Grammar Direct Speech Indirect Speech

2. NARRATION
 Process of giving an account of a sequence of events
 Written or Speech
 Account of real or imagined events; Narrative
 Reported Speech
 Information about thoughts of people
 Person who recounts events is called a narrator
 Two ways of narrating account: Direct Speech and
Indirect Speech

3. DIRECT SPEECH
 Exact Remarks
 Speech of narrator presented in exact
words and expression
 Say exactly what someone has said
 Punctuation, Quotation Marks
She said, ‘I will win.’

4. INDIRECT SPEECH
 Reported speech
 Speech presented without using exact words
of the narrator
 Exact meaning of the remark
 Tense changes; no quotation marks
Ram said, ‘ I am having lunch with my family.’
Ram said that he was having lunch with his
family.

5. DIRECT TO INDIRECT
 Reporting Verb changes
 Inverted Commas removed in indirect
speech
 Connective word is used in the beginning
of indirect speech
 Verb of reported speech changes
 Person and Helping Verb of reported
speech change

6. RULES
 I - She/ He
 Am - was
 Is – was
 My – Her/His
 This – that
 will – would
 Today – that day
 Yesterday - the day before

7. Questions in Indirect Speech
 Question Mark is omitted in indirect
speech
 Interrogative form of Verb changes to
Affirmative
 Tenses, Pronouns, Adverbs of time and
place change

8. EXAMPLES
He said, ‘Where is the station?’
He asked where the station was.
She said, ‘ What do you want?’
She asked (them) what they wanted.

9. EXCLAMATIONS IN INDIRECT SPEECH
 Exclamation mark disappears
 Exclamations become statements
Example
He said, ‘What a terrible idea!’
He exclaimed that it was a terrible idea.

10. THANK YOU