TAYLOR’S UNIVERSITY BQS GROUP ASSIGNMENT REPORT

TAYLOR’S UNIVERSITY | BQS
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN
BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING(HONOURS)
CSC60603 SOFTWARE APPLICATION FOR QUANTITY SURVEYING
GROUP ASSIGNMENT : REPORT
GROUP MEMBERS:
NO. NAME STUDENT ID
1 KONG YE XIANG 0323886
2 LAU MAO HUA 0320249
3 LEE JIA NIAN 0319957
4 LEE KAILYN 0320273
5 LEE SHZE HWA 0320053
6 LEE ZHI CHEN 0326181
7 LIEW POH KA 0320424
LECTURER: YEAP SOON KIAT
SUBMISSION DATE: 5 MAY 2017
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TABLE OF CONTENT
No Content Page Number
Table of Content 2
1 Introduction 3
2 Compare the functions and limitation of BIM QS computer
software:-
a) Glodon
b) Buildsoft
c) Vico
d) Cost X
e) Summary and recommendation
4-6
6-8
8-11
11-13
14
3 Compare benefit and constraints of Building Information
Modelling(BIM), CAD measurement and manual measurements:-
a) Preparation stage
b) Design stage
c) Pre-construction stage
d) Construction stage
e) Post construction/ other stage
15-16
17-19
19-20
20-22
22-23
4 References 24-25
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1. INTRODUCTION
The future construction industry is digital, BIM technology is the star player recently as
technology evolves. It’s being a new approach to quantity surveyors and we will be left out if we are still
working on our traditional way of costing and doing Bill of Quantities. Why BIM? As we know BIM
stands for Building Information Modelling, which means it creates a digital building information model
describing the physical and functional information of the building. BIM is mainly created to improve
time, quality and cost. This is because BIM data have every information to illustrate the whole building
life cycle like integrating the design in different aspects. So, all team members will be visualizing,
analysing and communicating to get information of the building, thus collaborating people, process and
technology and the same time. Besides, there are various types of BIM dimensions like 3D (object
model), 4D (time), 5D (cost), 6D (operation), 7D (sustainability), and even 8D (safety).
As BIM is getting more developed, the responsibilities of professional quantity surveyor is
shifting to utilize the benefits of BIM. Generally there are different BIM software with different functions
ranging from software for modelling, project management to cloud-based BIM, quantities take-off and
costing. 2D drawings or 3D drawings BIM design could be opened by these software for viewing and
quantity extraction. By that, it will save a lot of time, reduce mistakes and maximise the profit of quantity
surveyor as drawings could be visualized in different aspects. Common benefits for quantity surveyor
using BIM will be accurate quantities, reduce human errors, enhance communication and improve cost
database management.
For Part A of this report, we did research about the four types of common BIM QS computer
software in the market such as Cubicost, CostX, Buildsoft Cubit and Vico Software. Besides, we had
compared their functions and limitations in this report. Not only that, we did compare the benefits and
constraints of BIM, CAD measurement and Manual measurement during different stages for Part B of
this report.
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2. Compare the functions and limitation of BIM QS computer software.
A) Glodon
Glodon TAS
Glodon takeoff for structure and architecture are also known as TAS. TAS is one of the QTO or suite
from the GLODON BIM software. It is a measurement tool to calculate quantities quickly and efficiently
with the consideration and guaranteed of calculation rules, which is the principle of measurement
especially in the aspect of quantity surveying in construction field. TAS is a quantity takes off tool that
utilizes a 3D environment to show a real-time 3D visualization effect together with quantities.
This table show the basic way of using Glodon TAS. Glodon TAS enables software programmes of
editing BIM drawing or model to support the direct import from PDF or DWG files in order to build 3D
model efficiently. It only required to key in the number and size of the quantity takes off based on the
model. It can visualize or adjusting the model information for variation calculation. Glodon TAS is a
software which can allow the user to carry out few measurement calculation work, the main elements
are structural element, architecture element, finishing work including internal and as well as work
below lowest floor level.
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Features
Glodon takeoff for rebar (TRB)
TRB is a suite for quantity calculation software based on BIM technology for rebar. It supports model
from Glodon which can insert with 3D effect measurement and local calculation rules. It can analyze
Bills of Quantities (BQ) then embedded and extracted the rebar quantities to generates 3D model in
Glodon quickly and efficiently. Insert the given data from BQ to Glodon will help improving the efficiency
of generating tender and minimal the careless mistake in real-time.
Glodon tender series for Bill of Quantities (TBQ)
TBQ is the new and improved software, which is more efficient and effective cost estimating software.
This innovative software can identify paper BQ which can automatically link summary pages with BQ
item to produce e-tender correctly.
MagiCAD
MagiCAD can do for different country specific standard and enables MEP which offer localisation
design apply over 1,000,000 intelligent 3D products model from majority of international manufacturers.
As long as the technical data from BQ insert correctly the product will be accurate dimension model.
After adding MagiCAD’s clever automatic capabilities to Revit or AutoCAD users will make the MEP
design faster, efficiently and more productive.
Glodon takeoff of mechanical and electrical (TME)
TME is a BIM software which based on quantity for MEP, it provides multiple quantity surveying mode
by importing CAD drawing. The input drawing can complete quantity surveying as well as applying
different system position and function of MEP devices to auto converting PDF drawing to 3D model. It
needs manual statistic low efficient than others software might cause problems in bidding tender.
Function
● Professional management tool
Glodon BIM provides professional tool such as change management which providing accurate
information for decision making. The cost is reduced, it has shorten the construction period and
improving quality.
● Quick modeling & BIM-based quantity takeoff
Glodon allow direct editing from BIM models and support the import of IFC, DWG and PDF
drawing to erect 3D model efficiently. One click to complete quantity takeoff based on the
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model. Quantity Surveyor will be able to deal with variation easily by only adjusting the model
information and carry out the calculation again.
● The ideal data interface, accurate model data
Glodon BIM is using the international standard format IFC, it also emerges with Chinese format
GFC. It can transform from 2D into 3D model rapidly.
● Project management for 5D BIM
In 5D BIM, it is based on project management which can visually control schedule contract and
cost with multiple-coordination. Extra function which can support web and mobile to inquire 5D
information any time and anywhere.
● Takeoff products with high market share
Glodon BIM are made to merge with its nation-wide takeoff software, which is the core source
for BIM application data.
Limitations
Glodon is quite expensive for a company who wishes to require all the product of BIM that fulfill the full
process of construction design to its operation which cover all feature management. Besides that,
Glodon’s maintenance and operation update fee need to pay by the user in order to get the software
up-to-date when new features was leased. Therefore, the extensive price is the biggest limitation
compare to others software limitation.
B) Buildsoft
Buildsoft is the estimating software for the building and construction industry. It is also a software
program for commercial use in the building and construction industry. It is able to produce a complete
Bill of Quantities (BQ) which taken advantage by commercial building contractors and quantity
surveyors. Buildsoft is specialized in on-screen takeoff system directly linked to estimating. Besides, it
allows users to validate and cross-reference the estimating and takeoff at any stages.
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Buildsoft do works with CAD and created an equal takes off from rasterized PDF when a plan is traced
over with vertex snapping or advanced drawing tools. Taking-off tools can be bedded into as many
estimates as needed. System is drag and drop abilities that refresh a new estimate when there are any
changes in the drawing.
Function
● Update estimation efficiently
Collect pricing information and save in template price list to control the prices jobs, ensuring
accuracy and maximizing profitability over the company. Any of updates in further, template
price list and jobs is able to push into estimates so information is the latest.
● One seamless process
Specialized estimating system with flexible functionality which integrates take off with estimating
make users work the way they think.
● Zero errors
Pinpoint accurate takeoff from any angle in 3D drawing no matter how complex is the drawing
by tracing directly over-imported plans. Without second doubt of their own skill, work can be
easily done in fast and accurate.
● Greater control, insights and analysis
It is handy if jobs are grouped together and make more visibility. Codes the estimating allows
users to differentiate formats and giving a quick or breakdown a job by costing code or material.
● Easily view and edit plan
Clearly differences occur when takeoff already done and save countless hours. This may be
avoiding the overlapping taking off in the same phase. It allows editing plans as part of the
revision process.
Limitations
● High utility bills
Buildsoft is latest software which also requires the latest internet connection and huge
installation fee. Facility fee is also involved although does not involve in the software, but must
exist such as photocopying, mailing, faxing, etc.
● Typing errors
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Buildsoft does not detect typing errors like computer. It has to depend on personnel to check the
errors especially in BQ (Bill of Quantities) which will take more time and focus to type into the
computer.
● Virus attack
Existing of Buildsoft must equiped with antivirus due to attacking of the virus to the computer
system will also affect the contents. Data might be lost and may not be able to recovered by any
means.
C) Vico
Vico Software is one of the BIM Quantity Survey software in the market. Most of the software in the
market provide software and services to the building construction industry included Vico Software. This
software is mainly used by building owners, contractors and managers to optimize schedules and
reduce risk on complicated building projects and help to manage cost. Vico’s 5D Virtual Construction
solution pioneered the category of BIM for Construction and they remain the industry’s most integrated
approach to production control, cost estimation, coordination, project scheduling and quantity takeoff.
Functions
● 3D BIM for Clash Detection
Vico Constructability Manager in Vico Office is used to detect clash appeared in a project.
Traditional clash detection cycles are always used by the contractor until Vico Constructability
Manager is proposed to them as a new solution to detect clashes. Hence, clash detection can
define common and complicated comparison, save them and re-run them when there is an
availability of new model versions. They can investigate the clashes with a split screen in a
spreadsheet-like list, turn the model into translucent and highlighting the clashes. However, it
can prepare a Constructability Analysis Report for the team to share them for resolution and
discussion so that they can identify the issues during planning stage before the project starts.
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● 3D BIM for Layout
Vico Layout Manager is used to plot out the critical points in the models and transfer the data to
Trimble gear. It allows us to add an accurate Layout Point by using Vico Layout Manager so that
we do not need the original BIM file. Furthermore, it allows exporting the Layout Points to the
field device from the model and marking the points directly with Trimble gear. Also, it validates
the actual point against the originals in Vico Office.
● 3D BIM for Quantity Takeoff
To do quantity takeoff, Vico Takeoff
Manager can be used for a project to
generate an accurate model. 3D model
content can be scanned by a unique
geometry analysis algorithm and it will
create the takeoff items automatically.
However, Vico Takeoff Manager
provides an intuitive and easy-to-use
interface to refine automatic takeoff
process. The ability to view the takeoff
gives feedback and confidence that no
quantities will be missed. Meanwhile,
takeoff data by location is automatically be available in the Vico Cost Planner and Schedule Planner
modules which no need to import and export data. Whenever changes occur, quantities will be updated
automatically after published. Therefore, the cost planning and schedules are always accurate.
● 4D BIM for Scheduling and Production Control
Vico Schedule Planner is used for scheduling which allow integrating model-based quantity
takeoff information with resource quantities and projecting location to create optimized
schedule. With this software, the team members can design the schedule without increasing
risk. However, it allows planners to deliver their project faster and carefully manage risk at the
same time through increased productivity, predictability and transparency. However, it also
allows the generation of 4D project simulations in 4D Manager who illustrate the correlations
between construction, cost and schedule.
Other than that, Vico LBS Manager is used which defined as location for location-based
quantities, schedules and cost plan. Locations hold the key to a better organized project, both in
pre-construction and on-site. LBS Manager means zones, floors and optimized location systems
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per trade. The labour, material and equipment amounts are calculated by using quantities per
location and subsequently for determining number of work hours per location. LBS Manager
also can change locations without going back to authoring BIM application. The quantities that
recalculated at the end of the editing process can be analysed and optimized the phasing and
zoning of the project to get the best schedule.
● 5D BIM for Estimating
Estimators are able to estimate cost
and control the project’s budget by
using Vico Cost Explorer. Vico Cost
Explorer allows us to communicate,
compare and track the cost. It
provides feedback about the status of
the project, communication and
understanding of cost changes. Vico
Cost Explorer’s unique graphic
interface is based on a color-coded,
macro-level tree view of project costs.
The tree structure view clearly
visualizes the cost breakdown of a project budget by presenting cost categories as nodes in a tree. The
cost breakdown can be based on industry standard classification structure or other structures by the
user. In the graphic, some colours will be shown which are red, yellow, green and blue. These colours
are represented to over budget, within range, on budget and suspiciously low respectively.
Other than Vico Cost Explorer, Vico
Cost Planner is also helped in doing
estimating. It is the cost estimation,
calculation and value engineering
module. Vico Takeoff Manager is also
being included to provide an accurate
estimate in short time. Vico Cost
Planner introduces an innovative
n-tiered 3D spreadsheet; a unique
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graphic scheme which emphasizes the hierarchical structure of the cost estimate. Cost Planner also
includes a Library Manager, which allows using the data and storing a collection of standards and
reusable estimating content.
Limitations
By using Vico Software, only one model file can be operated at one time. This is because it will take
longer time to complete the whole project. Hence, it will cause the company couldn’t accept more job
and earn money lesser.
D) CostX
Recently, the construction industry has started with the electronic information in project. With the
advancement of development of IT, IT had provided big impact towards the development of technology
in construction firms with the improvement of releasing various software had helped the Quantity
Surveyors (QS) who used traditional methods in the preparation of measurement, taking-off, Bills of
Quantities (BQ) and more. CostX is a construction estimating program with an off-screen takeoff
system for professional Quantity Surveyor. It was first released by Exactal in July 2004. CostX is a
3D/BIM and 2D estimating solution that allows users to manage workbooks, subcontractor comparison,
with paperless estimating, auto-revisioning, network capabilities and more. It enables the users to
increase their productive output by using this software. Besides that, there are various types of CostX
software released by Exactal such as CostXL, CostX Take Off, CostX Take Off 2D, CostX viewer and
CostX Education. Each of the products has its own function and features.
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Functions
● 2D Take off
By using CostX software, it can quickly and accurately measure from scanned PDF, CAD
drawings or 3D models/BIM without running CAD program. Besides that, it also supports various
drawing file such as SKP, SWG, DGN and IFC.
● 3D Take-off /BIM Models
By using 3D taking off, it enables user to have a clearer visualization of 3D drawings as well as
giving them a better understanding of the drawing so that they can have a general idea of the
building before building. This allows the QS to have a more accurately estimate quantities and
costs compared to traditional measurement method. The database information from 3D model
view and 2D plans, sections and elevations can be utilize by QS to initiate quantities
mechanically and improve on the database quantities with additional measurement of 2D or 3D
drawing sheets.
● Auto revisioning
One of the unique function of Cost X is auto-revisioning. It compares the measurement that
have been extracted from previous drawings to the similar drawing objects in the new drawing
issue and display them for adjustment and acceptance by users. In auto- revisioning, we can
not only see the difference between drawings, it will create an audit trail likewise revises the
previous quantities and workbook and it will also automatically update the latest quantities as
well.
● Sub-contractor comparison
CostX can generate subcontractor comparison workbook by comparing the subcontractor
quotation details. The users can link the report and quotation detail of every contractor by using
subcontractor comparison system. This allows the Quantity Surveyor to make comparison for
the rates and sum cost and quality of each element during the tender period. Therefore, the best
subcontractor will be chosen and awarded to involved in the project.
● Workbook live-link to drawings
In CostX software, cost plans, estimations, tenders and bill by the users by using spreadsheet
based workshop where it live-link to drawings. It allows the user to prepare the BQ while doing
the measurement. All the data can be transferred from the measurement to the BQ workbook to
reduce error and improve accuracy. By using this software, it helps the Quantity Surveying to
control all the data information in a more convenient way compared to the traditional method.
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● Paperless estimating
Paperless estimating allows the users to view all the report and receive the drawing without
printing any paper. It also enables the users to scan the drawings into the CostX software and
able to view all the measurement in the software. It provides an easy to use format for the users
to share all their project information to the client.
● Network capability
Network capability allows multiple users to work on the same project at the same time. This may
help increase the productivity output by shortening the time to complete a project. In addition, all
the users can make changes and updating the latest data in the software without printing any
papers.
Limitations
● Additional costs for add-ons.
Users will have to pay more if they wish to have to other functions that are not provided, unless
they purchase CostX. It requires the users to pay extra for the add on product if they are
required to extend the capability of BIM tool.
● Experienced users is needed
After purchasing and installing the CostX software, the company needs to pay extra for hiring
professional to have training lesson for their workers on how to control and increase their
knowledge about the software when the company is still practicing the traditional method.
Therefore, experience users will be needed to fully utilize this software. In-order to let the
software runs fast and smoothly, maintenance is required. Here is another cost that will be
paying by the company.
● Limitation in measurement
After using CostX software, I noticed that there is some restriction in measurement. For
example, the main reinforcement bar of the beam and column could not be detected by using
this software. Besides that, the users will have to measure the length of the fabric reinforcement
of the whole beam or column and assuming it as a reinforcement bar due to the bents for mesh
fabric reinforcement bars (BRC) could not be detected and measured in the drawing as well.
This might affect the accuracy of the measurement. Moreover, CostX cannot show the exact
location of the window in 3D view this is because all the windows are illustrated at the bottom of
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the ground. This might affect the accuracy of the cost when the contractor does not know the
exact height of the windows.
Summary and recommendation
Table of summary
Currently, there have many BIM QS compute software emerging in the industry. We have study,
analyse, compare and discuss the function and limitation of the selected four BIM QS computer
software which are Glodon, Buildsoft, VIco and CostX. After the final discussion, we have decided to
choose Glodon as our best recommend BIM QS computer software.
The reason that we recommended Glodon is because Glodon is the professional management tool
providing an accurate data and information which allow us to make a best decision. With this
professional management tool, we able to save cost, time and improve the quality of our construction
project. Furthermore, the quick modelling and BIM-based quantity takeoff of Glodon have allow QS to
cope with the various changes of design and come out with the quantity takeoff quickly by just adjusting
the model information. In addition, Glodon is a nation-wide takeoff software which means it have a high
market share in the industry. With this advantage of Glodon, we able to improve our collaboration with
other QS which used Glodon also.
Conclusion, the reasons discusses above have make us chosen Glodon as our best recommend
BIM computer software. Every software has their own benefit and limitations so we should choose the
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most suitable software depends on our needs.
3. Compare benefit and constraints of Building Information Modelling(BIM),
CAD measurement and manual measurements:-
A) Preparation/ Design Stage
i) BIM
Benefits
1. Improve visualisation- By utilise the BIM software, a 3D model is constructed to present the
design of the building that intend to build. It provides a better visualisation and understanding to
the client on the building proposal when compared to 2D drawings. Hence, it able to ensure that
the building proposals are precisely reach the requirements of the client.
2. Feasibility Study- With the help of BIM, the building performance of different design option can
be evaluated with lesser time consuming.
3. Better understanding of the site analysis- Nowadays, the advanced mapping tools has
accurately capture the reality of the site which allow the aerial imagery and digital elevation of
the site. By using BIM, all the member of design team can easily access the site information
such as the existing infrastructure, shape and location of the site with aerial imagery and digital
elevation of the site. It helps the design team understand more about the site.
Constraints
1. High investment cost in BIM software - Although BIM bring abundance of benefit to the
construction process, but not all construction company are using BIM due to the high investment
cost of BIM. Some company cannot afford to purchase a BIM software as they do not have
enough financial support.
2. Lack of standardization- Implementation of BIM will give a significant change to the operation
way of business at every building process. Therefore, it is important to have a standardization
on the definition of BIM and provide implementation strategy to every construction company to
ensure the correct and consistent performance.
ii) CAD
Benefits
1. Accurate valuations – CAD system could produce accurate scaled drawings. Quantity surveyor
could eliminate error in quantities and calculate accurately based on its correct scale of the
drawings. Besides, the analysis will be more in depth as it provides few variation of alternative
design with high precision.
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2. Sharp visualization – By using CAD system, drawings can be created in different models and
present to the clients on different point of view to prevent misunderstandings and ensure they
satisfy on the final product. The size and determination can be easily adjust from the electronic
drawings too.
3. Provide storage and database – When the list of materials, specification and other main
information is available and confirmed, the database could be formed and stored on a single
disk.
Constraints
1. High expenses – CAD software is normally costly and required regular upgrades which incurred
additional cost to the software.There is still free CAD software such as QCAD, but for the
common and main usage such as AutoCAD have to be paid by the clients. Because it may
require additional services and maintenance by the organization to do some updates according
the client’s need.
2. No backup system – CAD software could be as a storage for data based, but it does not have
the autosave system. Clients have to constantly save their work manually to ensure the data is
secured and saved.
3. Training needed – CAD software may be a new thing to some of the experienced quantity
surveyor. Thus, training is required to allow them to master and understand the software and
function it properly especially when there is new installations or updates, because setbacks will
be hard to overcome.
iii) Manual Measurement
Benefit
1. Cost effective- It only require printing cost of the paperwork whereas for BIM measurement and
CAD measurement require initial software cost which cost more than thousands ringgit. Manual
measurement such as Microsoft Office Excel can be easily mastered by everyone which does
not incurred high training cost as compare to BIM measurement and CAD measurement for
attending workshops.
Constraints
1. Time consuming in document preparation- Document preparation for labour output is lower than
software output and hence it’s time consuming process to prepare documents manually.
2. Unable to produce cost plan- Quantity Surveyor required to give advice on budgeting for that
particular project by referring cost plan. It will be easy for experienced quantity surveyor to give
advice based on their past experience with similar project without cost plan. However, it will be a
problem for fresh graduate quantity surveyors who are lack of experience in similar project
without the help of cost plan.
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B) Design stage
i) BIM
Benefits
1. Better representation and visualization of architect’s design - The demand of produce different
views of a building in 2D can be reduce with the application of BIM. The design of the building
will convert to 3D model in the BIM software which enable to rotate and view in all direction. This
will visualize the design of the building and allow the design team to insert all the building
information to the 3D model clearly and correctly.
2. Resolve conflict- BIM can help to discover the design errors in the early stage of the design and
reduce the probability of extensive redesign by automating the clash detection of elements. For
example, BIM can discover the clash in electrical conduit that run into a beam in early stage of
design, therefore it shortens the time required for building design and reduce costs of resolving
the clash.
3. Reduce the usage of material - BIM which provides visualization of the building with all the
components and systems and consists all the information of the building are allow to provide a
better planning and design that takes the best advantage of available space and resources. BIM
systems will monitor the resources and provide a detailed information on the total of materials
required before construction start. Therefore, the order of total materials needed is accurate and
can replenish supplies only when necessary.
4. Increase the efficiency of work- During design stages, the scope of work can be performing
efficiently with BIM. BIM helps to speed up the preparation process, shorten the time for
discussing the complex details and allow to share and exchange of visual information within the
design team. Hence, work can be done efficiently with less time consume.
5. Bills of Quantity- The BIM function of automation of bills of quantities have enhance BIM
technology to be collaborative and integrative. The automation of the bills of quantities have
eliminates the traditional take off methods and able to reduce human error.
Constraints
1. Require high performance computer- BIM software occupies a large space of memory on the
computer and it will affect to the work speed if the computer cannot support the software.
Therefore, higher performance of computer is required and should keep upgrading.
2. Data can be modified- The digital data can be modified by the suppliers and contractor when
they access BIM to do taking -off. Therefore, architect and engineer will convert the digital data
to PDF file to protect their data.
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3. Training to employees- Training is required to all construction member to make sure that they
are understand and enable to operate the BIM software. The construction member may require
to arrange their time in practising the BIM software to make themselves expert with it.
ii) CAD Measurement
Benefits
1. Flexible drawing information – By using CAD software, overlays such as electrical lines or
plumbing lines will be seen as transparent overlays. In this way, it’s easier to check, edit and
display the drawings. Besides that, CAD do have variety of tools creating different text styles,
font format and pattern of shapes.
2. High accuracy – Accurate scale of drawings in 2D or 3D drawings could be drawn by CAD at
1:1 scale.
3. Easier to measure irregular shape – By using CAD, the total area irregular shape could be
measured in a faster way by just tapping the limit of all unpredictable shape.
4. Gain more profit – CAD providing many shortcuts in calculation comparing to manual
calculation, thus the QS firm could pick up more projects and handle additional scope of work.
Constraints
1. ‘Polyline issue’ – CAD software without the ‘polyline’ instrument could only measure the
drawings in length rather than area. Thus, if the drawing is given in polyline, there will be less
usage of CAD.
2. Difficulties to quantify sketches – CAD software couldn’t measure sketches but architects will
mostly come out with sketches during the ‘Design stage’. Thus, it’s a big problem for the users
during design stage.
3. Changes have to be updated manually – Changes will be occur frequently during the design
stage, in CAD changes have to be make manually unlike BIM will be automatically update.
Measurement has to be done again from the start, thus changing in the design stage will be a
disadvantage to use CAD.
Constraints
1. Unable to visualize the design of the project- Users needed to interpret the design of the project
in 2-Dimension view based on the elevation of the drawing instead of 3-Dimension view.
2. Time consuming in measurement- Manual measurement require more time in measurement as
compared to BIM measurement and CAD measurement because of wasting of manpower in
scaling and calculating based on drawing. Any changes in design by the consultant team need
to be forwarded to relevant parties in timely manner. In the event that the updated drawing is not
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received in timely manner, the measurer will be in time constrained situation to prepare
measurement manually and hence create errors. Or in other situation where the updated
drawing is not forwarded to relevant parties, the measurement will be wrong and variations can
be arised.
C) Pre-construction stage
i) BIM
Benefits
1. More accurate estimations- BIM enable the estimator to identify and communicate the
relationships between quantities, costs and locations and it can also help to differentiate the
areas and components of the building that contribute to the total cost of the project. The
estimators can extract the quantities and spaces that required for cost estimating for the project.
Hence, a reliable and accurate cost estimates produced in the early design phrase.
2. Reduce the number of reworks- Since BIM enable to generate the 3D model of the building, it
allows the effective communication between the client and the project team even if the client
lack of ability to read and understand the drawings. Therefore, the clear and more accuracy of
the understanding to client’s requirements enables the project team to establish the construction
documents with less errors and omissions as potential problem can be identified and solve
before construction start. Thus, the number of rework can be reduced.
3. Constructability analysis- BIM models allow the project team to perform a detailed
constructability analysis for planning the sequence of operations at the construction site.
Constraints
1. Disruptive- BIM can disrupt the general construction process when ordering the materials that
needed a long lead time to deliver from other country. For example, the contractor order a
material that take few weeks to deliver from other country based on the dimensions of the
design. But the dimensions change afterwards and more materials are needed to cope with the
change of design, therefore it may affect to the schedule of work as not enough quantity of the
materials.
ii) CAD Measurement
Benefits
1. Provide convenience – During the pre-construction stage, drawings can be changed without
erasing and redrawing. This is because, drafting methods that use rulers, squares and
compasses is provided by CAD.
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2. Data managing – During this pre-construction stage, QS can easily change the cost estimates
changed by the architect and form a new cost analysis as the data is stored in CAD. These data
are all in a format system including the tendering documents.
3. High accuracy - CAD could allow architect to draw any desired dimension or patterns according
to scale without having any troubles. Thus, parallax error by naked eyes will be avoided. The
accuracy will be increased too because of the ‘zoom’ features of CAD.
Constraints
1. Limitation to prepare BQ – CAD software has been limit to just measure the amounts, thus there
is some difficulties when creating Bill of Quantities. Quantity Surveyor has to transfer the data
manually to other software to prepare BQ.
Benefit
1. Cost effective- Manual measurement does not requires any software application to do taking off
elements. Users only require basic measurement knowledge in measurement and only incurred
printing charges.
2. Clearer image of project.- User is more familiar with the design of the project in interpretate the
drawing. User will develop clearer image or impression when doing taking off manually. But in
bim or cad measurement, the user might not familiar with every elements of the project.
3. Flexibility- Users can do measurement taking off even the software is under downtime. Manual
measurement can be done even if there is shortage of electrical supply or internet interferences
because it doesn’t require any tools in measurement.
Constraints
1. Time consuming- Time consuming process in requesting unclear information from consultant.
Time consuming in manual taking off quantities by using scale ruler and calculator. One
particular project might have numerous drawing which is a time consuming process in taking off
elements manually.
2. Error detection- Unable to detect any conflict or discrepancies of design by using manual
measurement in interpreting drawings.
3. Human errors- Manual taking off workload is high and hence the chances of errors is high. Too
much elements need to take into account by a measurer in manual measurement and hence the
chances of missing element and create errors is high.
20

D) Construction stage
i) BIM
Benefits
1. Improve the collaborative among the project team- All the stakeholders in the construction
project are sharing the same and updated information through BIM which means it is more
effectively for the project team to communicate their ideas and actions.
2. Control the cost and save time- BIM technology capable to help in controlling the cost of the
construction within the budget especially to the complex and large construction project.
3. Site Coordination- BIM is useful for the contactors in planning for the site logistics, develop
traffic layouts and identify potential hazards at the site by utilising the 3D or 4D of site
coordination models.
Constraints
1. Incompatibility with partners- Due to the high investment on BIM software, not every
construction company are using BIM in the industry. It is possible that the subcontractors did not
use BIM and do not know how to access and extract the information from the model.
ii) CAD Measurement
Benefits
1. Improves communication – The simple estimation and consistency of the CAD software
provides better communication as the errors and uncertainty will be reduced. Besides, 3D CAD
can create a 3D view of the projects thus giving clear presentation to the project team on what
to be developed and go on next.
2. Standardize technique – CAD is following the industry standards and came out with a
standardized system. The design, drafting and documentation strategies are all standardized.
So, client will not be confused when using CAD.
Constraints
1. Measurements are limited – There are limitations on measurements such as we could only
measure 2D outlines like lengths or areas only based on 2D drawings. But on 3D drawings we
could measure the volume out.
2. Operating expenses on site – CAD usually build robotized costs, increasing the automation
expenses. Thus there is a financial conflict on site when using CAD as the site managers will
want to keep their budget low.
21

Benefit
1. Document presentation- Document to be compile securely and consistently. Any progress
payment can be supported by picture in hard copy to facilitate the approval of progress payment
by the client.
Constraints
1. Time consuming- In the event of the variations arises, manual measurements require more time
to get approval and information by submitting paperwork to consultant team. For interim
valuation purposes, quantity surveyors are responsible to conduct site visit for site valuation
which it is a time consuming process to clarify or request on information from contractor team.
2. Cost control- Users are unable to control the cost effectively due to the facts that lack of a
proper cost planning system to detect any cost overflows prior to completion.
E) Post-construction/ others stage
i) BIM
Benefits
1. Facilities Management- After the completion of the project, all the information about the
materials use and the maintenance requirements for the systems in the building are linked to
BIM. Hence, BIM is also useful for the facilities managements of the building. It helps the
maintenance team of the building to have a better understanding of the building’s operations.
2. Simplified the switching from one facility manager to another.- As BIM consists of all the
information of the building, it simplified the switching from the current facility manager to the new
facility manager. BIM creates incentives for the facility manager to perform better.
Constraints
1. Training required to facilities and maintenance team- The employees in facilities and
maintenance team may not have the knowledge and technical skills on operating the BIM
software. Therefore, the owner may require to spend money and provide training for them to
ensure all the facilities and maintenance team able to keep update and maintain the information
on the BIM model.
ii) CAD Measurement
Benefits
1. Extra information – By using CAD, the 3D drawings will show some hidden compartments such
as wirings and some sensitive parts. With this function, maintenance work will be carried out
22

easier.
2. Commonly usable – In the construction conditions now, CAD files could be used by most of the
parties who have the free file readers. Besides, many software now could open CAD files too,
so there is no limitations on reading CAD files.
Constraints
1. Limited information – CAD files having limitation on getting the building softscape such as
population density and designated space usage because normal CAD could only get
information about building hardscape. Thus, CAD couldn’t provide enough information for the
changes made in building softscape.
Constraints
1. Time consuming - User will take longer time in preparation of final account when compare to
BIM and CAD measurement. User are required to adjust the contract sum for final account
manually in manual measurement.
2. Problem arises from contractual claims- Collaboration and communication between consultant
and contractor can be achieved by using BIM measurement which can reduces the number of
claims and unnecessary cost for the project. By manual measurement, the quantity surveyor is
unable to identify and resolve contractual claims earlier when compared to BIM measurement.
23

4. REFERENCES
Azhar, S. (2011, July). Leadership and Management in Engineering. Retrieved May 04, 2017, from
http://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127
BIM for Quantity Surveying. (n.d.). Retrieved May 04, 2017, from
http://bimsg.org/resources/other-software-resources/bim-for-qs/
Brown, K. (n.d.). BIM – Implications for Government . Retrieved May 4, 2017, from
http://www.construction-innovation.info/images/pdfs/2004-032-A_BIM_Case_Study_Final_(20081030).
pdf
Building Information Modelling. (n.d.). Retrieved May 4, 2017, from
https://www.infocomm.org/cps/rde/xbcr/infocomm/Brochure_BIM.pdf
Exactal. Retrieved May 4 ,2017, from https://www.exactal.com/en/company/about-us/
Impact of BIM on Quantity Surveyors . (n.d.). Retrieved May 4, 2017, from
http://puja-brunei.org/pdf/2015/Impact%20of%20BIM%20on%20Quantity%20Surveyors%20-%20Syukri
%20&%20Alex.pdf
Maple, T. (August 2012). Quantity surveyors & cost planners – How can BIM improve my business?
Retrieved from
https://revitall.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/o5-bim-for-quantity-surveyors-and-cost-planners-aia-ca.pdf.
Mineer, A. D. (n.d.). Pros & Cons of Using a BIM Model for your Next Project. Retrieved May 04, 2017,
from
https://www.constructionmonitor.com/blog/2015/12/03/pros-cons-of-using-a-bim-model-for-your-next-pr
oject/
Raphael, V., & Priyanka, J. (december 2014). ROLE OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING
(BIM) IN QUANTITY SURVEYING PRACTICE . International Journal of Civil Engineering and
Technology (IJCIET), 5(12), 194-200. Retrieved May 4, 2017, from
http://www.iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/UploadFolder/ROLE%20OF%20BUILDING%20INFORMATION%2
0MODELLING%20BIM%20IN%20QUANTITY%20SURVEYING%20PRACTICE/ROLE%20OF%20BUIL
DING%20INFORMATION%20MODELLING%20BIM%20IN%20QUANTITY%20SURVEYING%20PRA
CTICE.pdf
Rodriguez, J. (2017, April 07). Building Information Modeling (BIM) Risks. Retrieved May 04, 2017,
from https://www.thebalance.com/building-information-modeling-risks-845093
The Legal Risks of Building Information Modeling (BIM). (2010, October 12). Retrieved May 04, 2017,
from
http://www.constructionlawsignal.com/by-subject/design-and-technology/the-legal-risks-of-building-infor
mation-modeling-bim/
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Thurairajah, N., & Goucher, D. (2013). Advantages and Challenges of Using BIM: a Cost Consultant’s
Perspective. 49th ASC Annual International Conference Proceedings . Retrieved May 4, 2017, from
http://ascpro.ascweb.org/chair/paper/CPRT114002013.pdf
To BIM or Not to BIM | BIM modeling pros and cons. (2015, August 7). Retrieved May 04, 2017, from
http://www.revitmodelingindia.com/bim-modeling-pros-and-cons/
Top 10 Benefits of BIM (Building Information Modeling). (2017, April 26). Retrieved May 04, 2017, from
https://redshift.autodesk.com/building-information-modeling-top-10-benefits-of-bim/
25

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