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MARIALY CASTILLO
En matemáticas, un conjunto es una colección de elementos con características similares considerada en sí
misma como un objeto. Los elementos de un conjunto, pueden ser las siguientes: personas, números, colores,
letras, figuras, etc. Se dice que un elemento (o miembro) pertenece al conjunto si está definido como incluido de
algún modo dentro de él.
Ejemplo: el conjunto de los colores del arcoíris es:
AI = {rojo, naranja, amarillo, verde, azul, añil, violeta}
Un conjunto suele definirse mediante una propiedad que todos sus elementos poseen. Por ejemplo, para los
números naturales, si se considera la propiedad de ser un número primo, el conjunto de los números primos es:
P = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, …}
Se llama valor absoluto de un número real X y se denota por |X| real no negativo que cumple:
|X| = X ; X ≥ 0 o X ; X < 0
También
|X| = 𝑋 ; 𝑋 > 0 𝑜 0 ; 𝑋 = 0 𝑜 − 𝑋 ; 𝑋 < 0
Ejercicio:
|X – 5| = 4
X – 5 = 4 y X – 5 =-4
X = 4 + 5 y X = -4 + 5
X = 9 y X = 1
Ejercicio operaciones con conjuntos:
Una desigualdad de valor absoluto es una desigualdad que tiene un signo de valor absoluto con una variable
dentro.
Ejercicio:
| x+2 | ≥ 4
X + 2 ≥ 4 o X + 2 ≤ –4 2
X ≥ 4 – 2 o X ≤ -4 -2
X ≥ 2 o X ≤ -6
Se puede definir a los números reales como aquellos números que tienen expansión decimal periódica o tiene
expansión decimal no periódica. Por ejemplo:
a)
3 es un número real ya que 3 = 3,00000000000….
b)
½ es un número real ya que ½ = 0,5000000000….
Ejercicio:
|X – 5| = 4
X – 5 = 4 y X – 5 =-4
X = 4 + 5 y X = -4 + 5
X = 9 y X = 1

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Numeros reales Marialy Castillo

  • 2. En matemáticas, un conjunto es una colección de elementos con características similares considerada en sí misma como un objeto. Los elementos de un conjunto, pueden ser las siguientes: personas, números, colores, letras, figuras, etc. Se dice que un elemento (o miembro) pertenece al conjunto si está definido como incluido de algún modo dentro de él. Ejemplo: el conjunto de los colores del arcoíris es: AI = {rojo, naranja, amarillo, verde, azul, añil, violeta} Un conjunto suele definirse mediante una propiedad que todos sus elementos poseen. Por ejemplo, para los números naturales, si se considera la propiedad de ser un número primo, el conjunto de los números primos es: P = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, …}
  • 3. Se llama valor absoluto de un número real X y se denota por |X| real no negativo que cumple: |X| = X ; X ≥ 0 o X ; X < 0 También |X| = 𝑋 ; 𝑋 > 0 𝑜 0 ; 𝑋 = 0 𝑜 − 𝑋 ; 𝑋 < 0 Ejercicio: |X – 5| = 4 X – 5 = 4 y X – 5 =-4 X = 4 + 5 y X = -4 + 5 X = 9 y X = 1
  • 5. Una desigualdad de valor absoluto es una desigualdad que tiene un signo de valor absoluto con una variable dentro. Ejercicio: | x+2 | ≥ 4 X + 2 ≥ 4 o X + 2 ≤ –4 2 X ≥ 4 – 2 o X ≤ -4 -2 X ≥ 2 o X ≤ -6
  • 6. Se puede definir a los números reales como aquellos números que tienen expansión decimal periódica o tiene expansión decimal no periódica. Por ejemplo: a) 3 es un número real ya que 3 = 3,00000000000…. b) ½ es un número real ya que ½ = 0,5000000000…. Ejercicio: |X – 5| = 4 X – 5 = 4 y X – 5 =-4 X = 4 + 5 y X = -4 + 5 X = 9 y X = 1