About Le Corbusier and Villa Savoye

1. Le Corbusier
(6 October,1887 – 27 August,1965)

2. Index
• Life
• Achievements
• Philosophy
• Works
• Villa Sovoye
• Notre Dame Du Haut
• Planning Of Chandigarh
• Capitol Complex

3. Life
• Charles-Édouard Jeanneret, known as Le Corbusier was a Swiss-French
architect, designer, painter, urban planner, writer, and one of the pioneers
of what is now called modern architecture.
• He was born in Switzerland and became a French citizen in 1930. His
career spanned five decades and he designed buildings in Europe, Japan,
India, and North and South America.
• , Le Corbusier was influential in urban planning, and was a founding
member of the Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM).
• Le Corbusier prepared the master plan for the city of Chandigarh in India,
and contributed specific designs for several buildings there.
• Against his doctor's orders, on 27 August 1965, Le Corbusier went for a
swim in the Mediterranean Sea at Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France. His
body was found by bathers and he was pronounced dead at 11 a.m.

4. Achievements
• He received the Frank P. Brown Medal and AIA Gold Medal in 1961.
• The University of Cambridge awarded Le Corbusier an honorary degree in
June 1959.
• On 17 July, 2016 his architectural works were named World Heritage sites
by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization).

5. Works
• 1923: Villa La Roche, Paris, France
• 1928: Villa Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, France
• 1931: Palace of the Soviets, Moscow, USSR (project)
• 1949–1952: United Nations headquarters, New York City, U.S. (Consultant)
• 1951: Sanskar Kendra Museum, Ahmedabad
• 1952–1959: Buildings in Chandigarh, India
• 1959: Government College of Art (GCA) and the Chandigarh College of
Architecture (CCA)
• 1962: Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts at Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts, U.S.
• 1967: Heidi Weber Museum (Centre Le Corbusier), Zürich, Switzerland

6. Furniture
• Le Corbusier was an eloquent critic of the finely crafted, hand-made
furniture, made with rare and exotic woods, inlays and coverings, presented
at the 1925 Exposition of Decorative Arts.
• Le Corbusier first wrote a book with his theories of furniture, complete with
memorable slogans. In his 1925 book L'Art Décoratif d'aujourd'hui.
• In 1928, he inviting the architect Charlotte Perriand, to join his studio as a
furniture designer. His cousin, Pierre Jeanneret, also collaborated on many
of the designs.
• The first results of the collaboration between Le Corbusier and Perriand
were three types of chairs made with chrome-plated tubular steel frames;
The LC4, Chaise Longue, (1927–28), with a covering of cowhide, which gave
it a touch of exoticism; the Fauteuil Grand Confort (LC3) (1928–29), a club
chair with a tubular frame and the fauteuil a Dossier Basculant (LC4) (1928–
29), a low seat suspended in a tubular steel frame, also with a cowhide
upholstery.

8. Villa Savoye

9. • Villa Savoye is a modernist villa in Poissy, on the outskirts of Paris, France.
• It was built between 1928 and 1931 using reinforced concrete.
• The house was originally built as a country retreat on behest of the Savoye
family.
• It was designated as an official French historical monument in 1965. It was
thoroughly renovated from 1985 to 1997.
• It was designed addressing his emblematic "Five Points", the basic tenets
in his new architectural aesthetic.
• Pierre and Eugénie Savoye approached Corbusier about building a country
home in Poissy in the spring of 1928. The site was on a green field on an
otherwise wooded plot of land with a magnificent landscape view to the
north west that corresponded with the approach to the site along the
road.
• Other than an initial brief prepared by Emile for a summer house, space
for cars, an extra bedroom and a caretaker's lodge.
• He began work on the project in September 1928.

10. The five points are:
• the Pilotis, or pylon. The building is raised up on reinforced concrete pylons,
which allows for free circulation on the ground level, and eliminates dark and
damp parts of the house.
• The Roof Terrace. The sloping roof is replaced by a flat roof; the roof can be
used as a garden, for promenades, sports or a swimming pool.
• The Free Plan. Load-bearing walls are replaced by a steel or reinforced
concrete columns, so the interior can be freely designed, and interior walls can
put anywhere, or left out entirely. The structure of the building is not visible
from the outside.
• The Ribbon Window. Since the walls do not support the house, the windows
can run the entire length of the house, so all rooms can get equal light.
• The Free Facade. Since the building is supported by columns in the interior,
the façade can be much lighter and more open, or made entirely of glass.
There is no need for lintels or other structure around the windows.

11. Construction
• Estimates of the cost in February 1929 were approximately half a
million Francs, although this excluded the cost of the lodge and the
landscaping elements.
• Changes made to the design whilst the project was being built including an
amendment to the storey height and the exclusion and then re-introduction
of the chauffeur's accommodation led to the costs rising to approximately
900,000 Francs.
• Construction of the whole house was complete within a year, it was not
habitable until 1931.
• Villa Savoye is constructed from reinforced concrete and masonry units.

12. Design
• It was designed addressing his emblematic "Five Points", the basic tenets
in his new architectural aesthetic.
• On the ground floor he placed the main entrance hall, ramp and stairs,
garage, chauffeur and maid's rooms.
• At first floor the master bedroom, the son's bedroom, guest bedroom,
kitchen, salon and external terraces.
• At second floor level were a series of sculpted spaces that formed a
solarium.
• The four columns in the entrance hall seemingly direct the visitor up the
ramp. This ramp, that can be seen from almost everywhere in the house
continues up to the first floor living area and salon before continuing
externally from the first floor roof terrace up to the second floor solarium.

14. Plan(Ground Floor)

15. Plan(First Floor)

16. Elevation

17. Section

18. Interiors

20. Later History
• Each autumn the Savoyes suffered problems with rainwater leaks through
the roof. These building was also scarred with cracks because the material
was not designed for structural durability.
• The Savoyes continued to live in the house until 1940, leaving during World
War II.
• It was occupied twice during the war: first by the Germans – when it was
used as a hay store – and then by the Americans, with both occupations
damaging the building severely.
• The villa was expropriated by the town of Poissy in 1958, which first used it
as a public youth center and later considered demolishing it to make way for
a schoolhouse complex.
• A first attempt of restoration was begun in 1963 by architect Jean Debuisson,
despite opposition from Corbusier.
• The villa was added to the French register of historical monuments in 1965,
becoming the first modernist building designated as historical monument in
France, and also the first to be the object of restoration while its architect
was still living.