Fourth stage translation, read well :) for the QUIZ

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5. LITERARY TRANSLATION
• IN ADDITION TO A THOROUGH MASTERY OF THE SOURCE
LANGUAGE, THE LTERARY TRANSLATOR MUST POSSESS A
PROFOUND KNOWLEDGE OF THE TARGET LANGUAGE.
• THE LITERARY TRANSLATOR MUST COMMAND TONE, STYLE,
FLEXIBILITY, INVENTIVENESS, KNOWLEDGE OF THE SL
CULTURE, ABILITY TO GLEAN MEANING FROM AMBIGUITY,
AND EAR FOR SONORITY AND HUMILITY.

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SPEECH-ACT THEORY
SENTENCE
ILLOCUTIONARY
FORCE

8. In English grammar and speech-act theory,
a performative verb is a verb that explicitly conveys
the kind of speech act being performed—such
as promise, invite, apologize, predict, vow, request,
warn, insist, and forbid. Also known as speech-act
verb or performative utterance.

9. DECLARE
DEMAND

10. ALLITERATION
• REPETITION OF THE SAME SOUND AT THE BEGINNING OF
CONSECUTIVE WORDS:
“THE SURRENDER OF HER WEARY GHOST TO THE KEEPING OF
STARS AND SEA WAS STIRRING LIKE THE SIGHT OF A
GLORIOUS TRIUMPH.”
FROM JOSEPH CONRAD’S “YOUTH”

11. ALLUSION
• AN IMPLIED OR INDIRECT REFERENCE
• WRITERS OFTEN ALLUDE TO WELL-KNOWN TEXTS/PEOPLE
IN THEIR WORKS TO GIVE A SHARPER EDGE TO THE POINT
THEY ARE MAKING.
• FOUR TYPES OF ALLUSIONS ARE LIKELY TO OCCUR
REGULARLY IN LITERATURE WRITTEN IN ENGLISH: BIBLICAL,
CLASSICAL, CULTURAL, AND LITERARY
‫عنترا‬ ‫حبي‬ ‫من‬ ‫أين‬ ،‫كحاتم‬ ‫كريم‬ ،‫المظهر‬ ‫عاد،ستيني‬ ‫قتل‬

12. FOREIGN WORDS
“THE CALM MADONNA O’ER YOUR HEAD SMILES, COL BAMBINO,
ON THE BED WHERE BUT YOUR CHASTE EARS I MUST SPARE
WHERE, AS WE SAID, VOUS FAITES VOTRE AFFAIRE.”
ARTHUR HUGH CLOUGH
GENRE
Many non-Western genres (except haiku) have found it
hard to be accepted in Western literature because there
is no obvious Western analog for them (e.g., the Arabic
qasidah or Chinese rhyme-prose)

13. GRAMMATICAL NORMS
•
METAPHOR
“She was drowning in money.”

14. NEOLOGISMS
•
PARODY
Parody: A literary or musical work in which the style of an
author is closely imitated for comic effect or ridicule)
Translation of parody requires alertness to the work(s)
parodied, probably the most difficult for translators.

15. POETIC DICTION
• A STYLE OF WRITING THAT EXHIBITS A FAIRLY DENSE
CONCENTRATION OF ILLOCUTIONARY POWER IN RELATIVELY FEW
WORDS, STANZAS, OR PARAGRAPHS:
“MORNING DAWNED AT LAST, SLOWLY, WITH A PALE YELLOW
DOME OF LIGHT RISING SILENTLY ABOVE THE BLUFFS, WHICH
STAND LIKE A HUGE STORM-DEVASTATED CASTLE, JUST EAST OF
THE CITY.”
HAMLIN GARLAND

16. PUN
•
REGISTER
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17. RHYME AND METER
• RHYME:
• METER:
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18. SYNTAX
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19. ANY QUESTIONS?
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