Rizal's Life and works

1. LIFE AND WORKS
OF RIZAL
SS 105
PREPARED BY:
MS. NONA GRACE P. YANGUAS, MASS

2. DISCUSSION
Riza
l
Summary of the Midterm
Coverage
Analysis of the Power of Spain
in the Philippines
The Real Gist of Rizal’s Death
Morga and Rizal’s Annotations
of the Philippine History
Giving of Instruction for
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 2

3. Summary of the Midterm Coverage
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 3
FAMILIA
MERCADO
RIZAL’S CHILDHOOD
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
RIZAL’S FAMOUS LITERARY WORKS
THE WOMEN OF RIZAL

4. LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 4
FAMILIA MERCADO
BACK

5. RIZAL’S CHILDHOOD
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
BACK
Cultural Influences
Socialization
Physical Attributes
Intellectual Capacity
Literary Works
Languages

6. He studied Licentiate in Philosophy and
Letters and Ophthalmology in
Universidad Central de Madrid
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
(Timeline)
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 6
Informal
education by his
mother and his
private tutors
June 20,
1861-1870
Rizal studied Philosophy and Letters in
UST and after a year in 1878, he took
medicine. While he was studying, he
also took land surveying at Ateneo de
Municipal
1877- January 1, 1882
He received
formal
education in
Biñan, Laguna
1870
January 3, 1882- January 1,
1885
He studied
Bachelor in
Arts in
Ateneo
January 2,
1872- May
31, 1877
BACK

7. 7
Gertrude Beckett Nellie Boustead Suzanne Jacoby Josephine Bracken
THE WOMEN OF RIZAL
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

8. 8
SEGUNDA KATIGBAK
Leonor
Valenzuela
Leonor Rivera
Consuelo Ortiga O Sei San
THE WOMEN OF RIZAL
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
BACK

9. RIZAL’S LITERARY WORKS AND
TWO FAMOUS NOVELS
BACK
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

10. Analysis of the Power of
Spain in the Philippines
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

11. LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

12. LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
The Real Gist of Rizal’s
Death

13. 13
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

14. Morga and Rizal’s
Annotations of the
Philippine History
14
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

15. Who was Antonio de
Morga?
A.M.
15
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
November 29, 1559 – July 21, 1636

16. Dr. Antonio de
Morga
Sánchez
Garay
Sevilla, Spain
16
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
- He was a Spanish soldier,
lawyer, and a high-ranking
colonial official for 43 years, in
the Philippines, New Spain, and
Peru, where he was president of
the Real Audiencia for 20 years.
He was also a historian who
achieved a comprehensive and
balanced report and was even
critical of his fellow colonists at
times, the missionaries in
particular.
After being, reassigned to
Mexico, he published the book
entitled Sucesos de Las Islas
Filipinas in 1609.

17. Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas
17
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
Antonio de Morga’s Sucesos de
las Islas Filipinas
(“Events of the Philippine
Islands”)
-is lauded for its truthful,
straightforward, and fair account
of the early colonial period from
the perspective of a Spanish
colonist.
In his words, Morga’s main purpose for writing the book is to
commemorate the “achievements of our fellow Spaniards in
these days, in their discovery, conquest and conversion of the
Philippine Islands and the varied adventures they have had at
the same time in the great heathen kingdoms surrounding
these islands.”
The book narrates the history of
war, intrigues, diplomacy, and
evangelization of the Philippines.

18. Sucesos de las Islas
Filipinas is composed of
eight chapters:
18
First Chapter
• Magellan’s and Legazpi’s seminal
expeditions
Second to Seventh Chapter
• is a chronological report on the government
administration under several Governor-
Generals
Eighth Chapter
• provides a general “account of the Philippines
Islands, the natives there, their antiquity, customs,
and government, both in the time of their paganism
and after their conquest by the Spaniards; and other
particulars.”
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

19. Annotation
A critical or added note that explains something in a
text
The word annotation comes from the Latin root
words ad, meaning "to," and notare, meaning "to
note."
19
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

20. 1889-1990
Jose Rizal spent several months in London to do his historical research on
the pre-colonial Philippines. There, he was introduced to the works of Dr.
Antonio de Morga by his dear friend, Ferdinand Blumentritt who then had
an interest in studying the ethnic groups of the Philippines.
Jose Rizal considered it an valuable historical source because it was the
earliest written by a layman. Rizal was not the only one who saw the
value of Morga’s work. Lord Henry E.J.S Stanley translated it in English
for the Hakluyt Society of London, (named after Richard Hakluyt) an
esoteric group of history buffs and geographers who published
accounts of noteworthy voyages and “discoveries” that encouraged
conquest and colonization.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

21. Morga and Rizal’s Views about
Philippine History
During the Pre- Colonial Era in the Philippines, both have
their own views in the following aspects:
Geography Economy
Faith Society

22. Geography
(Location)
MORGA
• Philippines was deserted
and uninhabitable
• Extends up to 10-13
degrees south latitude.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 22
RIZAL
• Ptolemy in his geography
indicated three islands which
are Sinadae, Gilolo and
Ambonia and their
inhabitants, thius the
Philippines was not deserted
and was actually habitable.
• It was in fact in 25 degrees
and 40 minutes latitude north,
until 12 degrees latitude
south.

23. Geography
(Climate)
MORGA
• Winter and summer
are the opposite of
those in Europe, as
the rain pours from
month of June up to
September, and
summer from
October up to the
end of May.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 23
RIZAL
• In Manila by December,
January, and February the
thermometer goes down
more than in the months of
August and September
and therefore with regard
to the seasons it
resembles Spain as all the
rest of the North
Hemisphere.

24. Geography
(PLANT SPECIES)
MORGA
• There is an abundance of
ginger which is eaten raw, in
vinegar or pickled, likewise
much cachumba, a plant
giving both taste and color,
used in cooking in the place
of saffron and species, and
the buyo or betel which is
made out of a leaf, are all
abundant
• Coupled with a seed or nut is
called bonga, cut lengthwise
into slices and placed inside
the rolled betel leaf with a bit
of very quick lime.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 24
RIZAL
• In Tagalog, it is called
kasubha. It comes from
Sanskrit Kasumbha.
Malay, Kasumba.
• Everybody knows the
fruit is not of the betel or
buyo but of the bonga.

25. Society
(Body Tattoo and Clothing)
MORGA
• Native inhabitants also known as
Bisaya draw pattern first before
putting black powder where
blood oozes out.
• Natives of Luzon especially the
men, wore cangan fabric without
collar, sewn in front with short
sleeves extending down beyond
the waist, some blue and some
black; while the headman wore
the red one called “ chinanas”
and a colored blanket wrapped
around the waist to cover the
private parts.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 25
RIZAL
• Rizal agreed
• The word chinanas is
actually comes from the
word “tinina or tina”
which in tagalog means
dyed.

26. Society
(Body Tattoo and Clothing)
MORGA
• In the middle of the
waist they wore
“bahaque.”
• The legs and feet are
also bare and the head
is uncovered.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 26
RIZAL
• Bahag which is rich colored
cloth and quite often with
gold strips is the cloth used
among the chiefs.
• They put moro style like
turban and sometimes
wrapped around the head like
a small head- dress.

27. Government
• Government barely
existed because there
were no powerful
figures that ruled over
myriad communities,
most of them coastal,
each with its own set of
leaders.
MORGA
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 27
RIZAL
• Rizal agreed to Morga’s
statement.
• He added that there is no
need for the communities
to be beholden by a ruler
who didn’t even live
among them and wasn’t
familiar with their needs
and problems.

28. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
• The natives living in Luzon
are tribes from whom one
cannot be safe. To pacify
them, although it has often
tried to do these by good or
violent means.
• They will always choose
violence against the natives.
Inhumane ways of giving
disciplinary actions were
executed especially for those
who did not submit
themselves to the interests of
the friars.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 28
MORGA RIZAL

29. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
• Morga was fascinated with
the social organization of the
natives; he described the
origins, differences, privileges
of social classes, upward
mobility, inheritance of
possessions and titles.
• He emphasized that women
unlike their European
counterparts never lost their
titles.
In marriage, it was the groom
who gave the bride’s parents
a dowry because they were
losing a precious daughter.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 29
MORGA RIZAL

30. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
• Morga was amazed at the
native’s skills for boat making
and navigating without a
compass.
• The Indios have hygienic
customs which is the proper
way of taking a bath. Upon
coming out of their bath they
anoint the head with sesame oil
mixed with civet, which as we
shall describe later abounds in
the territory, and even on other
occasions, they are much given
to anointing their heads for
comfort and embellishment,
especially among women and
children.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 30
MORGA RIZAL

31. FAMILY AND HOUSEHOLD
• The house with parents and
children is called “Bahandin”.
• Inasawa is a wife married to a
native man
• The groom contributes a dowry,
that he had received from his
parents, while the bride does
not bring anything.
• In tagalog, a house is called
“pamamahay”. It is impossible
that bahandin has been coined
as bahayin because it is an
obsolete derivative.
• Asawa is called for a wife of a
native man
• A Filipino woman helps his
husband and is not seen as a
burden when they get married.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 31
MORGA RIZAL

32. EXOTIC FOODS
• They prefer to eat salt fish
which begins to decompose
and smell.
• Natives drink heavily and end
up being drunk during the
wedding feast.
• The fish that Morga mentioned
does not taste better when it is
beginning to rot; it is bagoong,
and all those who have eaten it
and tasted it know that it is not
or ought not to be rotten.
• It is common knowledge that
natives drink a lot but no matter
how inebriated they seem to be
after gathering, they can always
find their way home.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 32
MORGA RIZAL

33. DEATH CUSTOMS
• They buried their own dead
in their own houses; keeping
their bodies and bones for a
long time in boxes and
venerating their skulls.
• We find it more natural and
pious to venerate the remains
of our loved ones than those
fanatical martyrs with whom
we have no dealings and who
probably will never remember
us.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 33
MORGA RIZAL

34. IMPORTATION OF COTTON
• Cotton is raised through the
island. They spin it to thread
and sell it. They also weaved
blankets and garments which
they also trade.
• They also harvest cotton and
not just rice. Encomendero
earned a profit of about 50,
000 real out of cotton.
• Morga must have meant
sinamay which was woven
from abaca thread that comes
from the trunk, not the leaves.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 34
MORGA RIZAL

35. Importance of Rizal’s Annotation
• To create a sense of national consciousness or identity.
• To prove that Filipinos had a culture of their own, prior to
colonization, and that the Filipinos were not inferior to white
men.
• To reduce those Filipinos who denied tongue into a rotten
fish.
• To embrace the generic term “Indio” in today’s case and all
its negative connotations, to turn into one dignity and
nobility.
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 35

36. ACTIVITIES FOR THE FINAL TERM
PERIOD

37. ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY NO. 1
CREATIVE WRITING
Create a short story that best describe
the situation of the Philippines in
Hispanic era based on the book of
Morga, the Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas.
Include all elements of the short story to
make your output descriptive and
creative. (100 pts.)
Criteria for Scoring:
Content: 40%
Creativity: 40%
Organization- 20%
Total: 100 pts

38. ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY NO. 2
Compare and Contrast
Compare and Contrast the patriotic
ideologies that are emphasized in the
novels of Dr. Jose Rizal, the Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
You can create diagrams, images, and
other infographics in presenting your
output.
Criteria for Scoring:
Content: 20%
Creativity: 15%
Organization- 15%
Total: 50 pts

39. Unit Test
ACTIVITY NO. 2
Analysis and Application
Rizal’s annotation of Morga’s book created a
high sense of national identity in the Philippine
citizenry and promoted global awareness of
Filipino ethnicities and cultures locally and even
internationally.
a. Do you consider Rizal’s annotation to be a
boon or a bane in presenting the history of
the Philippines on the international stage?
Discuss comprehensively. (25 pts)
b. State the things that are annotated by Dr.
Jose Rizal in Morga’s Sucesos de Las Islas
Filipinas that are related to Filipino attributes
in the following aspects: (25 pts)
a. Social
b. Political
c. Cultural

40. DEADLINE OF SUBMISSION
LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL 40
FRIDAY
DECEMBER 16, 2022
(HARD COPY ONLY)