1. Which of the following is a characteristic of specific to corpora.pdf

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1. Which of the following is a characteristic of specific to corporations? A. Double taxation B. Mutual agency C. Unlimited liability D. One or more owners; 2. A stock dividend: A. decreases Common Stock. B. increases Total Equity. C. decreases Total Equity. D. decreases Retained Earnings. Solution 1 Double taxation is a characteristic of specific to corporations. Option A is correct 2 A stock dividend decreases Retained Earnings. Option D is correct.

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Compare and contrast the physical characteristic of protozoans, yeast, and algae. Solution Protozoans Most of the protozoans possess the size range of 10 to 52 micrometers. They can also grow as large as 1mm and are visible through the microscope. They were previously included in the Protista family. Protozoans live in the aqueous environments and soil that range widely in the trophic levels. They move with flagella, cilia or pseudopodia. Protozoans absorb food through cell membranes. Sporozoans are non-motile forms. Amoeba is the protozoan which does not have structural components in its cell membrane. Protozoans are eukaryotic and possess developed organelles. Their cells do not possess cell walls. Yeast Some of the dry yeasts that are utilized in the alcoholic fermentation and baking are the agglomerates of dehydrated cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The powders prepared from the different yeasts vary in terms of the genetic strain and their specificity in the industrial application. The physical characteristics of these yeast powders differ. The powders of wine yeasts and dry baker’s yeast exposed to different levels of relative humidity are identified with the help of electron microscopy and mechanical analysis. The physical characteristics of the yeasts that were used to differentiate them include loose bulk density, compressibility, cohesion, recoverable work in compression, angle of internal friction, and residual asymptotic modulus after stress relaxation. Algae Algae are plants that do not have clear distinction in true roots, stem and leaves. They bear unicellular or multicellular sex organs that are visible outside. Algae live in aquatic, fresh water and marine water habitats. Algae that are terrestrial live in the soil, rocks, tree trunks and so on. Halophytic algae live in saline waters, epizoic algae grow on snails and fish. Endozoic algae live inside the animals and symbiotic algae live in association with the fungi, bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms. There are unicellular or colonial forms of algae or thallus. They exist as filaments, siphons, and parenchymatous forms. The various pigments present in the algae include chlorophyll, carotenoids and phycobilins. The reserved food materials of different algae include cyonophycean starch, starch, floridean starch, laminarin and mannitol. Size of unicellular alga is about 3micrometers. Multicellular algae vary in their size from 50micrometers to 1mm..

Compare and contrast the physical characteristic of protozoans, yeas.pdf

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What does the fossil record of Basilosaurid whales tell us about whale evolution? Solution Early whales,like Basilosaurus have tailfins.Such skeletal changes that accommodate an aquatic lifestyle are especially pronounced in basilosaurids.Their elbow joints were able to lock,allowing the forelimb to serve as a better control surface and resist the oncoming flow of water as the animal propelled itself forward.The hindlimbs of these animals were almost nonexistent.They were so tiny but well-formed hind legs of basilosaurids were probably used as claspers when mating.The pelvic bones associated with these hind limbs were not connected to the vertebral column as they were in protocetids.They were fully recognizable whales which lived entirely in the ocean.This is supported by their fossils usually found in deposits indicative of fully marine environments.The fossilised stomach contents in one basilosaurid indicates that it ate fish.From the ear bones to the ankle bones,whales belong with the hippos and other artiodactyls.Basilosaurid are the intermediates between the Ambulocetus and the modern whales..

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The hardenability curves of several iron alloys are shown in the figure below. In terms of alloying additions, 1040<5140<8640<4140<4340. Explain briefly the effect of alloying addition to the hardenability of the iron alloys. Solution The image is not uploaded sir, you can repost including the image. for the effect of alloying addition to the hardenability of the iron alloys: Iron is a great buildingmaterial but steel (an alloy made by adding small amounts of nonmetallic carbon to iron) is stronger, harder, and rustproof. Aluminum is a very light metal but it\'s also very soft in its pure form. Add small amounts of the metals magnesium, manganese, and copper and you make a superb aluminum alloy called duralumin, which is strong enough to make airplanes. There are two mechanisms that can cause an alloy to form, called atom exchange and the interstitial mechanism. The relative size of each element in the mix plays a primary role in determining which mechanism will occur. When the atoms are relatively similar in size, the atom exchange method usually happens, where some of the atoms composing the metallic crystals are substituted with atoms of the other constituent. This is called a substitutional alloy. With the interstitial mechanism, one atom is usually much smaller than the other, so cannot successfully replace an atom in the crystals of the base metal. The smaller atoms become trapped in the spaces between the atoms in the crystal matrix, called the interstices. This is referred to as an interstitial alloy. Steel is an example of an interstitial alloy, because the very small carbon atoms fit into interstices of the iron matrix that\'s what makes it more hard Sulfur, when present, forms iron sulfide, which prevents the formation of graphite and increases hardness. The problem with sulfur is that it makes molten cast iron viscous, which causes short run defects. To counter the effects of sulfur, manganese is added because the two form intomanganese sulfide instead of iron sulfide. The manganese sulfide is lighter than the melt so it tends to float out of the melt and into the slag. The amount of manganese required to neutralize sulfur is 1.7 × sulfur content + 0.3%. If more than this amount of manganese is added, then manganese carbide forms, which increases hardness andchilling, except in grey iron, where up to 1% of manganese increases strength and density Titanium is added as a degasser and deoxidizer, but it also increases fluidity. 0.15–0.5% vanadium is added to cast iron to stabilize cementite, increase hardness, and increase resistance to wear and heat. 0.1–0.3% zirconium helps to form graphite, deoxidize, and increase fluidity.[3] In malleable iron melts, bismuth is added, on the scale of 0.002–0.01%, to increase how much silicon can be added. In white iron, boron is added to aid in the production of malleable iron; it also reduces the coarsening effect of bismuth.

The hardenability curves of several iron alloys are shown in the fig.pdf

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The de Broglie relationships are both valid for bloch electrons. Ture of False (explain). Solution Yes true , Bohrs model failed to explain many concepts such as the spectrum of different atoms and splitting of spectral lines in magnetic and electric field. To overcome the shortcomings of Bohr’s atomic model many attempts were made to develop a more general model for atoms. One of those development is de Broglie relationships. De Broglie proposed that as light exhibits both wave and particle like properties. And also the de Broglie relationships are both valid for bloch electrons..

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Based on taxonomical classification, to which of the following organisms is the clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) most closely related evolutionary? Humans (Homo saplens):phylum: Chordata, class: Mammalia The moon jellyfish (Aurelia aurita): kingdom: Animalia phylum: Cnidaria The sea anemone. Heteractis crispa. kingdom: Animalia, phylum: Cnidaria The phytoplankton Micromonas pusilla: domain: Eukarya; kingdom: Protista The common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis, kingdom. Animalia. phylum. Mollusca Solution Answer: Humans (Homo sapiens), Phylum: Chordata, Class: Mammalia Because: Clownfishes are fishes of the subfamily \"Amphiprioninae\" which belongs to the family \"Pomacentridae\". Phylum: Chordata So closely related with human..

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Answer choices are: Internalized Principle, Societal Expectations, Self-Interest 2. 3. Answer choices are: Principles of individual rights, Principle of long-term self interest, Principle of utilitarian benefits Solution 1. ( A ) Self Interest (B) Societal Expectations (C) Internalized Principle 2. conventional 3. (A) Principles of individual rights (B) Principles of Long term self interest (C) Principles of utilitarian benefits.

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A man with Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) is found to be colour-blind (an X-linked recessive phenotype). Both his parents had normal vision. a) Explain the stimultaneous origin of Klinefelter syndrome and color blindness by the abnormal behaviour of chromosome at meiosis. b) Can your explanation distinguish whether the abnormal chromosomal behaviour occured at the first or second division of meiosis? Solution The question it self is a blender. Because, if the parents have normal vision, In of XXY, the Y chromosome came from father. The two X chromosomes might came from mother. Here the Mother had normal vision means she might act as a carrier (Xx). The the same is present in the a man with Klinefelter syndrome the genotype would me XxY. Due to presence of Normal X chromosome surely he should have a normal vision. There is an another chance, that the X chromosome might came form father along with Y chromosome, at this chance the father should have color blindness. But here the father had normal vision. So Check your question once and get me back..

A man with Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) is found to be colour-blind (a.pdf

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5) What is the dependent variable measured in the BOD test? (Explain how you reach your conclusion) 6) The BOD test is an indirect measure of the concentration of organic biodegradable materials in a wastewater. Explain in which way is considered an \"indirect\" Solution 1. BOD is not a specific pollutant. BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required by bacteria and other microorganisms to oxidize any organic matter in the water biochemically. BOD analysis dose not oxidize all of the organic matter present in the waste. Only the organics that are biochemically degradable during the standard 5 day time are oxidized. A very low mount of BOD would indicate either clean water, or that the available microorganisms are uninterested in consuming the available organic compounds, or that the microorganisms are dead or dying. Temperature has a pronounced effect on oxygen uptake, because metabolic activity increases significantly at higher temperature. The time allotted for the test is also important, since the amount of oxygen used increases with time. Light is also an important variable since most natural waters contain algae and oxygen that can be replenished in the bottle if light is available. And the all that is depending on the temperature and and the amount of organic content is Oxygen so it is the dependent variable . 2.The BOD test is considered as indirect measure of organic biodegradable matter because in this test we are not going to test and examine the type and concentration of each organic matter by directly , by measuring the oxygen demand we can easily find the concentration of biodegradable organic matter.

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3. Discuss the 10 most Important Website Attributes. Solution Most important attributes of website Performance : Ease of Navigation and speed are the most important attributes for website performance according to a September, 2015 survey of 2,044 US Internet users, ages 18 and older, conducted by The Harris Poll for Soasta. More than three-quarters of those surveyed said that website navigation was the most important attribute followed by speed, reliability, and responsiveness, While there are some internet users who seek a tailored and personalized experience, a user- friendly interface is more appealing to the majority of users..

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RAREST Method Write a method rarest that accepts a map whose keys are strings and whose values are integers as a parameter and returns the integer value that occurs the fewest times in the map. If there is a tie, return the smaller integer value. If the map is empty, throw an exception. For example, suppose the map contains mappings from students\' names (strings) to their ages (integers). Your method would return the least frequently occurring age. Consider a map variable m containing the following key/value pairs: Three people are age 20 (Jeff, Kasey, and Kim), two people are age 22 (Alyssa and Stef), and four people are age 25 (Char, Dan, Mogran, and Ryan). So a call of rarest(m) returns 22 because only two people are that age. If there is a tie (two or more rarest ages that occur the same number of times), return the youngest age among them. For example, if we added another pair of Kelly=22 to the map above, there would now be a tie of three people of age 20 (Jeff, Kasey, Kim) and three people of age 22 (Alyssa, Kelly, Stef). So a call of rarest(m) would now return 20 because 20 is the smaller of the rarest values. Solution Rarest Method: Algorithm: Input: Key value pairs as a dictionary Expected output: Least frequent value from key value pairs We see that \'22\' has occurred twice, and \'25\' four times. Now we have to find it using out algorithm: Now, we have the following values in \'min_age\' and \'frequency\' variables: min_age = 22 frequency = 2 If we add kelly to the initial key value pair, we will get the min_age as 20 and frequency as 3 as expected. The following python code can be referred to understand the algorithm: def rarest(d): age_count = {} for key,value in d.items(): if value in age_count: age_count[value]+=1 else: age_count[value]=1 min_age=0 freq=0 for key,value in age_count.items(): if freq==0: freq=value min_age=key elif freq>value: freq=value min_age=key elif freq==value: if min_age>key: min_age=key return min_age,freq,frd d={\'Alyssa\':22, \'Char\':25, \'Dan\':25, \'Jeff\':20, \'Kasey\':20, \'Kim\':20, \'Mogran\':25, \'Ryan\':25, \'Stef\':22} r = rarest(d) print(r).

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Nosocomial infections are acquired at various social events. are acquired while in the hospital. occur because of a susceptible population and presence of disease causing organisms. are acquired without any human contact. are acquired while in the hospital AND occur because of a susceptible population and presence of disease causing organisms. Solution These are mainly hospital acquired infections caused by viral fungal or bacterial pathogens. Main types are blood stream infections, urinary tract infections, surgical site infections. Means the last option is most suitable for this ques.. i.e. Acquired while in hospital and occur becoz of a susceptible population and presence of disease causing organism.

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Mitochondria were most likely acquire earlier than plastids in the evolution of eukaryotes. Give one piece of evidence in support of that statement? Solution Mitochondrial origin is monophyletic (from common ancestor). Their free living ancestors Cyanobacteria was in existence before proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria is much older in evolution. Mitochondria present in all organisms who has Chloroplast but reverse is not true. Case of endosymbiosis of a chloroplast like organelle (spheroid bodies) in the named diatom Rhopallodia gibba which already has a secondary plastid shows secondry endosymbiosis but this kind of any case is not reported for mitochondria..

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1. Martin would say that in a society with ample protection for whistle blowers that _________. a. Engineers have the same prima facie obligation to blow the whistle as they would in a society where whistleblowers are not as strongly protected (because the obligation is independent of factors such as legal protection for whistleblowers). b. Engineers have a much weaker prima facie obligation to blow the whistle than they would in a society where whistleblowers are not as strongly protected. c. Engineers have no obligation to blow the whistle because the prima facie obligation is contextually dependent (and factors such as legal protections are contextually relevant). d. Engineers have a stronger prima facie obligation to blow the whistle than they would in a society where whistleblowers are not as strongly protected. 2. Martin argues that the fact that whistleblowing may involve great personal sacrifice on the part of an engineer means that engineers do not have a responsibility to blow the whistle (instead the responsibility rests with managers because it is part of their professional role to manage moral conflicts.) a. true b. false 3. Martin Argues that Whistle blowing is a prima facie responsibility for engineers because they are people with moral rights. a. true b. false 4. Helen is a engineer at a large chemical plant. She has some reason to believe that the plant manager is knowingly violating local environmental laws by encouraging unsafe dumping practices. Some relevant facts about Helen\'s situation are as follows: I) She does have reasonable documentation of the plant managers behavior II) She has not yet gone through any of the normal organizational channels in order to resolve the conflict III) She has a reason to think that the unsafe dumping practice pose a serious threat to public health and safety According to Martin\'s view, does Helen have a prima facie responsibility to blow the whistle? a. Yes, she does have an prima facie obligation to blow the whistle, but not a strong one (because she cannot be 100% sure that the dumping practices constitute a serious moral issue.) b. No, she does not have a prima facie obligation to blow the whistle because whistle blowing is always supererogatory. c. Yes, in light of the fact that the dumping practices pose a serious (and credible) threat, she does have a prima facie obligation to blow the whistle. d. No, she does not have a prima facie obligation to blow the whistle because her situation as described does not meet the minimal standards for the obligation to hold. 5. Which of the following situations exemplifies what Martin meant by saying that an engineer\'s obligation to blow the whistle is sensitive to context? a. That morality itself is subjective because there is no objective answer to the question of when we ought to blow the whistle. b. That moral decisions regarding whistle blowing are completely determined by what professional organizations say about it. c. That what counts .

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MULTIPLE CHOICE : CHOOSE RIGHT ANSWER. I GOT MOSTLY WRONG ANSWERS PLEASE HELP ME 15. Which of the following is an advantage of using molecular characters over others when studying phylogenetic relationships? a. There are four character states of DNA. b. DNA base substitutions may evolve independently in different species. c. Some DNA sequences are strongly conserved by natural selection. d. Even if there are few morphological differences, molecular characters can still be used. e. Different molecules have the same rate of evolutionary change. 16. Uniformitarianism means that a. geological processes are very slow and gradual. b. biological processes are uniform. c. geological processes that took place in the past continue to occur in the present, and at the same rate. d. evolution proceeds at a uniform speed. e. natural selection is uniform across different groups. 17. You removed a Pax-6 gene from a mosquito larva and replaced it with a spider Pax-6 gene. Most likely the mosquito larva will a. not develop any eyes. b. develop spider eyes. c. develop eyes with some intermediate characters between those of spiders and those of mosquitoes. d. develop typical mosquito eyes. e. develop eyes in unusual body parts. 18. Members of the cactus family resemble some Euphorbiaceae in many regards, both morphologically and physiologically. The reason for this similarity is a. that the two families are closely related. b. that they possess identical Hox genes. c. that they both live in a very similar environment. d. that they both grow in Australia. e. a coevolution of these two families. 19. The first person to suggest a comprehensive theory of evolution was a. Darwin. b. Wallace. c. Lyell. d. Lamarck. e. Linnaeus. 20. Relatively old fossils will have a. a high amount of 12C. b. a low amount of 12C. c. a low amount of both 12C and 14C. d. a high amount of 14C compared to living organisms. e. a low amount of 14C compared to living organisms. 21. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which bacteria cope with antibiotics? a. The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria may prevent antibiotics from entering the cell. b. Antibiotics are stored away in a vacuole. c. A bacterial enzyme may break down the antibiotic. d. A pump mechanism moves antibiotics out of the cell. e. Bacteria produce molecules that bind to the antibiotic. 22. Which of the following terms would you associate with quorum sensing? a. phototrophs b. endotoxins c. antibiotic resistance d. nitrogen fixation e. biofilms 23. Nitrification is the process by which a. elementary nitrogen is converted to nitrates. b. nitrates are converted to ammonium. c. nitrites are converted to ammonium. d. nitrites are converted to nitrates. e. nitrates are converted to elementary nitrogen. 24. Bacteria that are poisoned by oxygen are called a. aerobes. b. facultative anaerobes. c. obligate anaerobes. d. chemotrophs. e. none of the above. 25. Which of the following groups have no peptidoglycan in their cell .

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