2. INTRODUCTION
Intelligence is a capacity to learn and understand.
The term ‘ General Intelligence’ was defined by Spearman in 1923
It means there are various types of intelligence which separates one from
another.
Burt (1955) called it innate, general, cognitive ability and the ability to
solve problems or to create products that are valued.
It is a way of acting in a situation.
It differs from individual to individual.
Continued….
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3. CONCEPT
This is an attempt to clarify and organise the idea of intelligence.
The concept of intelligence can be defined as an ability to learn from
experience, solve problems and use our knowledge to adapt to new situations.
LEARN
RECOGNIZE PROBLEMS
SOLVE PROBLEMS
Intelligence involves some different mental abilities including logic, reasoning,
problem solving and planning
Intelligence is an abstract subject. It is at best , a set of behaviours.
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4. DEFINITIONS OF INTELLIGENCE
According to Woodworth :
“Intelligence is a way of acting.”
According to Stern :
“Intelligence is the general adaptability to new problems of life.”
According to Welles :
“Intelligence means precisely the power of so recombining our behaviour pattern
so as to act better in novel situations .”
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5. According to Terman :
“Intelligence is the ability to think in terms of abstract idea.”
According to David Wechsler :
“Intelligence is the aggregate or global capacity of an individual to act purposefully, to
think rationally and to deal effectively with his environment.”
According to E. Thorndike :
“Intelligence is the power of good response from the point of view of truth and fact.”
According to Spearman :
“ Intelligence is the rational thinking.”
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6. NATURE OF INTELLIGENCE
The following are the characteristics of Intelligence:
It is an inborn, natural power and is not acquired.
It differs from person to person.
It helps a person to understand and solve many problems and adjust
to situations in life.
Hereditary exercises a good deal of influence on intelligence.
Enviroment, training or education effect intelligence.
There is no difference in intelligence due to difference in gender.
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7. Socio-economic and Cultural factors as well as rural/urban factors result in differences in
intelligences
Intelligence and creativity are correlated.
Intelligence differs from knowledge.
Intelligence increases upto a certain age, whereas knowledge increases
upto death.
Intelligence is Normally distributed in population.
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8. CONCLUSION
In education, intelligence is the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new
or challenging situations.
In psychology the term may more specifically denote the ability to apply
knowledge to manipulate one’s environment or to think abstractly as measured
by objective criteria (such as the IQ test).
The subject remains hotly debated.
General intelligence is often said to comprise various specific abilities but critics
contend that such compartments fail to reflect the nature of cognition and that
other models, perhaps based on information processing, are needed.
High intelligence (as measured by tests) is sometimes shown to correlate with
social achievement, but most experts believe other factors are important and
that intelligence is no guarantor of success.
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