High-rise buildings are tall structures that require elevators due to their height. They first emerged in dense urban areas in the 1880s in the US as land prices rose and steel frames and glass facades made taller buildings possible. By mid-20th century, high-rises had become standard in many countries. Key aspects of high-rise design include structural systems, unique design features using steel and concrete, and managing heavy vertical and wind loads on foundations and frames.

1. HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
HIGH-RISE BUILDING, ALSO CALLED HIGH-RISE, MULTISTORY BUILDING TALL ENOUGH TO REQUIRE THE USE OF A SYSTEM OF MECHANICAL VERTICAL
TRANSPORTATION SUCH AS ELEVATORS. THE SKYSCRAPER IS A VERY TALL HIGH-RISE BUILDING.
THE FIRST HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS WERE CONSTRUCTED IN THE UNITED STATES IN THE 1880S. THEY AROSE IN URBAN AREAS WHERE INCREASED LAND PRICES
AND GREAT POPULATION DENSITIES CREATED A DEMAND FOR BUILDINGS THAT ROSE VERTICALLY RATHER THAN SPREAD HORIZONTALLY, THUS OCCUPYING
LESS PRECIOUS LAND AREA. HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS WERE MADE PRACTICABLE BY THE USE OF STEEL STRUCTURAL FRAMES AND GLASS EXTERIOR SHEATHING.
BY THE MID-20TH CENTURY, SUCH BUILDINGS HAD BECOME A STANDARD FEATURE OF THE ARCHITECTURAL LANDSCAPE IN MOST COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD.
EXAMPLES
EMPIRE STATE BUILDING, USA ABRAJ AL BAIT TOWERS, SAUDIA ARABIA SHANGHAI TOWERS, CHINA

2. THE DESIGNING COMPONENT IN HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
• STRUCTURAL WALL SYSTEM
• MOMENT FRAME SYSTEM
• MOMENT FRAME, STRUCTURAL WALL SYSTEM
• STRUCTURAL WALL
• FLAT SLAB FLOOR
• STRUCTURAL WALL – FRAMED TUBE SYSTEM
• FRAMED TUBE SYSTEM TUBE IN THE TUBE SYSTEM.
• MULTIPLE TUBE SYSTEM.
• HYBRID SYSTEM
• ANY OF ABOVE WITH ADDITIONAL FRAMING SYSTEM- EX. OUTRIGGER TRUSSES, BELT TRUSS.
THE UNIQUE DESIGNING COMPONENT IN HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
• NEW DESIGN OF BOLD LINES, RECTANGLES WHERE HEAVY STRUCTURES MADE UP OF STEEL DEFINE POWER AND PRESTIGE.
• THE AMALGAMATION OF INTERIOR SPACES AND EXTERIOR FACADE AS A ONE UNIT.
• USE OF STEEL AND CONCRETE AS STRUCTURAL AND MEMBERS
LOADS OF HIGH RISE BUILDING DESIGN
THE FOUNDATIONS OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS SUPPORT VERY HEAVY LOADS, BUT THE SYSTEMS DEVELOPED FOR LOW-RISE
BUILDINGS ARE USED, THOUGH ENLARGED IN SCALE. THESE INCLUDE CONCRETE CAISSON COLUMNS BEARING ON ROCK OR
BUILDING ON EXPOSED ROCK ITSELF. BEARING PILES AND FLOATING FOUNDATIONS ARE ALSO USED.
LOADS THAT HAVE TO BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION WHEN DESIGNING A BUILDING ARE VERTICAL LOADS FROM SELF-WEIGHT,
IMPOSED LOADS, SNOW LOADS AND HORIZONTAL LOADS FROM BOTH WIND AND UNINTENDED INCLINATIONS. FOR TALL
BUILDINGS, THE HORIZONTAL LOADING FROM WIND IS USUALLY THE DESIGN LOAD. THE VERTICAL LOADS ARE THE SELF-WEIGHTS,
FINISHING LOADS AND LIVE LOADS AND THEY ARE TRANSFERRED TO THE FOUNDATION THROUGH COLUMNS, LOAD-BEARING
WALLS OR TOWERS. THE LIVE LOAD DEPENDS ON THE TYPE OF USAGE IN THE BUILDING AND ON THE STANDARD USED FOR
DESIGNING.

3. Structural systems of high rise building design
FRAMED TUBE
BUNDLED TUBE
HYBRID STRUCTURES

4. Shanghai tower
LOCATION PUDONG DISTRICT, SHANGHAI SH CHINA
NO OF FLOORS 128
DURATION OF CONST. 2018-2015
USAGE HOTEL, OFFICE, PARKING GARAGE, RESTURANT, RETAIL
BUILDING MATERIALS USED GLASS, STEEL, CONCRETE
USES 32-35% LESS STRUCTURAL MATERIALS THAN ANY OTHER CONVENTIONAL BUILDING RESULTING IN SEMILLION USD
UNDER CONSTRUCTION IMAGES

5. BUILDING INTERIOR LOCATION OF
SERVICE CORE
THE SERVICE CORES ARE LOCATED AT THE CENTRE OF BUILDING, NOT AT THE
CENTRE, THUS REVEALING THE FULL DIMENSION OF THE SPACE IN THE LOBBY. THIS
LETS THE EYE TRAVEL THROUGH THE GLASS LOBBY TOWARDS THE EXTERIOR - A
PARK, WHOSE LANDSCAPE WAS ALSO DESIGNED BY THE ARCHITECTS. THE MAIN
VERTICAL CIRCULATION IS PROVIDED BY A DETACHED ELEVATOR TOWER
ENTRANCE HALL WITH SENSE OF
SPACE
THE ELEVATOR SHAFTS ARE HOUSED IN A TOWER DETACHED FROM THE
MAIN TOWER, SO THE GROUND FLOOR HAS AMPLE OPEN SPACE TO
SHARE A CONTINUITY WITH THE THEATER AND THE CITY PARK. ON ITS
LEVEL, THE COLUMNS ARE A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR IN THE DESIGN, TO
INDICATE THAT THE BUILDING IS SUPPORTED BY THEM, WHEREAS A
SENSE OF SPACE IS AVAILABLE AT THE SAME TIME. AS WITH THE
COLUMNS, THE WALLS ARE ROUGH CONCRETE, AND THE SURFACE IS
COATED WITH WATER PAINT FOR PROTECTION
HVAC
THIS 632-METRE-TALL “GREEN VERTICAL CITY” WILL GET HEATING AND COOLING
FROM GEO THERMAL ENERGY SOURCES, WHILE SUPPLEMENTARY ELECTRICITY WILL
COME FROM VERTICAL-AXIS WIND TURBINES LOCATED NEAR THE TOP OF THE
TOWER. THE DOUBLE-LAYERED INSULATING GLASS FAÇADE IS INTENDED TO REDUCE
THE NEED FOR INDOOR AIR CONDITIONING, AND IS COMPOSED OF AN ADVANCED
REINFORCED GLASS WITH A HIGH TOLERANCE FOR SHIFTS IN TEMPERATURE.

6. MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF FACADE SYSTEM
TO ALLOW NATURAL VENTILATION WHEN EXTERNAL CONDITIONS ARE
APPROPRIATE
TO PROTECT THE OCCUPANTS FROM UNDER EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT
TO ALLOW OPTIMUM USE OF DAYLIGHT THEREFORE THE GLAZINGS ARE AS TRANSPARENT AS POSSIBLE
Natural ventilation
GLASS ALLOWS NATURAL VENTILATION IN THE TOWER. EVEN THE UPPER WORKSPACES CAN ENJOY NATURAL AIR CONTROL WITHOUT HAVING TO FIGHT WIND GUSTS.
USERS CAN CONTROL THEIR OWN ENVIRONMENT.
LOCATION NEAR URUSVATI MUSEUM OF FOLKLORE, SECTOR 78, GURUGRAM
NO OF FLOORS 55
DURATION OF CONST. 2011-2017
USAGE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDING MATERIALS USED GLASS, STEEL, CONCRETE
raheja revanta
REVANTA IS A MARVELOUS RESIDENTIAL PROJECT BY RAHEJA THAT SPREADS OVER 18.39 ACRES OF PRIME LAND
AND HAS ONE OF THE TALLEST TOWERS IN HARYANA. IT IS LOCATED IN SEC-78, GURGAON NEAR THE INTERSECTION
OF NORTHERN PERIPHERAL ROAD, SOUTHERN PERIPHERAL ROAD AND NH8. THE LOCALITY IS SURROUNDED BY A
HOST OF OPERATIONAL & PROPOSED 5 STAR HOTELS, GOLF COURSES, SHOPPING MALLS AND OFFICE
DEVELOPMENTS. THE PROJECT IS CONSTRUCTED BY ARABTEC, THE MAKERS OF WORLD'S TALLEST TOWER, BURJ
KHALIFA, DUBAI. STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY THORNTON TOMASETTI 180°

7. CONSTRUCTION PICTURES
END CORE SERVICE PLAN