swine production

1. Definition of Terms
Swine Production Management
1-BTVTED1

2. Definition of terms
• Abattoir-slaughter house
• Abortion-expulsion of fetuses; expulsion of
fully developed piglets before completion
of pregnancy and before the are able to
survive.
• Acclimatization-adjustment of the breeding
pig to the conditions prevailing on the farm
to which it has been introduced to enable it
to perform at optimum standards.
• Agalactia-failure to secrete milk following
birth; absence of milk.
• Anemia-reduction of hemoglobin(oxygen
carrier in blood); the main symptoms are
paleness, hurried breathing & low resistance
to infection.

3. Definition of terms
• Antibiotic- a chemical substance
derived from a mold or bacteria that
inhibits the growth of other
microorganisms.
• Antibody-a protein substance
developed or synthesized by lymphoid
tissues of the body in response to an
antigenic stimulus; each antigen elicits
production of specific antibody. In
disease defence, the animal mush have
an encounter with the
pathogen/antigen before a specific
antibody is developed in its blood.
• Anthelmintic-any drug or chemical
agent used to destroy parasitic worms.

4. Definition of terms
• Boar-sexually matured uncastrated male, at
least 8 months old.
• Brooder-equipment used for piglets’
sleeping area, of which the temperature is
adjusted by using heatinglamps
• Colostrum-the first secretion from the
breast, occurring shortly after or sometimes
before birth. It contains serum, white blood
cells and antibodies.
• Conception-act of getting pregnant.
• Crushing-manly due to crumpling
• Dam-a mother pig
• Dung-pig excrement/manure, feces.
• Dunging area-where fatteners supposed to

5. Definition of terms
• Diet/ration-a selection or combination of
different feedstuff provided on continuous
schedule.
• Disinfectant-a chemical capable of
destroying disease-causing microorganisms
or parasites.
• Dry period-the time of interval from weaning
to service.
• Dystocia-difficulty in farrowing
• Dry sows- unbred sows which have just
been weaned; non-pregnant sows.
• Emaciation-excessive loss of flesh
• Enzootic-endemic, denoting a diseases of
animals which is indigenous to certain
locality.

6. Definition of terms
• Estrus- sexual receptivityin females; also
heat
• Farrowing-act of giving birth in pigs
• Fattener-a pig raised for pork or meat
consumption; fattener usually starts at 15-
20 kgs.
• Fertilization-the process wherein the sperm
cells penetrates the ovum.
• Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)-the amount
of feed needed to convert one kilogram of
gain weight.
• Fostering-the act of transferring piglets from
one sow to another.
• Feeders-feed container
• Feed trough-a constructed or fabricated

7. Definition of terms
• Flushing-giving of excessive amount of
feeds to gilts or sows prior to breeding.
• Gilt- a female pig that has not produced
pigs & which has not reached an evident
stage of pregnancy.
• Haemorrhage-bleeding
• Hernia- a protrusion of an organ or tissue of
a body cavity in which its normally lies .
• Hemoglobin-found in red blood cells which
carries oxygen;responsible for the red color
or red blood corpuscles.
• Hormone-a substance produced by the cells
of the body and passed in the blood stream
to influence

8. Definition of terms
• Hygiene-the practice/measures design to
attain and preserve health.
• Immunity-specific resistance of the animal
against specific disease causing
microorganism.
• Infection-a disease cause by microorgansim
• Inflammation-swelling
• Lameness-limping
• Lesions-disruptive changes in a cell, tissue
or organ.
• Mange- parasite
• Market weight-the final weight of a pig for
slaughtering/marketing;also end weight.
• Mortality-the number of dead pig(s).

9. Definition of terms
• Mucous-viscous fluid secreted by mucous
membranes in many parts of the body,
including the mouth, bronchial passages
and gut; mucous acts as a protective barrier
over the surfaces of the membranes.
• Nasal cavity-referring to the nose, snout on
pigs.
• Nutrients-the chemical substances found in
feed materials that can be used, and are
necessary, for the maintenance, production,
and health of animals; the chief classes of
nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, proteins,
vitamins & water.

10. Definition of terms
• Pathogenic-disease causing
• Pathogens-disease causing microorganism
• pH-symbol for the logarithm of the reciprocal of the
(H)ion concentration; a solution with pH 7:00 is
neutral,one with a pH of more than 7:00 is alkaline ,
one with a pH lower than 7:00 is acidic.
• Pneumonia-inflammation of lungs, usually manifested
by coughing.
• Pseudopregnancy-false pregnancy
• Quarantine-placing all animals that have been bought
in isolation for a certain period of time; compulsory
segregation of exposed susceptible animals for a
period of time equal to the longest incubation period
of disease to which they have been exposed. An
enforced regulation for the exclusion or isolation of an
animal to prevent the spread of infectious disease.

11. Definition of terms
• Recumbent-not able to stand; to weak to
stand.
• Salmonella- a pathogenic, diarrhea
producing organism, of which there are over
100known strains, sometime present in
contaminated feeds.
• Sanitation- provision of means whereby
health is protected or arrangements for
disposal of manure/waste.
• Scour-fecal looseness;diarrhea
• Serum-the colorless fluid portion of blood
remaining after clotting and removal of
corpuscles. It differs from plasma in that,
the fibrogen has been removed.
• Shrinkage-weight loss.

12. Definition of terms
• Snout-long nose of the pigs
• Spasm-involuntary muscular contraction; if
painful, usually referred to as cramp, if violent
convulsion.
• Stale-not fresh
• Starters-pigs from 15 to 30 kgs.
• Starting weight-initial weight
• Strains- agroup of organisms having special
properties distinguishing them from the other
members of thesame species.
• Tetany-spasm and twisting of the muscles,
particularly those of the face, hands and feet.
• Toxin-poison
• Vaccine-a suspension of killed microorganism
(bacyeria, viruses)

13. Definition of terms
• Ventilation-system of ensuring fresh air
inside the building
• Virus-0ne of a group of minute
infectious agents
• Weaner-a pig has been separated from
its mother to become a fully mature
piglet.
• Weight gain-the added weight of a pig
from one period to another.
• Zoonotic disease-diseases and
infections that are naturally transmitted
from animal to man.

14. Reference:
International training center
on Pig husbandry (ITCPH)