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1. The Human Anatomy
Human Anatomy a complementary basic medical science is primarily the scientific study of the
morphology of the adult human body .Anatomy is subdivided into gross anatomy and
microscopic anatomy. Gross ana-tomy is the study of anatomical structures that can be
seen by unvision. Microscopic anatomy is the study of minute anatomical structures assis-ted
with microscopes, which includes histology and cytology. Anatomy, physiology and
biochemistry are complementary basic medical sciences which are usually taught together.
The Muscular System
The Muscular system is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their predominant
function is contractibility. Muscles, where attached to bones or internal organs and blood
vessels, are responsible for movement. Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle
contraction. Exceptions to this are the action of cilia, the flagellum on sperm cells, and
amoeboid movement of some white blood cells.
Parts of the Muscular System:
Deltoid muscle
Deltoid Muscle
- muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder.The deltoid is a frequent site to administer
intra-muscular injections.
- a large triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint and serving to abduct and flex and extend
and rotate the arm.
Flexors muscle
Flexor Muscle
- a muscle that serves to flex or bend a part of the body.
- a muscle that when contracted acts to bend a joint or limb in the body.
Chest muscle
Chest
- upper body: the part of the body between the neck and the stomach, covering the ribs and the
organs that the ribs enclose
Abdominal muscle
The abdominal muscles support the trunk, allow movement and hold organs in place by
regulating internal abdominal pressure.
Quadriceps muscle
Quadriceps
- a large four-part muscle at the front of the thigh that acts to extend the leg
- a large muscle in front of the thigh, the action of which extends the leg or bends the hip joint.
Biceps muscle
Biceps Muscle
- Either oftwo flexor muscle, the one located in front of the upper arm and assisting in bending
the arms,and the one located on the back of the tigh and assisting in bending the leg.

2. The Skeletal System
The Skeletal system serves many important functions; it provides the shape and form for our
bodies in addition to supporting, protecting, allowing bodily movement, producing blood for the
body, and storing minerals.
FUNCTIONS:
Its 206 bones form a rigid framework to which the softer tissues and organs of the body are
attached. Vital organs are protected by the skeletal system. The brain is protected by the
surrounding skull as the heart and lungs are encased by the sternum and rib cage.
Bones serve as a storage area for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. When an excess
is present in the blood, buildup will occur within the bones. When the supply of these minerals
within the blood is low, it will be withdrawn from the bones to replenish the supply.
Parts of the Skeletal System:
Skull
Rib cage
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Fibula
Tibia
Femur
Patella
Pelvis
Spine
Clavicle
The Circulatory System
The circulatory system is made up of your heart and blood vessels. Blood vessels are flexible, hollow
tubes. The heart pumps blood through blood vessels. It sends blood to your lungs to pick up oxygen.
It pumps blood out to all parts of your body. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood
out to your body. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood back to your heart. The blood vessels near
your heart are thick. Farther from your heart, the blood vessels are smaller.
The tiniest blood vessels are called Capillaries. Capillaries go all through your body. They give up
oxygen and nutrients that your body needs. They carry away waste products.
Capillaries-an extremely narrow thin-walled blood vessel that connects small arteries arterioles with
small veins venules to form a network throughout the body

3. Arteries
- carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the
fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood.
Veins
- carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. They are the only veins in the
post-fetal human body that carry oxygenated (red) blood.
Heart
- the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. In the human
heart there is one atrium and one ventricle for each circulation, and with both a systemic and a
pulmonary circulation there are four chambers in total: left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium and right
ventricle.