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Diversity 2
Animals
Diploblastic

“Monoblastic”

Triploblastic
10hrs
Blastula Forms

90min
20min
12min

2min
1.5min
1min

30sec
10sec

2sec
0sec
Blastula is a hollow ball of cells
It currently has one cell layer (ectoderm)

Blastula
Formation of Diploblastic Tissue
Formation of Triploblastic Tissue
Sponges

Jellyfish
Comb Jellies
Flat Worms

Round Worms
Rotifers
Snails
Earthworms

Starfish
Fish, Amphibians
Reptiles, Birds,
Mammals
Animal Systems
• Animals must obtain energy by eating
• Major Systems:
– Digestive System
– Circulatory System
– Excretory System
– Locomotive System
– Sensory System
Digestive Systems
• Diffusion, phagocytosis
– Small animals, single-celled

• Gastrovascular Cavity
– Jellyfish

• Digestive Tract
– Everything else
Hyaline Caps

Phagocytosis in an Amoeba
Circulatory Systems
• Diffusion
– Small animals, single-celled

• Open Circulatory System
– Worms, some mollusks, arthropods

• Closed Circulatory System
– Everything else
Locomotion Systems
• Endoskeleton vs Exoskeleton
– Skeleton is for muscle attachment and
support against gravity
– Muscle can attach to something that is inside
the animal or outside the animal
• Endoskeleton = inside
• Exoskeleton = outside
Exoskeleton
Endoskeleton
Sensory Systems
• Nerve Net
– Jellyfish

• Ganglia
– Flatworms

• Bilateral Brain
– Earthworms

• Brain
The Vertebrates
Animals with a Backbone
New Tetrapod - Tiktaalik
Spiny Echidna Development

Lays Egg in Pouch

Baby Hatches/Nurses

Baby Leaves Pouch when
Spine Develop
Teratogens
What is Endothermy?
• Description of where and animal gets
its heat from:
– Ectotherms get heat from external
sources (Sun)
– Endotherms get heat from internal
sources (metabolism)
Who are the Endotherms?

Birds

Mammals
All of these
Animals are
Endothermic to
Some Degree!!
Lec3 2 diversity2 (1)

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Lec3 2 diversity2 (1)