A Disaster Risk Assessment

1. The Disaster Risk Assessment of HRD
Building at Philippine Normal University
Alonzo, Esmundo, Mercader, Paradero, Quindipan, Taguas, Tan, Tavu
IV-14 BSCIEBiology

2. BRIEF INTRODUCTION
A disaster is a sudden event that seriously disrupts the
functioning of a community which causes human, economic, and
environmental losses its ability to cope using its own resources.
The combination of hazards, vulnerability and inability to reduce
the potential negative consequences of risk results in disaster.
Disasters can happen naturally or due to human activities.

3. BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Schools as one of the most populous places, must ensure that
the stakeholders are safe and secured when they are around the
area. Therefore, a disaster risk management/assessment was
being conducted by the 4th year students of Philippine Normal
University, to know how well an area is prepared when disaster
occurred.

4. BRIEF INTRODUCTION
PNU Manila is one the universities around Manila that reached it
centennial anniversary, therefore faces structural challenges
either natural occurrence or human made.
PNU-HRD building consists of different infrastructures such as
PNU Hostel, Normal Hall, Cafeteria, Auditorium, and two building
for classroom utilization.

5. BRIEF INTRODUCTION
The PNU-HRD today is encountering different structural
obstacles due to its age, environmental and man-made factors.
These structural problems may put the University, students, and
staff at risk. Moreover, the disaster risk reduction management is
a good way to practice of reducing disaster risks through
systematic efforts to analyze and reduce the causal factors of
disasters and accidents.

6. OBJECTIVES
A. Conduct hazard identification, hazard assessment and
hazard mapping and explain their functional value
B. Construct an emergency planning for prevention and
mitigation of disaster risk

7. FRAMEWORK & DISCUSSION
• Hazard,
Vulnerability and
Exposure analysis
and montoring
Risk
Identification
• structural planning
• structural
management
Prevention and
Mitigation • emergency
planning
• hazard mapping
• evacuation planning
Preparedness
• rescue planninng
• rehabilitation
• reconstruction
Recovery
Before Disaster During Disaster After Disaster
DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

8. FRAMEWORK AND DISCUSSION
The researchers assessed the facilities in HRD (overpass, main
buildings, normal hall, and hostel) and interviewed some of the
staff and students here in PNU that uses the said facilities.

9. DISCUSSION
OVERPASS
The overpass is being used when people are
going to HRD from main building or vice versa.
2 out of 3 students said that it is safe during
calamities or disasters. After the interviews, the
researchers come up with the present status of
the PNU overpass, and it is shown in the table:

10. DISCUSSION
Table 1. Assessment of the status of PNU
OverpassHazard Vulnerability Exposure Capacity
Earthquake Fire Students CCTV camera
Rain Electrocution Staff Railings
Open electrical Damage of property Civilian Lightings
Weak infrastructure Injury Property Hand rails
Dilapidated roof Death
Wet Floor Loss of property
Natural elements
wind, fire)

11. PNU OVERPASS
Capacity
Staircase with railings Grills/Railing dividing the overpass into two

12. PNU OVERPASS
Hazards
Cracks on the concrete Dilapidated roof

13. DISCUSSION
PNU Hostel
The PNU Hostel is being used for guests who would
like to stay for the night here in PNU or if there are
seminars held here. The hostel is open 24-hours
and even during holidays for both local and foreign
guests. The researchers interviewed the staff of the
Hostel who worked there for 11 years, since 2006.
According to the interviewee, aside from a ceiling
fan that malfunctioned and fell to the floor, there
were no recorded other incidents and disasters.

14. DISCUSSION
Table 2. Assessment of the status of PNU Hostel
Hazard Vulnerability Exposure Capacity
Typhoon Damage of property Guests CCTV camera
Fire Staff Fire exit
Earthquake Injury Students Good electrical
Stagnant water Diseases (Dengue,
Leptospirosis)
Property Fire extinguisher
Appliances Accidents Professors Fire hose
Broken ceiling Emergency light
Lack of awareness Emergency bell
PWD ramp
Reminder signage
Well ventilated

15. PNU HOSTEL
Capacity
Fire exit

16. PNU HOSTEL
Capacity
Fire extinguisher Emergency light

17. PNU HOSTEL
Capacity
Fire hose Emergency bell

18. PNU HOSTEL
Capacity
Closed-circuit television (CCTV) camera Reminder singnage

19. PNU HOSTEL
Vulnerability
Broken ceilings

20. PNU HOSTEL
Capacity
Good facilities

21. DISCUSSION
HRD Building
The HRD Building is one of the oldest buildings
in PNU. The researchers have interviewed two
staff working in HRD and they said that it is safe
when a calamity strikes and they have witnessed
no accidents during their stay here in PNU, but
when the researchers assessed the building they
have found some unsafe areas. These are there
findings:

22. DISCUSSION
Table 3. Assessment of the status of HRD
BuildingHazard Vulnerability Exposure Capacity
Open electrical wirings Fire Students Fire alarm
Open ceiling Injury Staff Caution signage
Cracks on the concrete Diseases due to flood Professors Two doors at the
of the room
Cracks on the concrete Stampede Damage in property Fire exit
Slippery floors when Panic Emergency lights
Rain/Typhoon Property Fire extinguisher
Lack of posted
Broken windows
Narrow staircase

23. DISCUSSION
Disaster Risk
Location Hazard Vulnerability Exposure Capacity Disaster Risk
[(HxVxE)/C]
HRD 9 6 2 6 18
Hostel 6 5 2 10 6
Dormitory
Overpass 6 7 2 4 21
The whole HRD is quite safe when it comes to certain cases of
calamities but these calamities should be mild so as not to
greatly affect the whole place. The HRD Building has 18% of
disaster risk, Hostel is 6%, and Overpass is 21%, it’s a small
percentage but there is still a chance that the lives of the people
are at risk.

24. HAZARD MAP OF PNU-MANILA

25. CONCLUSION
Based on the data that we gathered, we assessed the hazards, vulnerability,
capacity, and exposure. By these data, we computed the disaster risk. The
HRD Building has 18% of disaster risk, Hostel is 6%, and Overpass is 21%,
it’s a small percentage but there is still a chance that the lives of the people
are at risk. The result is quite alarming since many students, professors,
staffs, guards, philcare, and dormers are using the said building. Despite of
that, the people are not aware of it; 5 out 6 people we interviewed says that
HRD is safe when calamity or disaster strikes.

26. CONCLUSION
We can see the importance of knowing disaster risk reduction management.
Disaster risk reduction is vital for building a more equitable and sustainable
future. Making investments in prevention and preparedness to increase
resilience to disaster.
We need to address and be aware of this issue for all the people who are
using the HRD to be prepared and know what to do before, during and after
calamities. Through capacity of the building, awareness and resilience of
people towards disaster, we can minimize the damages or avoid any large
destruction that may cost many lives

27. INTERVIEWS
Interview Questions:
1. Name of staff/student
2. How long/often have you (staff/student) used the
facilities (overpass, dorm, hostel, etc)?
3. Do you think the said facilities/areas are safe when
a calamity/disaster strikes?
4. Have you experienced/witnessed any
accidents/hazards that happened in these facilities?
5. What do you think are the possible solutions to be
done to the unsafe areas in the school?

28. INTERVIEWS
HRD Building
Interviewee no. 1:
• Name of staff/student:
Leomel
• How long/often have you (staff/student) used the facilities (overpass, dorm,
hostel, etc.):
2 years, PHILCARE
• Do you think the said facilities/areas are safe when a calamity/disaster strikes?
Safe
• Have you experienced/witnessed any accidents/hazards that happened in these
facilities?
None
• What do you think are the possible solutions to be done to the unsafe areas in the
school?
Prevention

29. INTERVIEWS
HRD Building
Interviewee no. 2
• Name of staff/student:
Adel
• How long/often have you (staff/student) used the facilities (overpass, dorm,
hostel, etc.)?
1 year and 4 months, PHILCARE
• Do you think the said facilities/areas are safe when a calamity/disaster strikes?
Safe
• Have you experienced/witnessed any accidents/hazards that happened in these
facilities?
None
• What do you think are the possible solutions to be done to the unsafe areas in the
school?
Prevention and Safety

30. INTERVIEWS
PNU Hostel
• Name of staff/student
Luz Galino
• How long/often have you (staff/student) used the facilities (overpass, dorm,
hostel, etc.)?
Since 2006, 11 years
• Do you think the said facilities/areas are safe when a calamity/disaster strikes?
Yes
• Have you experienced/witnessed any accidents/hazards that happened in these
facilities?
Yes, there was one accident happened here but I’m not the one who was on-
duty that time. The ceiling fan stopped working and it fell
• What do you think are the possible solutions to be done to the unsafe areas in the
school?
I think it would be safe if there is a guard who always roam and check
around.

31. INTERVIEWS
PNU Overpass
1. Renzo Manabat-
Social Science Major
2. When it’s raining and
if there’s a flood..
When I’m in a hurry.
When the guard is
strict
3. Calamity, safe.
4. No
5. Renovate, safer
barricade, improve
1. Divine Nil
Mengullo- Social
Science Major
2. Often times
3. Safe
4. None so far,
careless people,
slipped
5. Renovate, paint
1. Nica Aguinaldo-
English Major
2. Often times
3. Not really
4. Yes, someone
slipped because
the floor was wet
5. Put covers on the
roof, renovate the
structure, improve.