Enbe town report mustaqim choo 2014

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Content:
1. INTRODUCTION (3)
2. A TOWN (4 – 6)
3. INVESTIGATION & DATA COLLECTION ~ Ancient City (7 – 11)
4. INVESTIGATION & DATA COLLECTION ~ Present City (12 – 15)
5. INVESTIGATION & DATA COLLECTION ~ Future City (16 – 18)
6. RADON ~ TOWN OF EDUCATION THROUGH SUSTAINABILITY
(19-27)
7. CONCLUSION (28)
8. REFERENCES (29 – 30)

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Introduction
For the final ELEMENTS OF NATURAL AND BUILT
ENVIRONMENTS (ENBE) project, we are tasked to create and
propose a new town for the increasing amount of citizens in
Malaysia. We, being the mayor of the new town has to propose a
new town layout really quickly. The town has to be able to
provide sustainability for the citizens and the future.
Students are given several choices in choosing a theme to create a
new town or by re-enhancing a current town. Such as, a town

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with a lake, a town on a small island, a town with a river flowing
right through the town, a town next to the sea or estuary.
So for this project, we have to conduct intense research online
and research on books to know the type of grid systems that are
suitable. At the same time, for a proper urban town planning, we
have to consider zonings of the town, activities, transportation
and networking infrastructure and sustainable initiatives for better
living.

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TOWN
DEFINITION
/toun/
noun: town; plural noun: towns
an urban area that has a name, defined boundaries, and local
government, and that is generally larger than a village and smaller
than a city
A BRIEF HISTORY
A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller
than a city. The size definition for what constitutes a "town"
varies considerably in different parts of the world.
The legal definition of a town in Canada varies by province or
territory, as each has jurisdiction over defining and legislating
towns, cities and other types of municipal organization within its
own boundaries.
The province of Quebec is unique in that it makes no distinction
under law between towns and cities. There is no intermediate level
in French between villageand ville (municipality is an administrative

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term usually applied to a legal, not geographical entity), so both
are combined under the single legal status of ville. While an
informal preference may exist among English speakers as to
whether any individual ville is commonly referred to as a city or as
a town, no distinction and no objective legal criteria exist to make
such a distinction under law.
COMPONENTS OF A GOOD SUSTAINABLE
TOWN
~ A town that appreciates and embraces its history and culture.
~ A town that has a desire to change for the better.
~ Basic transportation for mobility of people.

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~ Well organized zones that equally separates spaces.
~ Civilization of the people in the town as adjacent to the future.
~ Heritage of the town that has established well.
~ Waste are recycled and used as resources that does not decompose.

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INVESTIGATION AND DATA
COLLECTION
ANCIENT TOWN
HARAPPA
The Harappan City was divided into the upper town called the
Citadel and the lower town. The various features of the Harappan
town Planning is given below:
Granaries: The granary was the largest structure in Mohenjodaro,
in Harappa there were about six granaries or storehouses. These
were used for storing grain.

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Great Bath: This was another important structure in Mohenjodaro.
The floor of the bath had five layers. It was so watertight that
even today it holds water. There were changing rooms. People
probably used it during festivals and religious ceremoies.
Town Hall: A palace-like building that looked like an assembly hall
for the city government of for people to meet.
Lower Town: This was the residential area where the common
people lived.
Streets: The roads and streets intersected at right angles. There
were covered drains along the road. Houses were built on either
side of the roads and streets.
Drainage System: The drainage system of the Harappan cities was
the best known to the world in ancient times. The brickwork
prevented the dirty water from leaking. Wooden screens stopped
the solid wastes from being washed away with the water. Drains
were built either side of the roads. They were covered with stones
which could be removed in order to clean them.
Houses: The houses varied in size. Some might have been two
storeyed. The houses were made of burnt bricks. Most of the
houses had central courtyard, well, bathing area and kitchen.

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ANCIENT TOWN
ANGKOR WAT
Architecture
Spread over an area of more than 200 hectares, the Angkor Wat
was built using the two fundamental plans of Khmer architecture:
the Temple Mountain and the Galleried Temple. According to the
Temple Mountain plan, the temple is depicted as Mount Meru,
the abode of Hindu Gods. The wall and moat enclosing the temple,
represent mountains and oceans respectively. The temple's
conformity with the Khmer architecture, can be best understood
if we divided the temple into an outer structure and inner
structure.
Structure
Outer Structure
The temple complex is enclosed within a 190 m wide moat. A
stretch of 30 m wide open ground separates the moat from the
4.5 m high outer wall that surrounds the temple on all four sides.
Entry to the temple complex is guarded by an impressive

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architectural structure, which is on each side of the outer wall, is
known as the gopura. Inside the walls lies an area of 820,000
square meters that not only has the temple, but that once also
housed the entire city and the royal palace.
Inner Structure
The inner structure contains the temple, that stands on a raised
terrace made of three rectangular galleries, rising to a central
tower. The three galleries are believed by some to represent
Brahma - the creator according to Hindu mythology, the moon,
and Vishnu the Hindu god who is supposed to be the preserver of
all forms of life. The central tower forms a quincunx with the
other towers on the gallery to represent mount Meru, surrounded
by other peaks.
By the 12th century the Khmer craftsmen had become skilled
workers of sandstone. The temple is made of sandstone, and is
intricately decorated with scenes from Hindu epics, like the
Ramayana and Mahabharata. It preserves the style of the Khmer
period, in the form of towers that are shaped like lotus buds,
cruciform terraces and axial galleries that connect enclosures.
Although the temple follows the basic principles of Khmer
architecture, unlike other temples built around the same time, the
Angkor Wat faces the west. Some believe that this deviation from

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the usual orientation of Khmer temples towards the east, is
because it is dedicated to Lord Vishnu, who is associated with the
west direction. However, some other scholars believe that
orientation towards the west direction reflects Suryavarman II's
desire to use the temple for personal funerary purpose.
Angkor Wat is the largest temple in the world that has been
compared to the architecture of Rome and ancient Greece. It has
been a part of the Angkor World Heritage Site since 1992 and is
a symbol of pride for the people of Cambodia.
Hence, I would like to extract the town grid from the Harappa
Town and the culture and history loving spirit of Angkor Wat.

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PRESENT TOWN
TOWNSVILLE, QUEENSLAND,
AUSTRALIA
into my town Townsville is a city on the north-eastern coast
of Queensland, Australia. Adjacent to the central section of
the Great Barrier Reef, it is in the dry tropics region of
Queensland.Townsville is Australia's largest urban centre north of
the Sunshine Coast, with a 2013 population estimate of
189,238,Considered the unofficial capital of North Queensland,
Townsville hosts a significant number of governmental, community
and major business administrative offices for the northern half of
the state.
Popular attractions include "The Strand", a long tropical beach and
garden strip; Riverway, a riverfront parkland attraction located on
the banks of Ross River; Reef HQ, a large
tropical aquarium holding many of the Great Barrier Reef's native
flora and fauna; the Museum of Tropical Queensland, built around
a display of relics from the sunken British warship HMS Pandora;

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The Townsville Sports Reserve; and Magnetic Island, a large
neighbouring island, the vast majority of which is national park.
Inner city high-density development has also created population
growth and gentrification of the central business district (CBD).
One significant contributor to CBD development was the
construction of a new rail passenger terminal and moving the
railway workshops, releasing prime real estate which formerly
belonged to Queensland Rail for the development of residential
units, retail projects and a new performing arts centre. The skyline
of Townsville's central business district has undergone dramatic
changes over the last few years, with a number of new highrise
buildings, both commercial and residential, constructed.
In the short term, much of the urban expansion will continue to
the west and the north, in the former City of Thuringowa. The
most significant of these is North Shore Estate, a new A$1 billion
5,000-lot housing estate, located close to the Bruce Highway,
just north of the Bohle River. Medium term expansion of
Townsville will be focused on two major urban developments
anticipated to start soon. Rocky Springs, a satellite city to the
south of Townsville, is expected to eventually be home to 55,000
people. Additionally, the State Government announced it will be
offering 270ha of State-owned land (the former abattoir
reserve), just south of the Bohle River, for future urban
expansion.

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As a result, I would also like to implement Queensville’s CBD
strategies.

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FUTURE TOWN
GWANGGYO POWER CENTRE, SOUTH KOREA
The new city center designed by Dutch architects MVRDV for
Gwanggyo, a city coming up 35 kms from Seoul in South Korea
seems to be something taken out of the sci fi movies. Expected
to be completed by 2011, the city is sufficient enough to hold
77000 inhabitants and has a design envisioned with two centers
which is a mix of housing, culture, office, retail, and leisure and
education spaces. Various atriums are created in the towers
catering to various categories, with box hedges being planted on
the roofs and terraces which in turn improves ventilation and
reduces usage of energy and water.

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  [Press Release]  MVRDV wins Gwanggyo City Centre
Competition, near Seoul, South Korea
The Daewoo Consortium and the municipality of Gwanggyo
announced the MVRDV concept design for a dense city centre
winner of the developer’s competition for the future new town of
Gwanggyo, located 35km south of the Korean capital Seoul. The
plan consists of a series of overgrown hill shaped buildings with
great programmatic diversity, aiming for high urban density and
encouragement of further developments around this so-called
‘Power Centre’, one of the envisioned two centre’s of the
future new town.
Since the beginning of the millennium local nodes with a high
density concentration of mixed program are used in Korean town
planning. These nodes consist of a mix of public, retail, culture,
housing, offices and leisure generating life in new metropolitan
areas and encouraging further developments around them: the
Power Centre strategy. The Gwanggyo Power Centre will consist of
200,000m2 housing, 48,000m2 offices, 200,000m2 mix of
culture, retail, leisure and education and 200,000m2 parking.

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This diverse program has different needs for phasing, positioning
and size. To facilitate this all elements are designed as rings. By
pushing these rings outwards, every part of the program receives a
terrace for outdoor life. Plantations around the terraces with a
floor to floor circulation system store water and irrigate the
plants. The roofs of these hills and the terraces are planted with
box hedges creating a strong, recognizable, cohesive park. This
vertical park will improve the climate and ventilation, reduce
energy and water usage. As a result a series of overgrown green
‘hills’ appear in the landscape.
The site is surrounded by a beautiful lake and forested hills, the
design aims to create a landscape on top of the new program that
enlarges the green qualities and that links the surrounding parks by
turning the siteinto a park.

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The shifting of the floors causes as a counter effect hollow cores
that form large atriums. They serve as lobbies for the housing and
offices, plazas for the shopping center and halls for the museum
and leisure functions. In each tower a number of voids connect to
the atrium providing for light and ventilation and creating semi-
public spaces. On the lower floors the atriums are connected
through a series of public spaces on various levels linking the
towers and serving the outdoor facilities of the culture, retail and
leisure program. The Power Centre creates a dense urban program
with a green regard.
Because of this, The element at Gwanggyo Town can be
implemented in my Town is the “Power Center” and high urban

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density. It has a floor to floor circulation system which is store
water and irrigate the plants. Beside that it also have a climate
ventilation which is reduce energy and water usage. So that my
Town will be looks more like green and sustainable town.
INSPIRED BY NATURE
TOWN OF FREYLAKE
Based on all the studies and research that I have done, I have
decided to create a town with a lake. This is because my main
objectives of town will be a business and tourism hub related to
the lake.
My town will consist of 80% of greenery throughout the town as
all the transportation routes are underground. I have chosen the

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name Freylake for my town as it carries the meaning of peace and
fertility.
This town grid system will be square grid system as this grid
happens to be a very structural grid as shown in the investigation
about ancient city ; Harappa. The reason of choosing it to be an
business and tourism hub is because of Townsville that has the
connecting sea to the ports in Australia.
As for my transportation, all of the transportation routes will be
underground to reduce Co2 gasses as much as possible.
ZONING OF FREYLAKE

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OVERALL MASTER PLAN OF
FREYLAKE

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CONCLUSION
AFTER WEEKS OF CONTINUOUS RESEARCH I REALIZE THAT A TOWN DOES
NOT MEAN EVERYTHING HAS TO BE UNIFORM AND TO BE STRUCTURED BUT
HOW SUSTAINABLE IT CAN BE TO BE ABLE TO SUPPORT THE LIVES OF THE
CITIZENS AND THE FUTURE LIVING IN THE TOWN.
SUSTAINABILITY IS NOT ABOUT HOW EXPENSIVE OR POSH THE MATERIALS
ARE, BUT HOW THE MATERIALS LAST AND HOW MUCH EFFORT AND SWEAT
HAS BEEN APPLIED IN ORDER TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE THAT MATTERS MORE.
IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW THAT WHAT PEOPLE USUALLY NEED TO SUSTAIN
THEIR LIVES AND FOR THEIR CONVENIENCE. BESIDE, WHILE PLANNING A
TOWN, IT IS HARD TO ARRANGE AND INSERT THE GREEN SPECIES SUCH AS
TREES AND FOREST, GREEN TECHNOLOGIES SUCH AS SOLAR ENERGY INTO A
LAYOUT OF THE TOWN. ONCE THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE TOWN IS
ACHIEVED, THE CITIZEN ARE ALREADY LIVING IN THE FUTURE BECAUSE
FUTURE TOWN IS A GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE TOWN.

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REFERENCES
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town#Australia
- http://www.tuvie.com/future-new-town-of-gwanggyo-with-
plantations-around-the-terraces/
- * Roach, J. (2014). Lost City of Mohenjo Daro --
National Geographic. [online] National Geographic. Available
at:
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/archaeology/m
ohenjo-
daro/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_
membership_r1p_intl_dr_w#

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- * Centre, U. (2014). [online] Whc.unesco.org. Available
at:
http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&l=en&id_site=948&gal
lery=1&&maxrows=22
- * Whitaker, A. (2014). Mohenjo Daro. [online] Ancient-
wisdom.co.uk. Available at: http://www.ancient-
wisdom.co.uk/Pakistanmohenjo.htm

Enbe town report mustaqim choo 2014

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