Word types in Hawaiian

1. He aha ke ÿano o kaHe aha ke ÿano o ka
hua ÿölelo?hua ÿölelo?
What kind of word is it?What kind of word is it?

2. Word typesWord types
 Important to understand different word typesImportant to understand different word types
 Classification is closely tied to meaning andClassification is closely tied to meaning and
usageusage
 All words are memeÿa: nouns, verbs,All words are memeÿa: nouns, verbs,
adjectivesadjectives
 Memeÿa words fall into 4 categories:Memeÿa words fall into 4 categories:
 KikinoKikino
 HamaniHamani
 HeheleHehele
 ÿAÿanoÿAÿano

3.  Kikino:Kikino: something with a body orsomething with a body or
shape; has a form of some sortshape; has a form of some sort
 ka ÿïlio: dogka ÿïlio: dog
 ke one: sandke one: sand
 ke päkaukau: table, deskke päkaukau: table, desk
 ke kipikua: pick (tool)ke kipikua: pick (tool)
 Common nounCommon noun: a thing: a thing
 Ma ka puke wehewehe: usuallyMa ka puke wehewehe: usually nn (noun)(noun)
KikinoKikino

4. HamaniHamani
 Hamani:Hamani: an action, sense, or emotionan action, sense, or emotion
directed towards another thing or persondirected towards another thing or person
 ke aloha: to loveke aloha: to love
 ka huhü: to be angry atka huhü: to be angry at
 ka honi: to kiss; to smellka honi: to kiss; to smell
 ka ÿuï: to squeeze out (as in water)ka ÿuï: to squeeze out (as in water)
 VerbVerb
 Ma ka puke wehewehe: usuallyMa ka puke wehewehe: usually vt (transitivevt (transitive
verb)verb)

5. HeheleHehele
 Hehele:Hehele: a movement or positioning of oneselfa movement or positioning of oneself
 ka hiki: to arriveka hiki: to arrive
 ka hele: to go, walkka hele: to go, walk
 ka häÿule: to fallka häÿule: to fall
 ka lele: to fly, jumpka lele: to fly, jump
 VerbVerb
 Ma ka puke wehewehe: usuallyMa ka puke wehewehe: usually vi (intransitivevi (intransitive
verb)verb)

6. ÿÿAÿanoAÿano
 ÿAÿano:ÿAÿano: a condition or state of beinga condition or state of being
 ka ÿoi: sharpka ÿoi: sharp
 ka ÿeha: soreka ÿeha: sore
 ka lawa: enoughka lawa: enough
 ka pulu: wetka pulu: wet
 AdjectivesAdjectives
 Ma ka puke wehewehe: usuallyMa ka puke wehewehe: usually nvsnvs
(noun/stative verb)(noun/stative verb)

7. E nänä mai!E nänä mai!
 Classification is part of its meaning in HawaiianClassification is part of its meaning in Hawaiian
KikinoKikino ÿAÿanoÿAÿano HeheleHehele HamaniHamani
ÿalaÿala ÿaÿalaÿaÿala honihoni
mokumoku ÿokiÿoki
maloÿomaloÿo kaulaÿikaulaÿi
moÿamoÿa kukekuke
ÿauÿauÿauÿau höÿauÿauhöÿauÿau
helehele hoÿohelehoÿohele

8. E hoÿomaÿamaÿa käkou!E hoÿomaÿamaÿa käkou!
1.1. päkaukaupäkaukau
2.2. ÿoluÿoluÿoluÿolu
3.3. oneone
4.4. holoholoholoholo
5.5. poniponi
6.6. paiapaia
7.7. puaÿapuaÿa
8.8. kapukapu
9.9. pilikiapilikia
10.10. uakiuaki
11.11. maÿalilimaÿalili
12.12. heluheluheluhelu
13.13. hoÿihoÿi
14.14. mälamamälama
15.15. lihilihilihilihi
16.16. ÿakoÿako
17.17. palahüpalahü
18.18. näkiÿinäkiÿi
19.19. ueauea
20.20. uëuë
kikinokikino
ÿaÿanoÿaÿano
kikinokikino
hehelehehele
ÿaÿanoÿaÿano
kikinokikino
kikinokikino
ÿaÿanoÿaÿanohehelehehele
kikinokikino
ÿaÿanoÿaÿanohamanhaman
iihehelehehelehamanhaman
ii
kikinokikinohamanhaman
iiÿaÿanoÿaÿanohamanhaman
iikikinokikino
hehelehehele

9. E hoÿäÿo ÿoe!E hoÿäÿo ÿoe!
 ma ka püÿulu, e ÿimi i:ma ka püÿulu, e ÿimi i:
 1 kikino1 kikino
 1 hamani1 hamani
 1 hehele1 hehele
 1 ÿaÿano1 ÿaÿano
 E hoE ho’ohana i ka hua‘ōlelo i loko o ka’ohana i ka hua‘ōlelo i loko o ka
hopuna ÿölelo.hopuna ÿölelo.

10. Nä LaÿanaNä Laÿana
 Kikino:Kikino:
 Aia kaAia ka mokokaikalamokokaikala ma ka hale kaÿa.ma ka hale kaÿa.
 Hamani:Hamani:
 Na ke kaikamahine i hoÿohele i ka ÿïlio.Na ke kaikamahine i hoÿohele i ka ÿïlio.
 Hehele:Hehele:
 KeKe hiamoehiamoe nei au.nei au.
 ÿAÿano:ÿAÿano:
 Ua ÿaÿaka ke kumu i këia lä.Ua ÿaÿaka ke kumu i këia lä.