DNA TO RNA MAKING PROCESS

1. Transcription of t-RNA in eukaryotic cell
RNA Polymerase
RNA Pol I- r RNA (18S and 26S)
RNA Pol II – m RNA
RNA Pol III- t RNA

2. Important things of Transcription
1. RNA Polymerase
2. DNA sequence
3. Enhancer
4. Repressor
5. Transcription factors

3. Transcription factors binding in
promoter region
+1

4. Transcription start site

5. Transcription factors binding in
promoter region

6. Transcription factors binding in
promoter region

7. Pol III binding in promoter region

8. Transcription of r-RNA in eukaryotic cell
RNA Pol I- r RNA
Transcription of divided into
1. Initiation
2. Elongation
3. Termination

9. Promoter region for r-RNA transcription

10. Promoter region and transcription start site
for r-RNA transcription
UCE AP

11. Transcription factors binding in promoter
region

12. Transcription factors binding in promoter
region

13. RNA Pol I binding in promoter region

15. Elongation of Transcription

16. Elongation of Transcription
The newly synthesized RNA always 5’------3’

17. Mechanism of
Nucleotide polymerization
OH group of one nucleotide attach with
the phosphate group of another nucleotide
to make the phosphodiester linkage in
the RNA chain.
PPi

19. Termination of Transcription
Polyadenylation of mRNA

20. Polyadenylation of mRNA

21. Polyadenylation of mRNA
CF: Cleavage Factor
CPSF: Cleavage and polyadenylation specific Factor
CST: Cleavage specific Factor

22. Polyadenylation of mRNA

23. Polyadenylation of mRNA

24. 5' capping in eukaryotic transcription
• 5' capping is post transcriptional modification
• Protected RNA from exonuclease
• Help to transport from nucleus to cytoplasm

25. Regular phosphodiester linkage

26. 5' capping in eukaryotic transcription
Guanosine tri-phosphate
GTP added with 5’ end of RNA by guanyl transferase

28. G ‘0’ cap
G ‘1’ cap
G ‘2’ cap
5' capping in eukaryotic transcription

29. Translation in eukaryotes
Translation divided into
1. Initiation
2. Elongation
3. Termination
Initiation
1. Pre-initiation Complex
2. Attachment of mRNA with Pre initiation complex
3. Scanning of mRNA to find out first codon
4. Make Functional unit for translation

32. Pre-initiation Complex

33. Attachment of mRNA with Pre initiation complex

34. Scanning of mRNA to find out first codon

35. Make Functional unit for translation