca,
sunflower,
tithonia,zinnia
RAINY SEASON
ANNUALS
Sowing time- break of
monsoon
Ex. Balsam,
cockscomb,gomphrena,
marigold

7. Classification of annuals based on area
of cultivation
HARDY ANNUALS
They need no
artificial aid for
growth and flowers
freely open
HALF HARDY
ANNUALS
They need sowing
under glass, but are
later planted out in
bed
TENDER
ANNUALS
They are cultivated
under glass,
protected from
adverse weather
conditions

8. Cultural practices
• Operation of transferring young seedlings to another
pan or tray
• The seedlings are pricked by a pointed stick
pricking
• Seedlings are transplanted one month after sowing
when they develop 4 leaves
• It is done on cool cloudy day or in evening
• The beds for transplanting are ploughed ,enriched with
well rotten cow dung and superphosphate/bone meal
transplanting
• After transplanting light watering daily
• Thereafter flood the beds first and weeding and
hoeing is done after couple of days when soil is just
moist then allowed to dry before next flooding
Water

9. • Cow dung+ ammonium phosphate+
superphosphate+ dissolved in water is allowed to
ferment and then diluted and applied
Nutrient
management
• Plants with weak , slender or straggling stems
need staking. Done by split bamboos, painted
green which help to conceal them among plants
• Seedlings need pinching at this stage
• Number of buds per stem can be reduced by
disbudding the axillary buds
Staking,
pinching,
disbudding

10. Popularly grown flowering annuals
1. China aster
2. Cockscomb
3. Cosmos
4. Sunflower
5. Globe amaranth
6. Balsam
7. Star flower
8. Petunia
9. Zinnia
10. marigold

11. Herbaceous perennials
 Plants with soft stem that cannot be included in shrub
group are termed as herbaceous perennials
 They live year after year
 Propagated through seeds, offset, cuttings etc.

12. Classification based on
climatic requirements
HERBACEOUS
PERENNIALS FOR
PLAINS
Ex. Aster, coreopsis,
gerbera, mirabilis
Jalapa, viola, salvia,
platycodon
HERBACEOUS
PERENNIALS FOR
HILLS
Ex. Achilles,
gazania, lupines,
dianthus,
chrysanthemum

13. Herbaceous foliage plants
 Shade loving herbaceous perennials grown for their
ornamental foliage
1. Aglaonema
2. Alocasia
3. Calathea
4. Spider plant
5. Coleus
6. Ribbon grass
7. rhoeo

14. Palms
 It belongs to family palmae/arecaceae used in
landscaping
 Linnaeus called them as princes of the vegetable
kingdom

15. Classification of palms based
on characteristic of fronds
FEATHER LEAVED PALMS
Have larger/heavy leaves with
free leaflets popularly
displayed in gardens and
landscapes
Mostly used as specimens in
lawns and for avenue planting
Ex. Golden cane palm, sealing
wax palm, royal palm,
FAN LEAVED PALMS
Are fully/partially united
leaflets ideal for container
growing
Used for decorating landing
of staircases, verandas, indoor
etc.
Ex. Table palm, Chinese fan
palm, rattan cane palm

16. Cycads
 Belongs to family cycadaceae
 Look like palms but have no botanical relationship
with them
 They are slow in growth, prefer partial shade, and are
grown in ground or as protected plants.
 Leaves are long lasting and ornamentals and are used
for table decoration
 Propagation is from seeds, suckers
 Ex. Fern palm, sago palm.

17. Cacti
 Belong to cactaceae
 They are hardy perennials with xerophytic adaptations and
are characterized by the presence of areoles or spine
cushions on the plant body.
 Found in tropical deserts and in rocky and sandy areas
having low surface moisture levels.
 Cacti usually bloom annually .
 They do not have leaves.
 Along with cacti, succulents are grown in open situations
in pots or in rockery.
 Cacti have globular/ columnar structures from where
spines, hair and flowers grow out

18. Succulents
 They have fleshy leaves with plenty of water holding
tissues, often reduced in size covered with thick epidermis,
with only a few stomata and are often coated with
whitish/bluish hairs
 All cacti are succulents storing water in their leaves, stem,
root enabling them to survive drought.
 Some succulents do not have areoles and are not cacti.
 Originated from hot and arid or semi arid regions of Asia,
Africa, and America
 Propagated from vegetative buds, cuttings and by grafting
 Container filled with gravel+ sand+ cow dung and broken
brick bits
 Watering done sparsely

19. Common cacti grown in gardens
1. Old man cactus
2. Curiosity plant
3. Golden barrel
4. Powder puff
5. Bunny ears

20. Common succulents grown in
gardens
1. Desert rose
2. Adams needles
3. Aloes
4. Furcraea
5. Snake plant
6. Kalanchoe
7. Pedillanthus

21. Ferns
 Shade loving plants grown for their ornamental foliage
 Primitive plants
 Shade loving plants adapted to cool and moist
situations or hot and humid tropical climates
 Most of them are terrestrial, few epiphytic, some are
aquatic
 Most of them are container grown in media having
topsoil, sand and leaf compost in equal proportion

22. Common ferns grown
1. Bird’s nest fern
2. Hare’s foot fern
3. Sword fern
4. Stag horn fern
5. Maiden hair fern

23. Selaginella
 Belong to family selaginellaceae
 Are also called club moss having small scale like leaves
and are prostrate or climbing annuals good for carpet
beds
 Shade loving and moisture loving they are planted In
the shaded corners /low lying areas of gardens and
have the same use as ferns

24. Common selaginellas grown
1. Cut leaf club moss
2. Blue green club moss
3. White leaf club moss

25. Bulbous ornamentals
 Refers to plants that are propagated by bulbs and other
underground structures like corms, tubers, rhizomes
and fasciculate roots
 Have three stages- growth the growing, blooming and
the resting periods.
 After flowering the bulbous plants enter into period of
rest. At this time the bulbs are taken out and stored
 After 3-4 months the bulbs start to swell and put forth
new shoots when they are ready to planting

26. Common bulbous plants
1. Gladiolus
2. Temper lily
3. Tube rose
4. Dahlia
5. Canna
6. Ginger lily
7. Calla lily
8. tulip

27. Orchids
 Famous for long lasting characteristics and bewitching
beauty
 They are valued as cut flowers and potted plants and
are most pampered plants
 Important orchids- aerides, arachnids, Vanda,
rhyncostylis, dendrobium, oncidium,cattleya,
cymbidium