Work related injuries of upper and lower part of body

2. Manual Handling is -
 Manual handling is a common
activity in most workplaces
 It includes lifting, lowering,
pulling, pushing, carrying,
moving, holding or restraining an
object
 Injuries and musculoskeletal
disorders affect the back, neck,
shoulders, arms & hands
 It can be prevented through a
systemic approach of identification,
assessment and control of risks
associated with manual handling

3. Manual Handling Incidents
Ratio
Machinery
Fall
Struck by
Trip
Other
Handling

4. How injuries can
occur
Main factors of injuries
Fatigue
Poor posture
quickly get the job
done
Awkward posture.
Repetitive motion

5. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling - Heavy
 Lifting over 25kg load can result in back injury

6. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling – Odd shapes
 Absence of grip to hold the load
 Obstruction of walking view

7.  Wrist Sprains  Back Sprains
Common Injuries From Manual Handling

8. Common Injuries From Manual Handling
 Slips, trips and fall

9. The spine/ back bone Part

10. Back bone injuries Problems
•Disc Problems

11.  Ligaments – bands
which stretch between bones
holding them together
 Tendons – the means by
which the muscles are attached to
the bones
 Muscles – provide the
main stability for the vertebral
column
 Cumulative strain
- Injury caused by twisting and
stretching repetitively
Back bone injuries Problems

12. Other Injuries
 Herniated disk
 Fractures
 Cuts / Slashes

13. Correct Handling
 Place the feet apart
to give a balanced
and stable base
 Have the leading leg
as far forward as
possible

14. Unlock the knees
 Bend the knees so that
the hands when grasping
the load are about level
with the waist
 But don’t over flex the
knees
 Keep the back straight to
maintain the natural
curves

15. Using the arms
 Grip
◦ Palms up is stronger
◦ Hand holds not necessary the best way to
lift
 Elbows
◦ The arms are stronger when the elbows
are closer to the body

16. Proper Manual Handling -
Individual
ALWAYS KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT WHILE LIFTING
Step 1: Hold the
load firmly
Step 2: Keep the
load close to you
Step 3: Lift the
load by pushing
up your leg
Step 4: Ensure your
legs are stable
before moving off

17. Steps of Manual Handling
 The task
 The load
 The working environment
 Individual capacity
 Handling aid and equipment
 Work organisation factors

18. Task
 Focus on what the person is doing
◦ Posture
◦ Reaching
◦ Working height
◦ Travel distance
◦ Pushing and pulling
◦ Sudden movement
◦ Seated or team lifting
◦ Work organisation

19. The Load
◦ Weight
◦ Shape
◦ Size
◦ Centre of Gravity
◦ Sudden movements
◦ Grasping and moving the load
◦ HSE Guidance

20. Guidance for load handling

21. Working Environment
◦ Space constraints
◦ Variation in level
◦ Floor
◦ Environmental factors

22. Individual Capacity
 Individual characteristics affect the risk
involved in the activity
◦ Gender incl pregnancy
◦ Age
◦ Disability
◦ Positive discrimination
◦ Health issues

23. Proper Manual Handling – Team
 Team/buddy lifting

24. Planning the lift
 Stop and think
 Place the feet
 Good posture
 Get a firm grip
 Smooth movement – don’t
jerk
 Move the feet
 Keep the load close to the
body
 Put the load down and
readjust

26. Ways to reduce the risk
 Exercise is the best way to be fit for
lifting and carrying
 Abdomen provides natural support for
the spine

27. Good Exercises

28. Thank you if and question?