Psychology Presentation Template
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1. WWW.IZALEO.COM
Psychology is the study of the mind and of thought, feeling,
and behaviour. It is an academic and applied
discipline which involves the scientific study
of mental functions and behaviors.
Izaleo
Presentation
2. Psychology
Definition
Psychology is the study of the mind and of thought, feeling,
and behaviour. It is an academic and applied
discipline which involves the scientific study
of mental functions and behaviors.
WWW.IZALEO.COM
3. Branches Of
Psychology
Psychology has been split up into smaller parts
called branches. These are subjects in psychology
that try to answer a particular group of questions
about how people think. Some branches of
psychology that are often studied are:
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5. Abnormal
Psychology
Abnormal psychology is a part of psychology. People who study
abnormal psychology are psychologists. They are scientists that
investigate the mind using the scientific method.
A mental illness is an illness of the mind. People with a mental
illness may behave in strange ways or have strange thoughts in
their view or the view of others.
Mental Illness
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6. Mental illnesses develop during the life of a person. This may be linked to genes and/or experience. What is considered as a mental illness has
changed over time. What is considered to be a mental illness may not be one in a different culture. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (DSM) by the American Psychiatric Association is used around the world.
A mental illness is an illness of the mind. People with a mental illness may behave in strange ways or have strange thoughts in their view or the
view of others.
Mental
Illness
7. Clinical
Psychology
Clinical psychology is an integration of science, theory and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing,
and relieving psychologically based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.
Psychotherapy uses talking instead of medical or physical treatments. In many countries, clinical psychology is a regulated
mental health profession.
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8. History of
Clinical psychology
In the early 19th century, one approach to study mental conditions and behavior
was using the study of personality by examining the shape of the skull. Other
popular treatments at that time included the study of the shape of the face and a
treatment for mental conditions using magnets.
The study of mental illness was already being done in the developing fields
of psychiatry and neurology within the asylum movement. It was not until the end
of the 19th century, around the time when Sigmund Freud was first developing
his "talking cure" in Vienna, that the first scientific application of clinical
psychology began.
9. History of Clinical
psychology
Psychologists' reputation as assessment experts became solidified
during World War I with the development of two intelligence tests..
WW II helped bring dramatic changes to clinical psychology, not just
in America but internationally as well.
The first psychological clinic opened in 1896 at the University of
Pennsylvania by Lightner Witmer. In the first half of the 20th
century, clinical psychology mainly about psychological assessment,
not treatment.
10. Professional Practice Clinical psychologists engage in a wide range of
activities. Some focus solely on research into the
assessment, treatment, or cause of mental illness
and related conditions. Some teach, whether in a
medical school or hospital setting, or in an
academic department.
In clinical practice, clinical psychologists may
work with individuals, couples, families, or
groups in a variety of settings, including private
practices, hospitals, mental health organizations,
schools, businesses, and non-profit agencies.
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11. Four Main Schools
Clinical psychologists generally train in one of four primary academic areas –
psychodynamic, humanistic, behavior therapy/cognitive behavioral, and
systems or family therapy.
Physodynamic
Humanistic
12. Psychodynamic
Sigmund Freud's ideas led to the development of psychodynamic psychotherapy.Its goal is to help the patient,or
client, to understand the meaning of the unconscious desires and conflicts that have caused their problems.
13. Humanistic
Humanistic psychology was developed in the 1950s in reaction to
both behaviourism (the belief that conditioning is the main cause of
human behavior) and psychoanalysis (the belief that the unconscious is
the main cause of human behavior.
The major principles of humanistic psychology are:
• A person's present is more important than his past or future
• People must take responsibility for their actions to be mentally healthy
• Every person deserves basic human dignity
• Self-improvement and self-understanding is the key to happiness
14. Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology is a branch of ) psychology that looks at basic actions of the mind.
These are aspects of the higher brain, such as thought, feeling, problem solving, memory,
and language. Cognitive psychologists often look at mental changes that happen after
a stimulus (things that can be felt by the five senses) and before a behavioral
response (what a person does after sensing something.
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16. Cross-Cultural Psychology
Cross-cultural psychology is the study of the difference cultures can have on psychology. The environment,
societal customs and changes in the overall structure of different countries may affect the psychology of
individuals distinctly. It has relations in anthropology and sociological psychology.
17. Developmental Psychology
Developmental psychology, also called human development, is the emotional study of how a person changes psychologically (mind and behavior) as they
get older. Developmental psychologists first studied infants and children, and later they also studied teenagers (or adolescents) and adults.
Developmental psychology studies human change in a lot of areas, including motor skills (and other processes that are both physical and
psychological), problem solving abilities, understanding of concepts, learning language, moral understanding, and identity.
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18. Educational
Psychology
Educational psychology is a branch of psychology.
It has ancient roots, but was mostly developed in
the 20th century. It has two "faces", the scientific
and the humanistic.
The Scientist
The Humanistic
Two Concept of
Educational Psychology
19. The Scientific
Education as an objective science was strongly promoted around 1900 by
Alfred Binet and Edward Thorndike. Binet it was who invented the first
intelligence tests, and they were extended and promoted in English by
Louis Terman.Binet's ideas were sympathetic to Thorndike, who was
above all interested in turning psychology into a real science by research,
measurement and empirical evidence.
20. The Humanistic
The other way to look at educational psychology is to notice that a child is a growing person. Unlike most adults, the child is open to influence. Education does change a child. The
emphasis on the child as a growing person is typical of humanistic psychology. It has many supporters, especially at primary school level. Examples of educators whose interest was
humanistic include Johann Pestalozzi, Maria Montessori, John Dewey, and Jean Piaget. This type of approach is called "child-centered" education.
21. Evolutionary
Psychology
Evolutionary psychology is a branch of psychology which investigates behavior
which has evolved. It is similar in this respect to ethology, which has always used
ideas from evolutionary biology.
Evolutionary psychology is related to other fields of science like sociobiology,
social psychology, and sociocultural anthropology. Evolutionary psychologists
argue that much of human behaviour is the result of adaptations which evolved to
solve recurrent problems in human ancestral environments.
22. Neuropsychology is the scientific discipline that
studies the structure and function of the brain related
to more common psychological processes and overt
behaviors. The term has been applied to lesion
studies in humans and animals. It has also been
applied to efforts to record electrical activity from
individual cells (or groups of cells) in higher primates
(including some studies of human patients).
Neuropsychology
23. Motivation
Motivation is an important part of human psychology.Motivation makes a person want
to work towards a goal.It makes people want to take action.For example, hunger is a
motivation which causes a desire to eat. Motivation is the purpose or psychological
cause of an action
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24. Perceptual psychology is a subfield of cognitive
psychology that is concerned specifically with the
pre-conscious innate aspects of the human
cognitive system or perception. A pioneer of this
field was J. J. Gibson.
Perceptual
Psychology
25. Social Psychology
Social psychology is the study in psychology of how people and groups interact.
Researchers in this field are often either psychologists or sociologists. All social
psychologists use both the individual and the group as their unit of analysis.
26. Methods
Psychology is a type of science, and research
psychologists use many of the same types of
methods that researchers from other natural
and social sciences use.
27. Psychology is a type of science, and research
psychologists use many of the same types of
methods that researchers from other natural
and social sciences use.
Psychologists make theories to try to explain a
behavior or pattern they see. Based on their
theory they make some predictions. They then
carry out an experiment or collect other types of
information that will tell them whether their
predictions were right or wrong
Scientific
Approaches
28. Symbolic and
Subjective
Approaches
Not all psychology is scientific psychology. Psychodynamic psychology and depth psychology do things
like interpreting people's dreams to understand the unconscious mind, as in older approaches to
psychology begun by Carl Jung who was particularly interested in finding methods for measuring what
kind of personality people have
Humanistic psychology and existential psychology also believe that it is more important to understand
personal meaning than to find causes and effects of mental processes and behaviours.
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29. Psychologists
Psychologists are people who work in the field of psychology. A psychologist may work in
either basic research or applied research. Basic research is the study of people or animals to
learn more about them.Applied research is using what was learned from basic research to
solve real-world problems. If he or she is qualified as a clinical psychologist they may be
a therapist or counsellor as well as a researcher
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