Foundation of Distance Education

1. WILLIS WHITE
FOUNDATION OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

2. WHAT IS DISTANCE EDUCATION?
Distance education is the education of students who may not always be
physically present at school.

3. IMPORTANT VOCABULARY
• Distant education-the learning of students through technology where they may not be physically present in a
classroom
• Open learning- a new way of looking at education in a quickly changing and diverse world. “virtual school” -
has become popular and is often used when referring to distance education in schools.
• Theory - a set of hypotheses logically related to one another in explaining and predicting occurrences
• The Foundations of Distance Education, Keegan- classified theories of distance education into three groups.
• Independent study- the essence of distance education was the independence of the student. This was
reflected in his preference for the term independent study for distance education at the college or university
level.
• Moore’s theory of distance education (independent study) -is a classification method for distance education
programs.
• Rationalization- The use of methodical measures to reduce the required amount of input of power, time, and
money
• Mechanization -The use of machines in a work process.
• Assembly line - method of work in which workers remain stationary, while objects they are working on move
past them

4. WHO IS BÖRJE HOLMBERG,
• Börje Holmberg is a leading distance education theorist and researcher, suggested
that the structure of distance education research should include: Philosophy and
theory of distance education, distance students and their milieu, conditions, and
study motivations , subject-matter presentation, communication and interaction
between students and their supporting , organization (tutors, counselors,
administrators, other students), administration and organization, economics, systems
(comparative distance education, typologies, evaluation, etc.), history of distance
education.

5. COLDEWAY'S QUADRANT
• Coldeway's created four different ways that education can be practiced.

6. COLDEWAY’S QUADRANT
• Same-time, same-place education (ST-SP); different-time, same-place education (DT-
SP); same-time, different-place education (ST-DP); and different-time, different-place
education (DT-DP). Same time in the same place (ST-SP) is more common. Different
time, same place means that the student is learning in a different environment for
example, in a reading lab or a different section of the room.

7. WHO IS RICHARD CLARK?
• Richard Clark, a researcher who introduced a famous analogy, published an article
explaining his purpose. He summarized decades of research when it comes to media. He
was unhappy with the false interpretation educators were having in terms of distance
education

8. WHO IS JIM FINN
• Jim Finn, a technology pioneer from the University of Southern California, explains how
something as simple as the stirrup is used as a technological innovation that potentially
has changed our society.

9. WHY DO WHY STUDENTS DEMAND TO LEARN ?
• When first asked, students admit to not wanting to learn at a distance. However, evidence
begins to suggest that students are demanding to have the opportunity to learn at a
distance. This is due to the motivation they receive from the choice of where and when
they learn.

10. SITES TO VISIT
• http://horizon.unc.edu/projects/issues/papers/Distance_Learning.asp
• https://depd.wisc.edu/0232/Distance%20Education%20Technologies.htm
• http://www.uam.es/personal_pdi/psicologia/pei/download/%5B4%5DDays2002DistanceTe
chnol ogy.pdf
• http://blog.online.colostate.edu/blog/online-teaching/new-technology-takes-the-distance-
out-of- distance-learning
• https://www.studyinternational.com/news/5-leading-us-providers-online-distance-
education/
• http://bamabydistance.ua.edu/degrees/ms-in-hes-with-a-specialization-in-interactive-
technology- online/index.php