3. The Media
The Students
The Teacher
The School
The Materials and Assessment tools and Procedures
The Objectives
4. System Approach to
Instruction
• Is simple in theory but far from being
simplistic in practice.
• Calculate possibilities dealing with
institutional problems and
developmental issues.
5. Elements or Factors that the
teacher has to take into
consideration:
The
Learners’
Needs
6. Elements or Factors that the
teacher has to take into
consideration:
Entry
knowledge
and
skills
7. Elements or Factors that the
teacher has to take into
consideration:
Learners
interests
8. Elements or Factors that the
teacher has to take into
consideration:
Home
Background
9. Elements or Factors that the
teacher has to take into
consideration:
Prior
Experiences
10. Elements or Factors that the
teacher has to take into
consideration:
Developmental
Stage
11. Elements or Factors that the
teacher has to take into
consideration:
Nature
and
Likes
15. What is the purpose of a
system instructional design?
16. What is the purpose of a
system instructional design?
“ to ensure orderly
relationship and
interaction of human,
technical, and
environmental resources
to fulfill the goals which
have been established
for instruction. ‘’
- ( Brown, 1969 )
17. The Phases of a Systematic
Approach to Instruction
1. Formulation of Instructional Objectives
2. The Process of Instructional Objectives
3. Assessment of Learning
18. Formulation of Instructional
Objectives
There are 2 kind of Instructional
Objectives
1. Specific Objective – is an objective for
a small unit of learning.
2. General Objective – is broader in
scope and it includes a big unit of
study.
19. The Process of Instructional
Objectives
The Process of Instructional
Objectives or Instructional Process
Itself has
2 Phases:
1. Planning for Instruction
2. The Instructional Phase
20. Planning for Instruction
• Introduction
-Motivating students
-Informing students of objectives
-Helping students to recall prerequisites
• Development
-Presenting information and examples
-Providing practice and feedback
• Conclusion
- Summarizing the lesson
21. The Instructional Phase
May begin with a review portion of
past lesson, followed by motivation
and the lesson development which
may end in an application of what
was learned.
22. Assessment of Learning
Assists teachers to use
evidence of student learning
to assess student
achievement against learning
goals and standards.