The document provides case studies of two architect residences: Gropius House designed by Walter Gropius and Frank Lloyd Wright's Home and Studio. It includes biographies of Gropius and Wright, their architectural philosophies, and details about the design and layout of each residence. Gropius House in Lincoln, Massachusetts was Gropius's first architectural commission in the US and incorporated modern materials like glass and steel. Frank Lloyd Wright's Home and Studio in Oak Park, Illinois showcases his principles of organic architecture by integrating the building with its natural surroundings.

1. Architectural DesignIII
Submitted By -
LipikaPandey
B.Arch, 3rd sem ,Roll –28702319002
RaniRashmoniSchoolOfArchitecture
Case Study on -
ARCHITECT’S RESIDENCE

2. OUTLINE
• CASE I – GROPIUS HOUSE
• Biography of George Walter Gropius
• Philosophies of Walter Gropius
• Gropius about Architecture
• GROPIUS HOUSE
• CASE II – FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT’S HOME AND STUDIO
• Biography of Frank Lloyd Wright
• Philosophies of Frank Lloyd Wright
• Frank Lloyd Wright about Architecture
• FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT’S HOME AND STUDIO

3. CASE I-
GROPIUS HOUSE

4. Biographyof George Walter Adolph
Gropius• George WalterAdolph Gropiuswasbornin Berlin on18th May 1883
• He wasthe thirdchild ofWalterAdolphGropius andManonAuguste
• Earlierhe wastaughtbyhis father.
• Educatedin privateelementaryschool, whichhe left in 1903andwentto
Technical University in Munich tostudyArchitecture,butleft thatwithout
takingthedegree.
• He couldnotdrawandwasdependentoncollaboratorsandpartner-
interpretersthroughouthis career.
• His fatherandhis greatuncleMartinGropius werearchitect,thatwaswhy
he wantedtobecomeanarchitectfromhis childhooddays.He wasalso
inspired fromWilliam Morris(an English textiledesigner, artist,writerand
socialist).
• He wasalsointerestedin vessel designing, wine glassdesigning, chair
designing, graphicdesigning, staircasedesigning,etc.
• He died in Boston,Massachusetts,United Stateson 5th July 1969

5. Philosophies Of George Walter Adolph
Gropius• STYLE –
- Simplegeometry, oftenrectangle
- Useofmodern materialslike steel andglass
- Smoothsurfaces
- Primarycolors
- Linearandhorizontalelements
• TECHNIQUES–
- Teamwordandanacceptanceof standardizationandprefabrication
- Transformationof building intoscience ofprecisemathematicalcalculations,using
technology
- Gropiusintroduceda screen wall systemthatutilizedastructuralsteel frameto supportthe
floorsandwhich allowedthe externalglasswallsto continuewithoutinterruption.

6. • To build is to createevent.
• Architects , sculptors , painters , we must all returnto the crafts. Forartis nota
‘profession’. There is no essential difference between an artist and a craftsman.
Theartist is the exalted craftsman.
• Thefinal goal of all artistic activity is architecture.
• Architecture begins where engineering ends.
• Society needs a good image of itself, that is the job of an architect.
George Walter Adolph Gropius about
Architecture

7. • LOCATION–68 BakerBridgeRoad,Lincoln,Massachusetts
• COORDINATES–4225N,7119W
• AREA–5. 51 acres
• ARCHITECTURALSTYLE– Modern
• BUILTIN –1938
• MATERIALSUSED–Wood,Brick,Fieldstone, Glassblock,Acousticplaster,Chromebanister,etc
• ESTIMATEDCOST–nearly US $20,000
• THINGSNEARBY TO VISIT– MinuteManNationalHistoricpark,decoratedSculptureparkand
museum, MassAudubon'sdrumlinfarm,etc
• GENERALTEMPERATURE– -7.7Cto28.3C(rarely below-16.11Cor above32.77C)
• GENERALRAINFALL– 1.7inchesto 3.9inches
• GENERALWINDSPEED–5.8miles perhour
• GENERALTOPOGRAPHY–Within2miles thereis modestvariationin elevation, witha maximum
elevation change of243feet andanaverageelevation abovesea level
of217feet.Theareawithin2miles is covered withtrees(89%) .
GROPIUS HOUSE

8. GROPIUS HOUSE
GropiusHouse intheMapof
Massachusetts,US
GropiusHouse site

9. • It was the familyresidence of Gropius.
• Itis now owned by Historic NewEngland and (since 2000)is open to the public.
• This housewas GeorgeWalter Gropius’s first architectural commission in UnitedStates.
• Hedesigned it in 1937when hecame to teach at Harvard University‘s Graduate School Of
Design, and it was built in1938.
• Thehousecaused a sensation whenbuilt. In keepingwith Bauhausphilosophy, every aspect of
the houseand its surroundinglandscape was planned for maximumefficiencyand simplicity.
• Gropius carefullysited the houseto complement its New England habitat on a rise within an
orchardof 90apple trees. It mixes up the traditional materials of NewEngland architecture
(wood, brick, fieldstone) with industrial materials such as glass block, acoustic plaster and
chromebanister.
• Thehousestructureconsists of a traditional NewEngland post and beam wooden frame.
• It was done inpartnership with Marcel Breller in Lincoln (1937-1938)members, lends a
different and softer characterto the building. Timbercladding was hung vertically.
• Inconsistent use of elements like spiral stair to roof terraceand sun lounge.
• Theplan was without corridors and essentially a compact, functional solution to the
requirementsof modern houseplanning.
GROPIUS HOUSE

10. GROPIUS HOUSE
Plan , Elevation and Section ofGropius House

11. GROPIUS HOUSE
Plan , Elevation and Section ofGropius House

12. • INTERIOR –
– LIVINGROOM –Containsa fireplaceforits practicalvalue aswell
asthe psychologicaleffectanopen firehasonmakingone feel safe
andcomfortable.Thetopshelf ofthe bookcasecontainsonlybooks
writtenbyGropiusorhis collaboration,sohe wouldhavecopies on
handtosign andgiveit tohis guests.
– DININGROOM– Whilethe Gropius’sentertainedin theliving
room,amaid wouldbebehindthe drapepreparing thedining room
fordinner.Using museum lightening, Gropiuscreateda dramatic
scene withthelight illuminating justtothe edge ofthetable.The
guestswouldbein darkwhile thecrystalandtablewaresparkled.
– FRONT ENTRY– Curvedstaircasefacesawayfromthe entry
signifying theupstairsasaprivateplace.Byremoving the closetdoor,
the closetis incorporatedasa design element asa waytointroduce
colorandtexturethatwouldchangewiththe seasons.Flooris acork
tile which is soundabsorbing,durableandfunctional.
GROPIUS HOUSE

13. CASE II-
FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’s
HOME AND STUDIO

14. • FrankLloydWrightwasbornin RichlandCenter,Wisconsin,onJune8, 1868
• YoungFrankspentmuch timeplayingwiththe blocks.Theseweregeometrically
shapedandcouldbeassembledin variouscombinationstoform3Dcompositions.
Manyofhis buildings arenotableforthe geometrical claritytheyexhibit.
• FrankattendedaMadisonhigh school butthereis noevidence thathe ever
graduated,he left theschool withoutdegree.
• Frankthenmoved toChicago andjoinedanarchitecturalfirm ofJoseph Lyman
Silsbee.
• FrankleftSilsbee toworkforthe firmofAdler andSulliyanasanapprenticeto
LouiseSulliyan.
• CharleyHouseofChicago washis firstproject.
• Frankdesigned morethan1,000structures,532of whichwerecomplete,more
than450executed buildings,over a periodof70years.
• Frankdied in Phoenix,Arizonaon 9th April 1959,attheage of91.
• He wasthe GreatestAmericanArchitect ofall time.
Biographyof FrankLloyd Wright

15. • FLWdescribed VERNACULARARCHITECTUREasfolkbuilding growing in responsetoactualneeds,
fittedintoenvironment bypeoplewhoknewnobetterthantofitthem withnativefeeling.
• ForFLW design andformacquiredasymbolic meaning. Architecturecanembody –‘Picturesque’
qualitythatharmonizewith theenvironment.
• FLW’sbasicdesign principleswere–
– Organic colors
– Simple geometric shapes
– Strong horizontal lines
– Integration of building with naturalsurroundings.
– Hidden entries.
• FLWdefined theOrganic Architecture(a philosophyofarchitecturewhichpromotesharmony
between humanhabitationandthe naturalworldthroughdesign) –
– Integral to site
– Integral to environment
– Integral to individual
– Integralto materials
Philosophies Of FrankLloyd Wright

16. • Thegood building is notone that hurts the landscape, it makes the landscape
more beautiful than it was before the building was built.
• A great architect is not made byway of a brain nearlyso much as hemade byway
of a cultivated, enriched heart.
• Architecture is life, or at least it is life itself taking form andtherefore it is the truest
recordoflife as it was lived in the world yesterday, as it is living today oreverwill
belived.
• Themother art is architecture. Without an architecture of ourownwe have no
soul of ourcivilization.
• Theonly thing wrong with architecture is architects.
Frank LloydWright about Architecture

17. • LOCATION–951Chicago Avenue,OakPark,Illinois, United StatesofAmerica
• COORDINATES–4153N,8747W
• AREA–0.4 acres
• ARCHITECTURALSTYLE– Shingle
• BUILTIN –1889
• THINGSNEARBY TO VISIT– Unitytemple, Brookfieldzoo,Millennium park,Willis tower,etc.
• GENERALTEMPERATURE– -6.6Cto28.3C(rarely below-16.11Cor above32.77C)
• GENERALRAINFALL– 3.7inches
• GENERALWINDSPEED–11.1 miles perhour
• GENERALTOPOGRAPHY–Within2miles thereis modestvariationin elevation (essentially flat),
witha maximumelevation changeof 52feet andanaverageelevation abovesea level of618feet.
The areawithin 2milesis coveredwithartificialsurfaces(100%), andwithin50milesbywater
(33%) andcropland(31%).
• PUBLICTRANSPORT– Westboundgreen line Ltrain(fromdowntownChicagoCTA),andBoard
unionpacificwest line train(from downtownChicago Metro).
FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’sHOME AND STUDIO

18. FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’sHOME AND STUDIO
Frank LloydWright’s homeandstudio
inthe MapofIllinois,USA
Frank LloydWright’s Home and Studiosite

19. • It wasthefamilyresidence ofFrankLloydWright.
• It hasbeen restoredbyFLWPreservationTrusttoits appearance in 1909,last
sinceFLW lived therewith family.
• The hearthwasthe heartofthehome,andaquoteetched intothe panelabovethe
sunrise fireplacereads– “Truthis life.God friendsaroundthesehearthstones,
speaknoevil wordofanycreature”.
• Enteringthe home thehome’s main entrywayandstaircasespills into theright
entrywayandthe living roombeckonstothe left.
• Dining hall withbaywindowscreatesa ‘roomwithinaroom’ anda moreintimate
dining experienceoverall.
• Theoctagonalpatternisnotonlyrepeatedbutalsorotatedmultiple times.
• The stampofSullivan’sinfluenceisapparentin thesimplificationandabstractof
the building andits plan.
• Definedbybold geometricshapes– asubstantialtriangulargable setupona
rectangle base,polygonalwindowbaysandthecircularwalls ofthe wideveranda.
FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’sHOME AND STUDIO

20. FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’sHOME AND STUDIO
GroundFloor Plan ofFrank Lloyd Wright’s Home and Studio

21. FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’sHOME AND STUDIO
Second Floor Plan ofFrankLloyd Wright’s Home and Studio

22. FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’sHOME AND STUDIO
Elevation ofFrankLloyd Wright’s Home and Studio

23. • INTERIOR –
– Thebedroom was uniquewith its vaulted ceiling, hangingpendant lights and
murals.
– Painted with Wright-Collaborator, Orlando Gianni, the murals at either end of the
room depict a quasi – Native American / Egyptian motif that the pendant lights.
– The‘compression and expansion’ techniquethat FLWused throughouthis career
to divide spaces and emphasize drama, hencethespace become children’s
playroom.
– Doors secluded at either end of the narrowspace behind the fourstork themed
capitals. Aside from the stork (representing fertility and wisdom), the capital also
depict a treeof life (representing nature), books (knowledge), as well as various
architecturalscrolls.
– Comprises the northwest cornerof thebuilding and continues the octagonal
theme. Acantilevered horizontal roof unifies the rectilinearlook other aspects of
the northernfaçade.
– An octagonal second floor mezzaninesurroundsthe atrium and is cleverly
supported bya network of chains, alleviating the need for structural columns, and
FRANKLLOYDWRIGHT’sHOME AND STUDIO

24. • https://www.slideshare.net/onalkothari/architect-frank-lloyd-wright
• https://www.slideshare.net/mansipushpakar/fl-wright-architecture
• https://www.slideshare.net/sumiran46muz/walter-gropius-biography-
phylosophy-works-and-the-bauhaus
• https://www.slideshare.net/guneetkhurana1/architect-walter-groupius
• https://www.weatherspark.com/
• https://www.slideshare.net/
• https://www.archdaily.com/
• https://www.flwright.org/
• Google maps
• Wikipedia
REFERENCES

25. THANKYOU