Summary of Bio-Char Activities Carried out in Egypt

1. 1
Summary of Bio-Char Activities Carried out in Egypt
 Implemented of four experiments as follow:
A. Effect of Bio-char and Some Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield
and Quality Traits of Alfalfa {Perennial Crop; we have completely data
for 16-Mows} (North Sinai-Governorate).
B. Effect of Bio-char and Some Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield
and Quality Traits of Faba Bean {Winter Season crop; we have completely
data for two-season; 2013-2014 & 2014-2015} (North Sinai-Governorate).
C. Effect of Bio-char and Some Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield
and Quality Traits of Pearl Millet {Summer Season Crop; we have
completely data for one season; 2014 and the second season are
established this year-2015} (North Sinai-Governorate).
 Treatments:
1. T1: Bio-char (1-kg/m2).
2. T2: Sheep and Goats Manure
3. T3: Bio-Fertilizers (Phosphorin, Potasin-P and Rizobacterin)
4. T4: Chemical Fertilizers (As Recommended Rates)
5. T5: T1 + 100% of T4
6. T5: T1 + 50% of T4
7. T5: T1 + 25% of T4
8. T5: T2 + 100% of T4
9. T5: T2 + 50% of T4
10. T5: T2 + 25% of T4
11. T5: T3 + 100% of T4
12. T5: T3 + 50% of T4
13. T3 + 25% of T4
14. T1 + T2
15. T1 + T3
16. T1 + T2 + T3
 Sowing Date:
o Alfalfa: 21.12.2013 (Because of the delay of the arrival of Bio-char
from Finland)
Agriculture Research Center
Field Crops Research Institute
Egyptian-Finnish-Project
(EGY/ICI MTT/FCRI-14208006)
In Collaboration with
Development of Fodder Resources in Sinai-Project

2. 2
o Faba Bean: 1st
season: 21.12.2013
2nd
season: 30.10.2014
o Pearl Millet: 1st
season: 09.05.2014
2nd
season: 28.04.2015 (Summer Season-2015)
 Plot Area: 1.00 m x 25.00 m = 25.00 m2
 No. of Rep.: 3-Reps
 Irrigation system: Drip Irrigation; 100 cm between Lines & 30 cm
between drippers
 ECw ranged from: 4200-4800 ppm through the year.
D. Effects of addition of Bio-char on Onions (Allium cepa L.) yield under
three levels of water irrigation. {Winter Season Crop; 2014-2015} (IARS-
Ismailia Agriculture Research Station, Ismailia-Governorate).
 Treatments:
1. Three levels of Irrigation:
a) 60% Depletion
b) 40% Depilation
c) 20% Depilation
2. Three Rate of Bio-char:
a) Control (without bio-char)
b) 0.500 kg/m2
c) 1.000 kg/m2
 No. of Mows for Alfalfa: 16-Mows.
No. of Mow Mow Date No. of Mow Mow Date
1 18.03.2014 9 05.10.2014
2 15.04.2014 10 02.11.2014
3 08.05.2014 11 01.12.2014
4 31.05.2014 12 31.12.2014
5 26.06.2014 13 29.01.2015
6 21.07.2014 14 28.02.2015
7 14.08.2014 15 29.03.2015
8 09.09.2014 16 30.04.2015
­ Alfalfa Traits:
1. Plant height.
2. Leaf/Stem Ratio.
3. FFY: Fresh Forage Yield (Ton / Fad.)
4. DFY: Dry Forage Yield (Ton / Fad.)
5. DM (%): Dry Matter (%)
6. WUED: Water Use Efficiency based on Dry Yield
7. CP&CF: Crude Protein & Crude fiber
8. TDN: Total Digestible Nutrients

3. 3
9. DCP: Digestible Crude Protein
10. T.C: Ton Cost
11. N.P.F: Net Profit / Fadden
12. P.T.P: Profit from Ton production
13. P.I.P: Profit from Investor Pound
­ Faba Bean Traits:
o Shedding Percentage (%):
- Total Shedding Percentage.
o Yield and Yield Components:
1. Plant height (cm)
2. No. of branches/ Plt.
3. No. of internodes/Main stem,
4. No. of pods / Plt.
5. Pod Length (cm)
6. No. of seeds/Pod
7. 100-seeds weight (Seeds index)
8. Green Pods Yield
9. Seed Yield,
10.Total Biomass (above ground Phytomass)
11.Harvest Index.
12.T.C: Ton Cost (for green pods & seed yield)
13.N.P.F: Net Profit / Fadden (for green pods & seed yield)
14.P.T.P: Profit from Ton production (for green pods & seed yield)
15.P.I.P: Profit from Investor Pound (for green pods & seed yield)
 No. of Mows for Pearl Millet in the 1st
Season (2014): 4-Mows.
No. of Mow Mow Date
1 30.06.2014
2 27.07.2014
3 24.08.2014
4 22.09.2014
- Pearl Millet Traits:
1. Plant height.
2. FFY: Fresh Forage Yield (Ton / Fad.)
3. DFY: Dry Forage Yield (Ton / Fad.)
4. DM (%): Dry Matter (%)
5. WUED: Water Use Efficiency based on Dry Yield
6. CP&CF: Crude Protein & Crude fiber
7. TDN: Total Digestible Nutrients
8. DCP: Digestible Crude Protein
9. T.C: Ton Cost
10.N.P.F: Net Profit / Fadden
11.P.T.P: Profit from Ton production

4. 4
12.P.I.P: Profit from Investor Pound
 Slow Pyrolysis Retort-Machine:
 Several cycles were done as follow (38- Cycles):
Months No. of Cycles Date
January-2014 3-cycles 02-03, 13-14, 25-26.01.2014
February-2014 3-cycles
03-04, 26-27.02.2014. In addition to, the
1st
workshop cycle (18-19.02.2014)
March-2014 3-cycles 04-05, 11-12, 18-19.03.2014
April-2014 2-cycles 06-07, 14-15.04.2014
May-2015 3-cycles 09-10, 16-17, 23-24.05.2014.
June-2014 4-cycles
13-14, 14-15.06.2014. In addition to, the
3rd
Workshop cycle (01-02.06.2014;
Prof. Kari Tiilikkala) and 4th
workshop
cycle (23-24.06.2014)
July-2014 4-cycles 05-06, 12-13, 19-20, 26-27.07.2014
August-2014 1-cycle 08-09.08.2014
September-2014 1-cycle 12-13.09.2014
October-2014 1-cycle 12-13.10.2014
November-2014 2-cycles 08-09, 14-15.11.2014
December-2014 2-cycles 05-06, 12-13.12.2014
January-2015 3-cycles 09-10, 16-17, 23-24.01.2015
February-2015 2-cycles 13-14, 20-21.02.2015
March-2015 2-cycles 13-14, 27-28.03.2015
April-2015 2-cycles 17-18, 24-25.04.2015
 Used Materials:
­ Tomato Straw (Solanum lycopersicum L.) {12-Cycles}.
­ Cantaloupe Straw (Cucumis melo L.) {10-Cycles}.
­ Remnants of Date Palms (Phoenix dactylifera) {07-Cycles}.
­ Remnants of Olive Trees (Olea europaea) {08-Cycles}.
­ Tamarix (Tamarix nilotica) {1-Cycle}.
Notice:
o The Product Liquid from Tomato Straw Is Best One as Herbicide,
especially, on Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)
o Tamarix (Tamarix nilotica)-cycle was characterized by:
­ Spent a long time (07:55 h), despite of the well dry used material.
­ Low amount of product liquid (01.500 L).
o Data Recorded for All Cycles: Used Materials (Kg), End Products-
Char (Kg), Liquid Volume (L) and Spent Time (h).

5. 5
 Seminars & Wokshops:
 Wokshops:
Implemented of 4-Wokshops:
1. 1st Workshop: Converting Agricultural Waste to Bio-products Between
Theory and Practice.
 18-19 February 2014
 Place: Rabaa Village, Rummana, North Sinai-Governorate
 No. of Attendees & Farmers: 49
 No. of Females: 17
 No. of Males: 32
2. 3rd
Workshop: Agricultural Residues Management {Prof. Dr. Kari
Tiilikkala}.
 05-06 June 2014
 Place: Ektia Village, Rummana Agriculture-Dept.; Bir Al-Abed
District; North Sinai-Governorate
 No. of Attendees & Farmers: 64
 No. of Females: 35
 No. of Males: 29
3. 4th
Workshop: Converting Agricultural Waste to Bio-products Between
Theory and Practice In North Sinai-Governorate
 23-24 June 2014
 Place: Sadat Village, Bir Al-Abed, North Sinai-Governorate
 No. of Attendees & Farmers: 52
 No. of Females: 15
 No. of Males: 37
4. 9th Workshop: Pyrolysis of Agricultural Residues: Production and
Characterization of Bio-char Soils Management
 09-11 March 2015
 Place: IARS: Ismailia-Agriculture Research Station, Ismailia
Governorate
 No. of Attendees: 92
 No. of Females: 52
 No. of Males: 40
 Seminars:
Implemented of 1-Seminar:
1. 1st
Seminar: Agricultural Residues Management with Conservation
Agriculture: Potential, Constraints and Needs {Prof. Dr. Kari Tiilikkala}.
 05 June 2014
 Place: FCRI-Field Crops Research Institute, Giza, Giza-Governorate
 No. of Attendees: 63
 No. of Females: 25
 No. of Males: 38