The document discusses the SAE-AISI designation system for classifying steel compositions. It provides details on: - The SAE and AISI systems use a numerical code, typically 4 digits, to specify steel grades based on chemical composition, most notably carbon content. - The first digit(s) indicate the steel type (e.g. carbon, alloy) and the last two digits indicate average carbon percentage. - Prefixes in the AISI system provide additional information on manufacturing method or alloying elements. - Various steel types are designated by their chemical compositions and typical applications are outlined.

1. By: Rosales Eldwin Fritz D.
Sicsic Justyn Wayne M.
Introduction to the SAE-AISI
Designation System

2. Objectives:
 To be able to know the specification numbers of
both SAE/AISI materials.
 To familiarize at least a couple of metal
specification numbers regarding SAE-AISI
materials.

3. AISI AND SAE SPECIFICATION
NUMBERS
There are numerous “standard” materials
specifications. Many large consuming
organizations and nearly all producers have some
standards of their own. The armed forces have
numerous ones.

4. The principal agencies whose
specifications are most widely used are:
 ASTM – American Society for Testing
Materials.
 SAE – Society of Automotive Engineers
 AISI – American Iron and Steel Institute

5. Difference between AISI/SAE:
SAE and AISI specification numbers are alike in
terms of steels except:
 The AISI uses prefixes B,C,D, and E to indicate
the method of manufacturing the carbon grades.

6. In general way for steel, the first digit (or the first
two digit) of the number represents the type of
steel. The last two digits in four-digit numbers
invariably give the approximate or average
carbon content in “points” or hundredths of
percent.

7. Schematic Representation of AISI/SAE
Steel Designation System:

8. The said figure demonstrates that the SAE-AISI
system uses a four-digit number to designate a
carbon and alloy steel and refers to its specific
chemical composition. However, that there are also
certain types of alloy steels that are designated by
five digits ( 51XXX; 52XXX).

9. The SAE/AISI system classifies all other alloy
steel using the same four digit index as
follows:
2 - Nickel steels;
3 - Nickel-chromium steels;
4 - Molybdenum steels;
5 - Chromium steels;
6 - Chromium-vanadium steels;
7 - Tungsten-chromium steels;
9 - Silicon-manganese steels.

10. In general way for steel, the first digit (or the
first two digits) of the numbers represents a
type of steel, for example:
1XXX - is a plain carbon steel.
11XX - is a plain carbon steel with greater sulfur
content for free cutting.
2XXX - is a nickel.

11. The last two digits in four-digit numbers
invariably give the approximate or average
carbon content in “points” or hundredths of
percent, for example:
SAE 1030 or an AISI C1030 has about 0.30%
carbon, spoken of as 30 points of carbon
(nominal range is 0.28%-0.34%). Or in 8620, the
average carbon content is close to 0.20% (range
of 0.18%-0.23%).

12. System of specification numbers for
steel- AISI and SAE
In the AISI system, prefixes have the following
meanings:
H – Hardenability
B – acid bessemer steel
C – basic ,open-heart carbon steel
D – acid open heart carbon steel
E – electric-furnace steel
L – Lead
M – merchant quality steel

13. Letters B or L in the middle of the number indicates
that boron or lead, respectively, has been added
as:
94 B 40 and 11 L 41.
An H at the end indicates that material can be
bought on hardenability specification as:
9840H

14. CARBON STEELS
10XX
11XX
12XX
15XX
Plain carbon, Mn 1.00% max
Resulfurized free machining
Resulfurized/rephosphorized free
machining
Plain carbon, Mn 1.00-1.65%
Manganese Steel 13XX Mn 1.75%
Nickel Steels 23XX
25XX
Ni 3.50%
Ni 5.00%
Nickel-chromium
Steels
31XX
32XX
33XX
34XX
Ni 1.25%, Cr 0.65-0.80%
Ni 1.75%, Cr 1.07%
Ni 3.50%, Cr 1.50-1.57%
Ni 3.00%, Cr 0.77%
Molybdenum Steels 40XX
44XX
Mo 0.20-0.25%
Mo 0.40-0.52%
Chromium-
molybdenum Steels
41XX Cr 0.50-0.95%, Mo 0.12-0.30%

15. Nickel-chromium-
molybdenum steels
43XX
47XX
Ni 1.82%, Cr 0.50-0.80%, Mo 0.25%
Ni 1.05%, Cr 0.45%, Mo 0.20-0.35%
Nickel-molybdenum
steels
46XX
48XX
Ni 0.85-1.82%, Mo 0.20-0.25%
Ni 3.50%, Mo 0.25%
Chromium steels
50XX
51XX
50XXX
51XXX
52XXX
Cr 0.27-0.65%
Cr 0.80-1.05%
Cr 0.50%, C 1.00% min
Cr 1.02%, C 1.00% min
Cr 1.45%, C 1.00% min
Chromium-vanadium
steels
61XX Cr 0.60-0.95%, V 0.10-0.015%
Tungsten-chromium
steels
72XX W 1.75%, Cr 0.75%
Nickel-chromium-
molybdenum steels
81XX
86XX
87XX
88XX
Ni 0.30%, Cr 0.40%, Mo 0.12%
Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.50%, Mo 0.20%
Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.50%, Mo 0.25%
Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.50%, Mo 0.35%
Silicon-manganese
steels
Nickel-chromium-
92XX
93XX
94XX
97XX
Si 1.40-2.00%, Mn 0.65-0.85%, Cr 0-0.65%
Ni 3.25%, Cr 1.20%, Mo 0.12%
Ni 0.45%, Cr 0.40%, Mo 0.12%
Ni 0.55%, Cr 0.20%, Mo 0.20%

16. A brief suggestion of typical uses of plain
carbon wrought steel is as follows:
Carbon 10-20 points, 10XX group – used for tubing,
forgings, pressed-steel parts, screws, rivets and
for case-hardened parts.
Carbon 10-20 points, 11XX group – due to high
sulfur content, it is free-cutting and good for use
in automatic screw machines and for other parts
including screws and also may be carburized.

17. Carbon 20-30 points – General purpose grades.
Used for forged and machined parts, screws; also
for boiler plate and structural steel.
Carbon 30-55 points – with 0.40-0.50% C,
frequently used for miscellaneous forged and
machined parts; shafts.

18. Carbon 60-90 points – may be hardened to a
cutting edge, especially in the higher ranges of
carbon; therefore used for tools and also for
springs. High strength, low ductility. Nearly always
heat treated, say, to a Brinell hardness 375 or
higher.

19. THANK YOU
VERRY MUCH
FOR LISTENING!!
