2. SUBMITTEDTO :
MRS LEHALI BALA
SUBJECT COORDINATOR
COMMUNICATION, EDUCATIONAND
TECHNOLOGY
SUBMITTED BY :
NEETU KUMARI
ROLL NO. – 12
SHIWANI KUMARI
ROLL NO. – 37
2nd year Basic BSC Nursing, College of
nursing, RIMS, RANCHI
3. CONTENTS
■ Objectives
■ Introduction
■ Definition
■ Purpose
■ Principle
■ Steps of lesson plan
■ Advantage of lesson plan
■ Limitation of lesson plan
■ Characteristics of good lesson
■ Approaches to lesson plan
■ Resources used
■ Bibliography
4. OBJECTIVES
Presenting Information Clearly And In An Organized Manner.
Uses Learner Centered Activities.
Begins Class On Time.
Integrating Scans Strategies.
Displaying Objectives.
Planning Lessons Based On Learner Goals And Needs
Assessment.
Teaching is an Environment which is Comfortable For Learning.
5. INTRODUCTION
A Lesson Plan is a Teacher's Detailed Description Of the
course of Instruction or "Learning Trajectory" for a lesson.
A Daily Lesson Plan is Developed by a Teacher to
Guide class Learning.
A Lesson Plan is the Teacher's Guide for running particular
Lesson, and it includes the Goal (What the student are
Supposed to Learn), How the Goal will be reached (The
Method, Procedure) and a way of measuring how well the goal
was reached (Test, Worksheet, Homework etc.)
6. Definition
A Lesson Plan is actually a plan of action. It includes: Working Philosophy
of a teacher, his information about and understanding of learners, his
comprehension of the objectives of education, his knowledge of the
material to be taught, his ability to use effective methods of education.
- (Lester B. Stands)
7. Purposes of lesson plan
Helps To Achieve The Goal And Objectives
Keeps The Teacher On The Track
Helps In Effective Teaching
Prevents Waste Of Time
It Gives The Teacher The Greater Confidence And Freedom In
Teaching
Helps The Teacher To Delimit The Teaching Field According To
The Content
It Helps To Avoid Repetition
8. Principles of lesson plan
Flexible Planning
Teacher Must Be Fully Conversant With
New Methods
Teacher Must Have Mastery
Psychological And Logical Fashion
Active Student Participation
9. STEPS FOR LESSON PLANNING
Steps to Prepare an Exciting and Effective lesson plan
■ Step 1 – Choose realistic learning goals. ...
■ Step 2 – Pick exciting topics or learning contexts. ...
■ Step 3 – Know your students' needs and talents. ...
■ Step 4 – Use a range of teaching approaches and methods. ...
■ Step 5 – Select appealing resources. ...
■ Step 6 – Fair assessment. ...
■ Step 7 – Evaluation.
10. Advantages of lesson planning
■ lesson plan affects the teacher’s skill, intelligence, ability and his
personality. Following are the chief functions of planning:
■ It delimits the field of work of the teacher as well as of the students
and provides a definite objective for each day’s work
■ It tends to prevent wandering from the subject and going off the way.
It serves as a check on the possible wastage of time and energy of the
teachers and students. It makes teaching systematic, orderly and
economical
■ Planning helps to avoid needless repition
■ Planning helps the teacher to overcome the feeling of nervousness
and insecurity. It gives him confidence to face the class.
11. ■ Lesson planning enables the teacher to link the new
knowledge with the previous knowledge acquired by
students
■ Lesson planning enables the teacher to prepare a suitable
scheme of selection and organization of subject-matter,
materials and activities
■ Lesson planning enables the teacher to provide for
suitable summaries
■ Lesson planning provides for an adequate checking of the
outcomes of instruction
12. Limitations of lesson planning
■ 1. In new or odd situations teacher feels himself helpless.
■ 2. Sometimes simple matters become complicated.
■ 3. More time is required to plan a lesson.
■ 4. Teacher cannot work/teach independently.
■ 5. There is lack of flexibility in lesson-planning.
■ 6. The teaching process becomes more difficult.
13. Chief characteristics of good lesson
■ It should be written
■ It should have clear aims.
■ It should be linked with previous knowledge.
■ It should show techniques of teaching.
■ It should show the illustrative aids.
■ It should contain appropriate subject matter.
■ It should be divided into units
14. Approachesto lessonplan
1. Herbartian Approach
German Philosopher and educationist John Fedrick Herbart (1746-1841) developed
a psychological procedure in the field of lesson planning. His approach indicates
more towards teacher‟s presentation rather than the student‟s behaviour. Herbart
proposed four steps:
a) Clearness b) Association c) System d) Method
These steps were further modified by Herbart as:
a) Preparation
In this step, previous knowledge is explored so that the students become motivated
to gain new knowledge.
b) Presentation
In this step, the content is presented in an effective manner. Active participation of
the students is an essential part of presentation
15. c) Association or Comparison
This step is related with the task of strengthening the content presented in the
second step.Teacher compares the previous knowledge with new knowledge and
thus the students establish a link between them.
d) Generalisation
After comparison, students learn to simplify the content. Rules, principles,
characteristics, objectives, importance and limitations etc. are drawn in this step.
e) Application
Students learn to apply the knowledge in similar situations.
f) Recapitulation
Teacher asks questions related to the content to check how much the students have
understood.
16. 2. RCEM Approach
This approach to lesson planning has been developed at Regional College of
Education, Mysore. It is named as RCEM approach.This approach makes use of
Systems Approach to education.The main steps involved in this approach are:
a) Input
In this step, the entry level behaviour of the students is examined. Instructional
objectives are specified in behavioural terms.
b) Process
This step is concerned with the presentation of content matter. It corresponds to
interaction process of the classroom. Activities of teacher and students are involved in
this process.
17. c) Output
This is the evaluation phase of the lesson.Teacher uses various evaluation
techniques to know the extent of achievement of instructional objectives.
3. Morrison or Unit Approach
This approach is associated with the name of the professor H. C. Morrison (1871-
1945) of the University of Chicago. According to this approach, the teaching-
learning process must result into the mastery of the content matter of a unit.The
teacher moves to the second unit only when she thinks that the students have
acquired mastery over the subject matter of the unit and are capable of generalising
and applying the ideas of learned materia
18. Morrison proposed five steps:
a) Exploration
In this step, the teacher tries to know the students‟ entry level behavior (previous
knowledge).
b) Presentation
The overview of the subject matter is given and the structure of the whole unit is
discussed with the students.
c) Assimilation
In this step, the students study the subject matter deeply and try to understand it.
d) Organisation
The students present the acquired knowledge in a systematic manner in written form.
19. e) Recitation
This step is related with the students verbal expression of the subject manner which
is learned by them.
22. BIBLIOGRAPHY
■ Sheeba k. Tryphena and Prasanna M. Laxmi textbook of
communication and educational technology 2nd edition frontline
publication
■ Dr. Sharma Suresh k. Sharma Reema textbook of
communication and educational technology 2nd edition Elesvier
publication
■ www.shareslide.com
■ www.wikipedia.com
