Different on farm inputs that can be prepared by farmer for soil health improvement.

1. BY
K.V. RAMANAIAH , M.Sc., (Ag.)
Scientist (Soil Science)
Krishi Vigyan Kendra ,
Yagantipalle, Kurnool dist.
Training on production &
application of Organic Inputs

2. INTRODUCTION
 Per capita land availability
By.2000.A.D 0.14 ha.
By 2020. A.D 0.08 ha
 Reduction is due to increased population
leading to great stress on land resource

3. Food production( m.t.) in India
1950-51 50.8
2018-2019 255
 Requirement by 2025 301

4. Fertilizer Consumption (m.t)
 1950 0.0 65
 2018-2019 28.0
 2025 35 + 10*
 * from organic and bio-fertilizers

5. Existing Scenario
Deviation in huge levels of Chemical fertilisers
from recommendations causes -
 Low productivity
 Low profitability

6. Strategy
 Promotion of organic inputs for
Reducing cost of production
Better soil health care
Sustain Soil productivity

7. Low cost Technologies
 Definition of organic inputs
 Need and Scope
 List of Organic inputs

8. Need
 Soil health deterioration
 Imbalanced nutrition
 Severe pest and disease incidence
 Increased cost of production
 No sustainability in Yield and income
 Suicides

9. Scope
 Abundant Natural resources
 Wider Bio diversity
 Low cost resources
 Big marketing

10. List of organic Inputs
 FYM
 Green manures
 NADEP Compost
 Oil cakes
 Poultry manures
 Biogas slurry

11. List of organic Inputs
 Vermi compost
 Bio-urea/Bio-soil (Enriched tank silt)
 Solid Jeevamruth
 Liquid manures
 Amruth jal
 Panchagavya
 Vermi Wash

12. VERMI COMPOST

13. Materials required
1.Shed
2.Organic farm waste
3.Farm yard manure
4.Water
5.Earthworms

14. SHED

15. Farm waste

16. FARM YARD MANURE

17. EARTH WORMS

18. Earth worms species
 Non Burrowing
Examples
 1.Esinia foetida
 2.Udrilus uginii

19. Steps in preparation
 Preparation of bed
Bed size-length-depends on length of
shed
Width-3 ft.
Height-1.5-2ft

20. BEDS 1.Tubs

21. 2. Open bed systm

22. Preparation Method
 1st layer -Jowar straw or coconut coir -4 inch
 2nd layer-FYM -4inch
 3rd layer-Farm waste -10 to 12 inch
 4th layer-FYM -6 inch
 Earth worms leave on 4th layer

23.  How to identify compost
 Works after compost prepared
 Precautions

24. Nutritional status
Nutrient content
Nitrogen 2. 55%
Phosphorus 1. 05%
Potassium 1. 57%
Fe,ZN,Mn, B 200-700 ppm
OC 27%
IAA 8.2 mg/kg
Kinetin 5.7 mg/kg

25. Application of Vermi compost
 50% Vrmicompost+50% Chemical frtiliser
 For ID Crops and Vegetables 1-2tones/acre
 Dry crops 2-3q/ac
 Fruit crops 5-10 kg/tree
 Pot plant 200g/plant

26. Bio-urea/ Bio soil
Materials required:
1. Trench (nearby cattle shed )
2. Tank silt
3. Cow dung water and urine
Procedure
1.Filling of tank silt in trench
2. Drenching with dung water and urine by
gravity
3. Allow the process for 3 months

27. Bio-urea/ Bio soil
Application
1. For Rainfed crops-500 Kg
2. Irrigated:1000 kg
3. Fruit crops-5-10 Kg/tree

28. NADEP COMPOST

29. Materials
 Tub
 Agrcultural waste
 Dung
 Water
 Fine Soil

30. NADEP Compost Tub
Size - 12x5x3 ft.

31. Procedure
 1st Layer - farm waste 15 cm. thickness
 Sprinkling of dung water on farm waste
 2 nd layer –fine soil -5cm thickness
 Continue the process till dome shape on tub
 Duration -4 months
 Capacity of tub-2.5 tones per cycle

32. AMRUTH JAL

33. MATERIALS REQUIRED
 1. Cow dung 10 kg
 2.Jaggery 500gr
 3.Cow ghee 250 gr.
 4.Water 200lit
 5. Plastic drum 200 lit.
capacity
 6 . Earthen pot 1 no.

34. Procedure
 Cow dung +cow ghee + jagery+ water
 Transferred to drum
 Make upto 200lit.
 Stirring for 3-4 hours
Application
Through irrigation water or sprinkling

35. LIQUID JEEVAMRUTH

36. Materials required
 Cow dung 10 kg
 Cow urine 10.lit
 Jaggery 1kg
 Pulse flour 1 Kg
 Water 200 lit.
 Plastic drum 200 lit. cap.

37. Procedure
 Mixing of dung+ urine+ Pulses
flour +water in plastic drum
 Stirring for 2 hours
Application: 4-8 days after
preparation
Through irrigation water

38. SOILD JEEVAMRUTH

39. Materials required
 Cow dung (72 hours below) - 100 kg
 Jaggery 2kg
 Pulse flour 2 Kg
 Bio-soil 200g
.

40. Procedure
 Well Mixing of dung+Jaggery +
Pulses flour +Soil on flooring
 Allow heap for 48 hours
Application
Soil application- Broadcasting -400
Kg./ac

41. VERMIWASH

42. Materials required
 Bucket or tub
 Farm waste
 FYM
 Earth worms
 Water
 Small stones
 Coconut coir

44. Procedure
 1st layer- small stones 4 inc.
 2nd layer coconut coir-2inc.
 Filling tub with FYM+Farm waste
mixture
 Watering for 4-5 days
 Leaving earth worms
 Daily watering as per requirement
 After 20-30 days excess watering
 Collecting vermi wash through tap
provided
 Continue for 7-10 days

45. Application
 Spraying 1:10 ratio

46.  pH 7.48 ± 0.03
 Electro conductivity dS/m 0.25 ± 0.03
 Organic Carbon % 0.008 ± 0.001
 Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen % 0.01±0.005
 Available Phosphate % 1.69 ± 0.05
 Potassium (ppm) 25 ± 2
 Sodium (ppm) 8 ± 1
 Calcium (ppm) 3 ± 1
 Copper (ppm) 0.01 ± 0.001
 Ferrous (ppm) 0.06 ± 0.001
 Magnesium (ppm) 158.44 ± 23.42
 Manganese (ppm) 0.58 ± 0.040
 Zinc (ppm) 0.02 ± 0.001
 Total Heterotrophs (CFU/ml) 1.79 x 103
 Nitrosomonas (CFU/ml) 1.01 x 103
 Nitrobacter (CFU/ml) 1.12 x 103
 Total Fungi (CFU/ml) 1.46 x 103
VERMIWASH ANALYSIS REPORT

47. PANCHA GAVYA

48. Materials
 Cow dung 5kg
 Cow urine 3lit
 Cow milk 2 lit.
 Cow curd 2lit
 Cow ghee 0. 5 kg
 Coconut water 3lit.
 Neera 3lit
 Rotten banana 1 dozen
 Water 3lit.
 Jaggery 1kg

49. Procedure
 Mixing of dung+ghee in a pot for 4days
 Add all items on 5th day
 Fermentation for 15days with daily stirring
 Then filter
 Store up to 6 months
Application
For paddy 5 li t in 100 lit water
other crops 3 lit.

50. Cow ghee Cow dung

51. Steps in mixing of cow dung ghee

52. Mixing and Stirring of dung ghee
paste ,milk,curd and urine

53. Filtering after15 days of Fermentation

54. Nutritional status
 Nitrogen % 1. 28
 Phosphorus % 0. 71
 Potash % 2. 23
 OC % 7. 53

55. Circular paper chromatographic
images
Soil initial
Manure applied soil
Post harvested soil