Rizal second time in europe

1. 1
UNIT 5:
RIZAL’S
SECOND TIME
TO EUROPE

2. 2
LEARNING OUTCOMES
⬗ Investigate Rizal’s travel and lessons in
Europe.
⬗ Narrate the events that led to the writing of
his Noli Me Tangere.
⬗ Discuss the aims of the Propaganda
Movement and how it works.

3. 3
INTRODUCTION
⬗ It is important to study the life of Jose Rizal
because of his input towards the independence
of Philippines.
⬗ His novels the "Noli Me Tangere" and "El
Filibusterismo" pointed out the issues that the
true citizens of Philippines faced under Spanish
rule and the need to take decisive action to
liberate themselves from oppression

4. 4
RIZAL’S SECOND TIME IN
EUROPE
 Arrived in Paris about 2 months before the opening of
the International Exposition
 Formation of an International Association of
Filipinologists under the presidency of Blumentritt and
with himself as secretary.
 Organized two societies of Filipinos; Kidlat Club and
Indios Bravos
 Spent most of his time in the reading room of the Biblio
Nationale, visiting friends, engaged in sculpturing,
sketching or painting beautiful objects and views and
attending scientific and cultural lectures, going to
theatre, attending parties and decent diversion

5. 5
RIZAL’S SECOND
SOJOURN IN
PARIS AND THE
UNIVERSAL
EXPOSITION
MARCH 1889

6. 6
Difficulty of Finding Quarters
⬗ Valentin Ventura- friend of Rizal where he
lived—No. 45 Rue Maubeuge, where he
polished his annotated edition of Morga’s
book.
⬗ Capitan Justo Trinidad – former
gobernadorcillo
⬗ Jose Albert - student

7. 7
Life in Paris
⬗ Rizal used most of his time in the reading
room of the Bibliotheque Nationale
(National Library) checking up his
historical annotations on Morga’s book
⬗ Also fencing, exercising and visiting
friends

8. 8
Pardo de Taveras
⬗ Rizal was a good friend of the three Pardo de Taveras—Dr.
Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera, a physician by vocation and
philologist by avocation, Dr. Felix Pardo de Tavera, also
physician by vocation and an artist and sculptor by avocation,
and Paz Pardo de Tavera, wife of Juan Luna
⬗ June 24, 1889- a baby girl was born to Juan Luna and Paz
Pardo de Tavera
⬗ Her baptismal godfather was Rizal, who chose her name “Maria
de la Paz, Blanca, Laureana, Hermenegilda Juana Luna y
Pardo de Tavera”

9. 9
Universal Exposition Of Paris
1889
⬗ May 6, 1889- opening of Universal Exposition
of Paris
⬗ The greatest attraction of this exposition was
the Eiffel Tower, 984 feet high, which was
built by Alexander Eiffel, celebrated French
engineer

10. 10
International Art Competition in the
Exposition
⬗ Felix Hidalgo : 2nd prize
⬗ Juan Luna & Felix Pardo de Tavera
: 3rd prize
⬗ Rizal’s bust : no prize

11. KIDLAT CLUB
⬗ March 19, 1889- Rizal
organized his paisanos
(compatriots)
⬗ Purely a social society of a
temporary nature
⬗ Founded to bring together
young Filipinos in the French
capital so that they could
enjoy their sojourn during the
Universal Exposition.
11

12. KIDLAT CLUB MEMBERS
⬗ Antonio & Juan Luna
⬗ Gregorio Aguilera
⬗ Fernando Canon
⬗ Lauro Dimayuga
⬗ Julio Llorente
⬗ Guillermo Puatu
⬗ Baldomero Roxas
12

13. INDIOS BRAVOS
⬗ Rizal and the members of the Kidlat Club were amazed to see the Buffalo Bull
show which featured the American Indians
⬗ These Red skinned Indians were proudly riding their sturdy ponies, elegantly
dressed in their native attire and wearing their war feathers and paints.
⬗ Rizal told his friends:
 Let us be proud of the name Indio and make our Spanish enemies revise
their conception of the term
 We shall be Indios Bravos
 The Indios Bravos (brave Indians) replaced the ephemeral Kidlat Club.
⬗ Members pledged to excel in intellectual and physical prowess in order to win
the admiration of the foreigners, particularly the Spaniards.
 They practiced with great enthusiasm the use of the sword and the pistol.
 Rizal taught them judo, an Asian art of self-defense that he learned in
Japan.
13

14. INDIOS BRAVOS
⬗ Rizal and the members of the Kidlat Club were amazed to see the Buffalo Bull
show which featured the American Indians
⬗ These Red skinned Indians were proudly riding their sturdy ponies, elegantly
dressed in their native attire and wearing their war feathers and paints.
⬗ Rizal told his friends:
 Let us be proud of the name Indio and make our Spanish enemies revise
their conception of the term
 We shall be Indios Bravos
 The Indios Bravos (brave Indians) replaced the ephemeral Kidlat Club.
⬗ Members pledged to excel in intellectual and physical prowess in order to win
the admiration of the foreigners, particularly the Spaniards.
 They practiced with great enthusiasm the use of the sword and the pistol.
 Rizal taught them judo, an Asian art of self-defense that he learned in
Japan.
14

15. R.D.L.M. SOCIETY
⬗ Secret, mysterious organization
⬗ Only two mentioned this secret society (1) Rizal’s Letter to Jose
Maria Basa, Paris, September 21, 1889 (2) Rizal’s Letter to Marcelo
H. del Pilar, Paris, November 4, 1889.
⬗ According to Dr. Leoncio Lopez-Rizal, the society has a symbol or
countersign represented by a circle divided into three parts by two
semicircles having in the center the intwerlocked letters I and B
meaning Indios Bravos and the letter R.D.L.M. placed outside an
upper, lower, left and right sides of the circle.
15

16. R.D.L.M. SOCIETY
⬗ Believed to be the initials of the society’s secret name Redencion de los
Malayos (Redemption of the Malays).
⬗ Patterned after Freemasonry with various degrees of membership, “with the
members not knowing each other”
⬗ The aim was “propagation of all useful knowledge – scientific, artistic,
literary, etc. – in the Phil.” & the redemption of the Malay race
⬗ Inspired by a famous book entitled Max Havelaar written by Multatuli.
⬗ Letter to Blumentritt:
 Revealed his intentions to be a leader of freedom, if not in the
Philippines, then in Borneo.
 If it is impossible for me to give freedom to my country, at least I should
like to give it to these noble compatriots in other lands.
16

17. ANNOTATED EDITION OF MORGA
PUBLISHED
⬗ Blumentritt censured Rizal for two things which revealed Rizal’s errors:
 Rizal commits the error of many historians in appraising the events of
the past in the light of present standards
 Rizal’s attack on the Church were unfair and unjustified because the
abuses of the friars should not be construed to mean the Catholicism is
bad.
⬗ Rizal's annotated Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas was truly an
excellent and inspirational piece of historiography because it can be
considered the best of the many histories of the Philippines written by the
carly Spanish writers, being accurate in facts and events and unbiased
judgment.
⬗ The title page of Rizal’s annotated edition of Morga reads: “Paris, Liberia de
Garnier Hermanos, 1890”.
17

18. ANNOTATED EDITION OF MORGA
PUBLISHED
⬗ Rizal’s outstanding achievement in Paris was the publication in 1890 of his
annotated editions of Morga’s Sucesos, which he wrote in the British Museum.
It was printed by Garnier Freres. The prologue was written by Professor
Blumentritt upon the request of Rizal.
⬗ Rizal dedicated his new edition of Morga to the Filipino people so that they
would know of their glorious past. His dedication is as follows:
“Born and reared in ignorance of our past like almost all of you: without
voice nor authority to speak of what we have not seen nor studied I deemed
it necessary to invoke the testimony of an Illustrious Spaniard who
controlled the destinies of the Philippines at the beginning of its new era
and personally witnessed the last days of our ancient nationality.”
18

19. ANNOTATED EDITION OF MORGA
PUBLISHED
⬗ Rizal proved that the Filipinos were already civilized before the
advent of Spain
 They had clothes, government, laws, writing, literature,
religion, arts, sciences, and commerce with neighboring Asian
nations.
 Rizal blasted the historical heresies of the Spanish
writers who claimed that the early Filipinos were savages
and were of low mentality.
19

20. THE PHILIPPINES WITHIN A
CENTURY
⬗ In this article, Rizal predicted with
amazing accuracy the tragic end
of Spain’s sovereignty in Asia.
⬗ Colonies established to subserve
the policy and commerce of the
sovereign country, all eventually
become independent
20

21. THE INDOLENCE OF THE
FILIPINOS
⬗ other essay, prestigious work of historical scholarship
⬗ It is an able defense of the alleged indolence of the
Filipinos.
⬗ Rizal made a critical study of the causes why his
people did not work hard during the Spanish regime.
⬗ His main thesis: Filipinos are not by nature indolent
⬗ The Spanish conquest of the country brought about a
decline in economic activities because the Filipinos
had abandoned their pre-Spanish industries and
worked less than their ancestors
21

22. Such decline in economic life was due to certain
causes:
⬗ Native revolts and other internal disorders following the establishment of
Spanish rule
⬗ The wars which the Filipinos fought for Spain’s enemies
⬗ The frightful raids on the coastal towns and village of Christian Philippines by
the Muslim pirates of Mindanao and Sulu
⬗ The forced labor which compelled thousands of Filipino laborers to work in
public works resulting in the abandonment of their personal works
⬗ Lack of stimulus to work harder because the people could not enjoy the fruits of
their labor
⬗ Government neglect and indifference to agriculture, industry, and commerce
⬗ The bad example shown by the Spaniards in despising manual labor
⬗ The teaching of Spanish missionaries that it is easier for a poor man to enter
heaven than for a rich man, hence the Filipinos prefer not to work and be poor
so that they could easily enter heaven after they die
⬗ Encouragement and propagation of gambling by the Spanish authorities
⬗ System of Spanish education did not promote economic enterprise and activity
22

23. THE INDOLENCE OF THE
FILIPINOS
⬗ Filipinos are easy going and do not work so hard
because they are wise enough to adjust themselves to
their warm, tropical climate.
 They do not have to kill themselves working
hard in order to live because nature gives them
abundant harvests by working less than those in
temperate and arid countries.
23

24. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF
FILIPINOLOGISTS
⬗ The aim of the association is to study the
Philippines from the scientific and historical point
of view
⬗ Their inaugural convention did not materialize
because the French government discouraged the
holding of conferences by private organizations
during the period of the international exposition.
24

25. PROJECT FOR FILIPINO COLLEGE IN
HONGKONG
⬗ This College aims to “train and educate men of
good family and financial means in accordance
with the demands of modern times and
circumstances”
⬗ A rich Filipino resident in Paris, Mr. Mariano
Cunanan, from Mexico, Pampanga, promised to help
him raise P40,000 as initial capital for the college.
⬗ This project of Rizal to establish a modern college
in Hong Kong, did not materialize
25

26. POR TELEFONO
⬗ This satirical pamphlet under the authorship of “Dimas Alang” is
a witty satire which ridicules Fr. Font, mastermind of the
banning of his Noli, in the fall of 1889
 It describes in comical vein a telephone conversation
between Fr. Font who was in Madrid and the father
provincial of the San Agustin Convent in Manila.
⬗ Rizal predicted much ahead of his times that people could carry
on overseas telephonic conversations --- 12 years after the
publication of Rizal’s “Por Telefono.”
26

27. BRIEF VISIT TO LONDON
⬗ Shortly after New Year, Rizal made a brief
visit to London. It may be due to two reasons:
(1) to check up his annotated edition of
Morga’s Sucesos with the original copy in
the British Museum
⬗ (2) to see Gertrude Beckett for the last
time
27

28. ROMANCE WITH ADELINA
⬗ In Paris, Rizal became fond
of Adelina, a young talented
quiet and unaffected lady with
refined manners. The
Boustead couple has two
daughters Nelly, the older and
Adelina the younger.
28

29. ROMANCE WITH ADELINA
⬗ Rizal and Luna (Antonio) used to
visit the Boustead family in Paris. In
the course of their frequent visits at the
Boustead home, Nelly was infatuated
with Rizal because of his wit, talent
and fine manners. But because he
loved Adelina, he did not even show
any sign of affection for Nelly. On the
other hand, Luna had strong feelings
for Nelly, but she (Nelly) did have
any love for him.
29

30. ROMANCE WITH ADELINA
⬗ Luna became jealous of Rizal
because Nelly was obviously in love
with the talented gentleman from
Calamba, because she showered
him attention.
⬗ Luna challenged him to duel but
fortunately the matter was settled
amicably by their friends.
30

31. ROMANCE WITH ADELINA
⬗ The saddest episode of his life was the news of the impending
marriage of Leonor Rivera, his sweetheart for eleven years to
Mr. Kipping, an English engineer employed in the construction of
Manila-Dagupan railway.
⬗ To divert his thoughts from the sad news about the approaching
marriage of Leonor and feeling disconsolate and heart-broken,
he visited the Boustead family in Biarritz.
⬗ In spite of his unsuccessful marital plan, Rizal remained a
good friend of the wealthy Boustead family.
31

32. Thank
you!
PRESENTATION BY:
TONGOL, FIEL CLARETTE
PSYCH 2A
32