2. HOSPITAL ENGINEERING SERVICE
Hospital Engineering Services and installations is a very
important component considered to be life line for a smooth
functioning hospital.
The engineering service can broadly be classified as
under.
CIVIL ELECTRICAL
SERVICES SERVICES
ENGINEERING
SERVICES
OTHER BIO-MEDICAL
SERVICES SERVICES
3. CIVIL SERVICES
PUBLIC HEALTH
BUILDINGS & ENGINEERING
VENTILATION
INFRASTRUCTURE
WATER SWEARAGE
SUPPLY SYSTEM
CIVIL
HORTICULTURE NATURAL
LIGHT
4. ELECTRICAL SERVICES
ELECTRIC FILLINGS
ELECTRIC NON-CONVENTIONAL &
SUPPLY ENERGY INSTALLATIONS
ELECTRIC
AIR CONDITIONING
STEAM & LIFTS &
&
HOTWATER SUPPLY FIRE PROTECTION
REFRIGERATION
5. BIO-MEDICAL SERVICES
This includes all those equipments used for diagnosis and therapeutic
services in the hospital. It includes
RADIOLOGY PATHOLOGY,
X-RAY,MRI,CT, ENDOSCOPY MICROBIOLOGY,
ULTRASOUND LAB. BLOOD BANK
PULMONARY
CATH LAB. BIO-MEDICAL LAB.
OPERATION CENTRAL GAS
HYPERBERIC THEATERS PIPELINE
CHAMBER ICU,CCU
6. MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES
HOSPITAL
LAUNDRY SANITARY INCINERATOR &
SERVICES MICROWAVE
COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM MISCELLANEOUS TRANSPORT
HOSPITAL SECURITY HOSPITAL
WORKSHOP
SYSTEM LAUNDRY
7. CIVIL ASSESTS
A. LAND REQUIREMENTS
LAND
COST 50% OF SPACE 10,000 Sq mt/
CAPITAL COST 600-700 Sqft/Bed 25 Beds
SERVICES
WARD
SUPPORTIVE LAND
35-45
15-20%
ADMINISTRATION DIAGNOSTIC OPD
8-12% 18-22% 12-18%
% of coverage=
FAR = Total All floor Covered Area Total ground floor area x 100
(Floor Area Ratio) Total Land Area
TOTAL LAND AREA
8. B. SPECIAL BUILDING FEATURES
1. Earthquake, Cyclone and Blast Resistant Buildings.
2. Basic facilities as per norms and standard.
3. BARC guidelines for Nuclear Medicine & Radiology Department.
4. Lead lining, lead glasses for radioactive protection.
5. Nuclear and Bio-Medical Waste Disposal as per norms.
6. O.T modular, Laminar flow and electro conductive flooring.
7. No sharp corners on walls, O.T's, ICU.
8. Sound proof room for audiometry in ENT.
9. Dark room for refraction and funduscopy.
10.No Drainage pipe to pass through O.T, Labour Room, Nursery,
Kitchen
ICU,CCU.
11. Ramp and fire exit on external site.
12.ENT Clinic to have sound proof Audiometry
13.Eye clinic to have dark room for vision & Fundoscopy
9. C. WATER SUPPLY
EXTERNAL SUPPLY RO INTERNAL SUPPLY
(CORPORATION) SYSTEM BOREWELL
PERIODIC WATER
WATER STARAGE
TESTING
SUPPLY TANK
CHLORINATION
DISTRIBUTION
OVERHEAD
TANK
TANKS
& PIPELINES PUMPS
MOTORS
350-450 Liters/ Bed/ Day
10. WATER REQUIREMENT
EQUIPMENTS
Steam Boiler
Patients 30 liters/day
Solar Water Heater
Gizzards OTs 5litres/table/day
Water coolers Physiotherapy 500 litres/day
Labs 1000litres/day
Kitchen 10litres/bed/day
Laundry 50litre/bed/day
Attendants 15 liters/bed/day
This requirement is both for Cold and Hot water.
11. SWEARGE DISPOSAL
ADEQUATE NO. CONTINUOUS
OF LATRINES/ WATER SUPPLY
TOILETS IN TOILETS
SWEARGE
EFFLUENT EFFLUENT TESTING
TREATMENT BEFORE DISCHARGE SWEARGE TANKS
PLANT (ETP) TO MAIN STREAM & LINES
12. ELECTRIC SUPPLY
A. ELECTRICITY
ALTERNATE SOURCE
MAIN SOURCE GENERATOR
NON-
CONVENTIONAL
DUAL SUPPLY
IN ESSENTIAL ELECTRICITY TRANSFORMERS
AREAS
CONTROL PANEL CVT/ VOLTAGE
& STABLIZER
POWER CIRCUITS
CABLES &
SWITCHES
13. POWER AND VOLTAGE AS PER SIZE
Switchgears & Control panels inside, in a shaded/
dust free environment
Earthing should be good
All essential areas like emergency , OT, ICU etc to
have dual supply
Standby DG sets ( Noise free) with SEB, SPCB
approval
One electrical circuit for 10 lights/ fan points
One power circuit for two 15 amp sockets/ 1800
watts
Use of Appropriate MCB
Steel conduits tubes> than PVC tubes
No Socket/ Switches in anesthetic store room
High illumination in Adm. Offices, Nursing station,
Dietary store, examination rooms
Illumination Standards for different areas.
14. STRUCTURED CABLING
As far as possible the following type of cables should
pass through one gutter/ adequate diameter PVC pipe.
Telephones lines
Call bell lines
Computer network lines
Piped music system
Public address system
Cable TV network
Telemedicine network
15. LIFTS
NEAR STAIN SELF OPERATED DIGITALLY
CASE SLIDING DOOR CONTROL
LIFTS
SMOOTH
PA WARMING
SURFACE
SYSTEM SYSTEM
& FLOOR
16. AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION
AHU
CENTRAL AIR WINDOW &
CONDITION SPLIT ACs
AIR
CONDITION
RO WATER
COLD ROOMS
SYSTEM COOLERS
17. AC PLANT REQUIREMENTS
Refrigeration Unit
Direct Expansion, one AHU
Chilled Water System- Multiple AHU
AHU
Air Ducts
Capacity—in tons( heat extraction capacity), one ton
means 12000 BTU/hr
1 ton sufficient for 12 sq. m.
Power requirement: Huge, 2KVA/ Ton
MCB of G series of adequate capacity
Fire dampers to be installed as air ducts are excellent
conduit for spread of fire. They close the passage at the
time fire and prevent spread.
18. ENERGY SAVING
•Lights switch off & On as per
requirement
•Balance artificial & natural light
•Adjust AC level as per
requirement, load
•Security system
•Close Circuit TV & Camera
•Access control of persons in
buildings
•Use of Solar Energy
19. AIR AND VENTILATION
NATURAL FORCED
AIR
AIR
AIR
NATURAL FORCED
EXHUST EXHUST
AREA Air changes/hr
OT 15-20
Wards 8-12
bathrooms 6-12
Kitchen 6-9
Laundry 10
Non AC areas 8-10
20. CENTRAL PIPELINES
MANIFOLD COMPRESSED
ROOM AIR
TERMINAL PIPED GAS
UNIT VACCUM
COPPER ALARAM OXYGEN
PIPELINE SYSTEM SYSTEM
22. PREVENTION OF ENGINEERING HAZZARDS
SAFE WORK
ENGINEERING CONTROL
PREVENTIVE PRACTICES
(Standard Operating
MAINTENANCE (Occupational
Procedure)
Diseases)
PERSONAL ENGINEERING HAZZARD TRAINING OF
PROTECTION KITS PREVENTION STAFF
EMERGENCY SYSTEM TO TRACK
PREPARATION IMPENDING HAZZARD ADMINISTRATIVE
(Alternate Source -(Constant Monitoring CONTROL
Of function) -Adverse Incident Reporting)
-Regular Maintenance
-Policies & Procedures
-Periodic Med. Check up
-Safety Methods
23. ORGANIZATION OF ENGINEERING SERVICES
ENGINEER SERVICES
CIVIL & ELECTRICAL BIO-MEDICAL WORKSHOP
PUBLIC HEALTH
BIO-MED.ENGG. CMO I/C
S.E
S.E
ANNUAL DEALING ASSTT.
E.E MAINTENANCE
E.E
CONTRACT
CONTRACTORS
A.E
ASSTT.ENGG. COMPREHENSIVE
MAINTENANCE
ELECTRIC AIR CONTRACT
JUNIOR ENGG. CONDITIONING
JE JE
MAINTENANCE STAFF
MASSION, CARPENTER,
PLUMBER, SWEAGEMEN MAINTENANCE STAFF
ELECTRICIANS, LIFT
OPERATOR
25. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Introduction and implementation of
various procedures and measures to
predict, deter and avoid breakdowns
before its adverse effect or breakdown.
OBJECTIVE OF PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
To detect early, any potential functional
problems and to act in time
to prevent such occurrence to run the
system continuity smoothly.
26. ADVANTAGES OF PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
INCREASE LONGIVITY
ENSURES SAFETY
OF THE SYSTEM AND
PREVENT HAZZARDS
ADVANTAGE
PREVENT BREAK IN
CONTINUITY OF THE PREVENT COSTLY
SYSTEM EMERGENCY REPAIR
27. PEOPLE RESPONSIBLE FOR PREVENTIVE
MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME
WATER SUPPLY
INFRASTRUCTURAL ELECTRICITY &
AIR CONDITIONING
MAINTENANCE
(ELECTRICAL ENGG. DEPTT.)
(CIVIL ENGG. DEPTT.)
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE (BIO-MEDICAL ENGG. DEPTT.
(MECHNICS & TPT I/C) & USERS
COMMUNICATION &
SECURITY SYSTEM SANITATION & CLEANLING
I/C TELEPHONES (I/C SANITATION)
28. SERVICES UNDER
MAINTENANCE
SERVICE
S
CIVIL ELECTRICAL BIO MEDICAL SANITATION
COMMUNICATION
SERVICES SERVICES SERVICES SERVICES
• Buildings • Electrical • Equipments • Cleaning Equip. •Telephone
• Water Supply •Power •Machineries • Incinerator • Wireless
• Horticulture •Alternate Source • Paste Control • Microwave •Security System
•Sanitary of Energy •Medical Gases • CSSD •Computers
Equip. •Air Conditioning • Laundry •Office Equip.
•Plumbing • Deep Freezers •Fax
•Lifts •Photostat
•Fire
29. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
LIGHT
-Maximum availability of day light.
-Light control in patient rest area.
-Sufficient illumination in varied floor area.
COLOUR
-Color should be smoothing but bright.
-Match with nature of activity
-Should not reflect the light.
SOUND
-Noise to be avoided
-Smoothing, low volume music system
TEMPERATURE
-Temperature to be maintained within comfort level
22 to 320 C
30. BUILDING
BUILDING
-High rising, multistoried
-Earthquake and vibration resistant
-Regular while washing & repair of cracks, seepage etc
DOORS & WINDOWS
-Windows and doors smooth flowing
-Avoid rounds or noises
-Door closer to be installed
-Windows to have wire mesh, screens
-Regular replacement of broken glasses
-Hard wares like handles, bolts, locks be checked and repaired
FLOORS
-Floor should be slip resistant
-Regular cleaning though dry mopping
-Use of antiseptic and detergent
-Elevations on floor to be avoided
31. ELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS
ELECTRIC SUPPLY
-Avoid physical and mechanical pressure on cables.
-Cables to be laid on trays to avoid direct pressure.
-Joints and terminals must be tightly secured and sealed to
avoid heating and sparking.
-Circuit breaker be used to avoid high voltage serge
-Loose connections, plugs must be regularly repaired.
- Do not use bare wire into sockets.
-Ensure proper earthing of all equipments.
- Healing appliances, lights, fan & AC to be switched off
when not in use.
-Power grids, junction boxes, generators must be regularly
inspected and maintained.
-Use UPS/ voltage stabilizer to ensure constant supply to
sensitive gadgets.
-There should not be any loose or hanging wires.
32. AIR CONDITIONING AND LIFTS
ELEVATORS
-Proper oiling and greezing of coils and doors.
-Functioning of call bell system.
-Floor, smooth and non slippery.
-Switches to be checked regularly.
-Smooth opening and closing of doors.
WINDOW ACs
-Regular cleaning of air filter
-Cleaning & Washing periodically
-Out let for drainage of water.
-Capacity matching with room capacity
CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONER
-Regular maintenance of AC plants
-Regular cleaning of AC ducts
-Monitoring system for temperature control
-Air filters
-Vacuum exhaust to be cleaned properly to maintain temperature
33. PUMPS
- All pumps should regularly be maintained.
FIRE SAFETY
-Smoke alarm to be tested regularly to find functional status.
-Regular filling up of fire extinguisher. Fire safety drills.
WATER SUPPLY
-Periodic testing of water quality.
-Chlorination before supply to overhead tanks.
- Periodic cleaning of water tanks.
-All tanks must have covers.
-Maintenance of pipelines.
-Water coolers and purifiers to be cleaned regularly.
34. COMMUNICATION SUPPLY
A. TELEPHONES
- Regular maintenance of telephones and inter- com system.
- Wiring to be checked regularly.
- There should not be loose and hanging wires.
- The sets to be regularly cleaned of dust.
• SECURITY GAZZETTES
- Regular checking and maintain of security gazettes,
cameras and lights.
A. COMPUTERS
- Regular maintenance of server room equipments.
- Cable lines and modes.
- Maintenance of LAN system.
35. HORTICULTURE
-Ensures a good ambience around the buildings, roads etc.
-Maintenance of lawns and watering system.
-Regular pruning of trees.
-Regular watering to maintain freshness and growth.
SANITATION
-Regular cleaning of floor with water and detergent.
-Garbage bins to put the garbage. Toilets to be cleaned
regularly.
-Regular maintenance of sanitary equipments.
-Brooms, mops to be cleaned and disposed properly.
-Segregation, transportation and disposal of BMW.
-Control of HAI
36. hospiad
Hospital Administration Made Easy
http//hospiad.blogspot.com
An effort solely to help students and aspirants
in their attempt to become a successful
Hospital Administrator.
DR. N. C. DAS
