2. Distance Education
■ Defined as an institution-based, formal education where the learning group is
separated, and where interactive telecommunications systems are used to connect
learners, resources, and instructors
3. History of distance education
■ Seems to be a new idea to most educators
■ This is incorrect, distance education has been around for more than a century
■ Distance education has experienced growth and recent change
4. Components of distance education
■ Institutionally-based, this is what differentiates distance education from self-study.
■ Separation of the teacher and student, this is the concept of teachers are in one
location and students in another
■ Interactive telecommunications, interaction can be synchronous or asynchronous
■ Connecting learners, resources, and instructors, this means there are instructors who
interact with learners and that resources are available
5. Definitions
■ Open learning – innovative movement in education that emerged in the 1970s and
evolved into fields of practice and study
■ Virtual school – has become popular and is often used when referring to distance
education in schools
■ Independent study – the essence of distance education was the independence of the
student.This was reflected in his preference for the term independent study for
distance education at the college or university level
6. Keegan’s five main elements
■ Changes to normal structure of oral, group-based education
– The industrialization of teaching
– The privatization of institutional learning
– Change of administrative structure
– Different plant and buildings
– Change of costing structures
7. Foundations of Distance Education
■ Classified theories of distance education into three groups
– Theories of independence and autonomy
– Theories of industrialization of teaching
– Theories of interaction and communication
8. ChangeAgent
■ A change agent are those who are doing new things in the education system and
trying to spread those ideas.
■ The focus is on the people in the organization and their interactions
10. Reflective Practitioner
■ A reflective practitioner is someone who regularly looks back at their work that they
do, and the work process, and consider how they can improve.
■ They ‘reflect’ on the work they have done
