godawari in nepali complete productin technology

1. 1
Presenter:
Minraj Ghimire
BSc. Horticulture 3rd
semester
Exam Roll No.: 03
A presentation on:
Chrysanthemum Production Technology
Assigned by :
Asst. Prof. Mr. Bikash Khanal
Department of Horticulture
TU, IAAS
MRMC, ILAM

2. Chrysanthemum indicum (Asteraceae)
.
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3. Both annual & perennial;
 Herbaceous and sometimes partly woody
Classification
Standard type: Used as cut flower
Only one apical flower is kept
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4. Spray type: Used as loose flower
peripheral flowers are retained and the
apical flower is removed.
Pot flower: Pots are used to embellish home, garden,
offices, and park.
Both spray and standard type can be cultured in pot.
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5.  Achievement
 Copper Bowl
 Escapade
 Helen Castel
 Mandalay
 Matador
 Miss Atlanta
 Orange Bowl
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6.  Good textured well drained sandy loam
 The optimal pH range is 6.5 – 7.5.
Climate
 Day temperature of 22℃ and night temperature of 16℃ is suitable for quality
flower production.
 Higher temperature causes delay flowering and the flower color fade away
 Use of CO2 (600-900 ppm) improves the color, size and yield of flower.
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7. i. By suckers: Old method of
multiplication.
1,10,000 suckers/ha
ii. By terminal cutting: Length of cuttings
should be about 5-7cm.
iii. By seed: The blooms are collected when
they are completely dry.
Fine compost is used to cover the seeds
after sowing and watering is done.
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8.  The plants need adequate water during vegetative growth when new leaves are being formed.
 After formation of flower bud less water needed as no further leaves are formed.
 However, water stagnation causes root rot, so drainage should be maintained.
 chrysanthemum requires humidity between 70-90%.
Planting distance
 Maintained according to varieties.
 Usually, 15×15 or 10×15cm₂
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9.  FYM requires about 18-20 MT/ha
 Usually 20:20:10 gm per m² N:P:K is applied for better yield.
 Micro nutrients like foliar spray of ZnSO4 at 0.25% and MgSO4 at 0.5% can be applied.
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10. i. Pinching: 2&3 pinching are done in spray and standard type of flowering respectively and
only 3 primary branches should be maintained in pot flower.
ii. Disbudding: Generally, done in sept.
iii. Staking: For standard, number of stakes depends on number of main branches. In spray type,
3-4 stakes are inserted
iv. Mulching
v. weeding
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11.  GA3 application in spray types at 30, 45 & 60 days of planting at 50 ppm increases the stalk
length.
 NAA 100 ppm delays flowering and GA3 100 ppm causes earliness in flowering.
 Application of 500 ppm florel improves the growth of lateral branches, prevents the growth of
apical branch and enhance the vegetative growth
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12.  Depends on cultivar, marketing and other facilities available to grower.
 Standard type chrysanthemums are harvested when the outer ray florets cease to elongate.
 Spray type are harvested when the petals in the centre of the topmost flower are almost fully
developed
 Ready to be harvested in 6-7 weeks of planting
 Harvested in day
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13. According to society of American flourish standard flower are grading as:
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Quality
Parameters
Grade
Blue Red Green Yellow
Length of stalk (cm) 75 75 60 60
Diameter of flower
(cm)
15 12.5 10 -
Strength of stalk Strong Strong Strong -

14.  Chrysanthemum cut flowers can be wrapped in plastics and stored dry for 6-8 weeks at a
temperature of -0.5℃.
 Temperature of truck shipment should be 2-4℃.
Packaging
 Most of the standard chrysanthemum are placed in sleeves and packed in display boxes.
 For bulk packing of sprays, 10, 15 or 20 stems are placed in sleeves according to the grades
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15.  Dipping of stem for a very short period (5 sec.) in 1200-4800 ppm AgNO3 or soaking the
stems in 1000 ppm for 10 min.
 Addition of 2% sucrose to silver nitrate was found beneficial, which increase vase life for 12-
20 days.
Disorders
Blindness: Low night temperature and short day induces blindness.
Petals do not develop properly due to this.
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16.  Powdery mildew
 Leaf spot
 Gray mold
 Rust
Pests
 Aphids
 Hairy caterpillar
 Termites
 Thrips 16