Enbe report

Content:
1. Introduction Pg 3
2. The City Pg 4 – Pg 8
3. Investigation & Data Collection:
Ancient and old city Pg 9 – Pg 13
The present city
Pg 14 – Pg 18
The future and better city
Pg 19 – Pg 22
6. The Sky Pillar Pg 23 – Pg 29
7. Conclusion Pg 30
8. References list Pg 31

1. Introduction
This is our final project for Element In Natural And Build Environment (ENBE).
The tittle of this project is “The Future City Representation”. This project is
divided into two parts where the first part is the individual component which
requires students to produce a video presentation and an A4 sized report
regarding of the city. The second part og this project is a group component
where students have to build a model of the selected city by lecturers.
Students are required to plan and design a futuristic city which is
sustainable in the future. Before begin designing, students are required to
research on ancient, present and future cities to help on understanding what
is and what makes a city. Besides, while planning the future city, students shall
consider and include the following aspects such as the main focus,
geometric shape, zoning of the city and many more.
This project is indeed allowing students to understand the component
and elements of a city and how to create a better future city.

2.The City
2.1 :- Definition
City (pronunciation - ˈsi-tē),
According to the Meriam Webster, a city is defined as,
- an inhabited place of greater size, population, or importance than a town
or village.
- relatively permanent and highly organized centre of population
To accommodate a large population of people, a city have to built accordingly to various
urban planning, zoning and to make perfect use of every land in it. It commonly includes
complex system for transportations, utilities, sanitation, sewage handling, energy
distributing, and land usage. The city is a place of business, connectivity, living, learning and
as well resting. A city can exists for many reasons, either to act as centres of storage, trading,
or manufacture. A city serves as a centre of government to administrate people and act as a
protection for the residents. Conurbation or megalopolis happened once a city evolves far
enough to reach to another city.
2.2 :- Brief History
The origin of the city can be traced from very long history, even since back to 7500 BC. The
city was believed started since the Neolithic era, where their development of agricultural
had assured to sustain a permanent population. However, the first true towns started
shaping once the people were not simply farmers but instead they began to take on
specialized occupations, know how to trade, having food storage, and as well have the
knowledge to centralize power. The first grid planning and connectivity system is found
back at 2600 BC from Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, indicating people’s diligence in research
and development.
During the early ages, cities were mostly formed at crossroads, transfer points and
harbor where it provides ease to people around to trade and gather. Some of the cities also
formed on riversides and places where they can get natural resources easily.

With rising population, London was the first to exceed a population of 1 million, a
milestone in city development during Middle Ages. But it was only during the Industrial Age
that massive advancement and urbanization starting to rise, where transportations,
facilities, and management provided within reaches, just like how present cities work right
now.
2.3 :- What Makes a City ?
A city should at least consists of basic services, facilities, resources, management and
utilities provided to the residents, including:
 Efficient and safe electrical, water and food supplies.
 Proper infrastructure and facility such as highways, lighting, and sewage managements.
 Organized city zoning and planning that harmonically distinguish the city and its
environment.
 Basic transportation such as buses and taxis.
 Beautiful monuments and vista that forms an identity of the city.
 Provides connectivity and interaction among residents.
 Health, safety and services are accessible to all.
2.4 :- What Makes a Good City ?
A good city is not only based on its appearance, instead it have to be based on many various
aspects listed on above (refer to 2.3). But for my opinion, a good city is a sustainable and
ecological city, with balance of social, economic and the surrounding environment; stability
of development; and a strong fundamental of the government as well.
A city essentially must have a certain level of cleanliness to prevent the spreading of
disease, maintaining its condition and also to enhance the beauty of city. To achieve this,
clean water supply and decent sewage handling system should be provided in a city. In
addition, public spaces such as garden, park, malls, plaza and playgrounds which allow

people to congregate and interact with each other help promote a friendly society in a
quality city.
A good city wouldn’t establish if there is no solid economy and a strong tax base. This
is to secure the financial and economical of the city. Furthermore, a city should provide with
affordable medical, social services, sanitation and fire protection service so that to lessen
the burden of residents in the city. In other hand, educational services such as schools,
colleges, universities and other learning institute should be easily assessable within a city to
encourage and provide an ease for people to receive education. Last but not least, to
achieve a safe and secure city, law reinforcement and proper distribution of police forces
should be done by the government.
Concerning about the environmental issues, a good city takes responsible to reduce
the emissions of carbon dioxide and pollutants. To achieve this, systematic and flawless
public transportation such as buses, monorail, train and taxis should be provided at all time.
A good city planning not only reduce the unnecessary carbon dioxide release but it also
helps the residents to save time when traveling within the city. Planting green belt and
plants around the city help alleviate eye stress and as well purify the air on the hectic city.
In a nutshell, good city greatly depending on the cooperation between the government and
residents A good city have to brew slowly as ‘Rome is not build in one day’.
2.5 :- What is a future city?
There is no definite guideline and figure for a future city. In the future city, there should be
equipped with characteristics of a better city. I can imagine in future city should have
flawless urban planning, fuses with advance technology, breath-taking sculpture and
building scattered around the city, fully utilize the land available, facilities convenient to
residents, and strong administrative government as well. However, what most importantly
in a future city is a chance for the conservation of ecosystem.
There are already many cities deemed as future city due to its blooming development and
advancement. Even we can search for future city proposal on the internet today. What
future city will be is currently waiting us to explore.

2.6 :- Elements of urban design
To make up a good city and town, there are several elements of the design and
coordination to follow.
 Building : buildings are the most encountered elements in urban design, they shape
and articulate space by forming the street walls of the city.
 Public space : great public spaces are the living room of the city, it is the place where
people come together to enjoy the city with each other.
 Streets : streets are known as the connection between spaces and places.
 Transport : transport system connect the parts and corners of the cities, it enable
movement throughout the city.
 Landscape : the landscape is the green part and arrangement of the city in the form of
parks, street trees, plants, flowers, and water in many forms.
These elements weave together into a coherent, organized design structure to form an
urban design. The creative articulation of space is the most prominent aspect for urban
design. The following artistic principles are an integral part in creating form and spatial
definition.
1) Order
2) Hierarchy
3) Contrast
4) Aesthetic
5) Proportion
6) Unity
7) Balance
8) Rhythm
9) Texture
10) Context
11) Detail
12) Symmetry
13) Harmony
14) Scale
15) Proximity
2.7 :- Infrastructure of a smart city
1. Technology Development
 Technological development is necessary to adapt the changes in response to internal and external
 Technological system enhances processes from planning through construction, operation, and
evaluation of a city.

 Autonomous disclosure of resource information and accommodation between systems work to
maintain the sustain
 Provide an IT platform to the residents.
2. Mobility
 Transportation is a mean of reaching your destination.
 The major six problems that must be resolved by smart mobility:
o congestion
o road user safety
o eco-friendly
o maintenance
o disaster
3.
 Cost of usage is reduced while convenience and comfort are improved.
 City managers also enjoy benefits such as improved reliability and increased business opportunities.
4. Energy
 Utilizes energy effectively when distributing them to the residents.
 Improve the efficiency utilization and reducing CO2
emissions by using smart grids.
5. Communications
 More convenience through a network with reliable security.
 Borderless communication between residents.
 Businesses can be made online through networking.
6. Water
 Maintain the sources of fresh water that can be used by humans
 Handle water shortages in the future.

A statue of Tlaloc, the Aztec god of rain,
stands at the entrance of the National
Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City.
(Source from Shutterstock)
 Investigation & Data Collection:
3. Ancient City – Tenochtitlán ( City that walked on water)
3.1 :- Introduction to Tenochtitlán City
Tenochtitlán was the capital of Aztec(old Mexico) that prospered between A.D. 1325 and
1521. This city was built on an island in the middle of Lake Texcoco when the Aztecs arrived
at 1325. Tenochtitlán was described to be traversed by great causeways, attractive, strictly
regulated, and stone-built city with hundred thousand of residents. It also had a system of
canals that supplied to the residents who was once reached three hundred thousand people
there.
However, the city was majorly devastated by the Spanish
conquistador Hernán Cortés after a siege in 1521, and modern-day
Mexico City now lies over much of its remains. Now, the ruins of
Tenochtitlán is allowing tourists to excurse by renting boats in the
canal of Xochimilco.
The city itself would come to boast an aqueduct that brought in
potable water and a great temple dedicated to both Huitzilopochtli
(the god who led the Mexica to the island) and Tlaloc, a god of rain
and fertility.
A model of reconstructed Tenochtitlán is featured at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City.
(Source : National Museum of Anthropology )

3.2 :- Brief History of Tenochtitlán City
The Aztec people left their home city of Aztlan approximately 1,000 years ago according to
myth. Until today, scholars do not know where Aztlan was, but according to ancient
accounts one of these Aztec groups, known as the Mexica, founded Tenochtitlán in 1325.
The myth continues that Huitzilopochtli, the god of war, the sun and human sacrifice,
is said to have directed the Mexica to settle on the island. “He ordered his priests to look for
the prickly pear cactus and build a temple in his honor. They followed the order and found
the place on an island in the middle of the lake ...” (Tenochtitlán: Capital of the Aztec
Empire written by Jose Luis de Rojas)
De Rojas also notes that the early years were difficult where people have to live in
shacks and the Huitzilopochtli temple which was made of perishable material. Besides,
Tenochtitlán that time was under the sway of another city named Azcapotzalco, to which
they had to pay tribute.
After years of wandering and living off what they could scavenge or pillage from
settled communities, the Tenochtitlán ruler Itzcoatl (reign 1428-1440) break free from
Azcapotzalco’s control and assert the city’s independence from the political instability at
Azcapotzalco and combined with an alliance with the cities of Texcoco and Tlacopan.
For the next 80 years, the territory governed by Tenochtitlán and its allies bloomed,
and the city became the center of a new empire. The tribute that flowed in made the
inhabitants land wealthy. “The Mexica extracted tribute from the subjugated groups and
distributed the conquered lands among the victors, and wealth began to flow to
Tenochtitlán,” writes de Rojas, noting that this caused in prompt immigration into the city.
In 1519, Cortés landed in Mexico and he was initially greeted with gifts of gold from
Tenochtitlán’s ruler Motecuhzoma II. The king hoping that the gifts would appease the
Spanish and make them goes away. However, it had the opposite effect when these golds
made the Spanish more anxious than ever to see the city as gold was what they sought after.
Cortes then repaid the ruler by taking him prisoner and trying to rule the city in his
name. This arrangement quickly soured with dissident groups naming Cuitlahuac, the king’s
brother, to take over the city.
Cortés fled the city on 1520, but within several months started marching back with a
great army to conquer it. Smith notes that this force was made up of 700 Spaniards and
70,000 native troops who had allied themselves with the Spanish.

This army laid siege to Tenochtitlán, destroying the aqueduct and trying to cut off
food supplies to the hundreds of thousands of people in the city. Making matters worse is
that the inhabitants of the city had recently been decimated by a smallpox plague to which
they had no immunity.
“The illness was so dreadful that no one could walk
or move. The sick were so utterly helpless that they could
only lie on the beds like corpses...” wrote Friar Bernardino
de Sahagún from "The Aztecs" book.
The sheer size of Cortés force, their firepower and the
plague ravaging Tenochtitlán made victory inevitable for the
Spaniards. The city was theirs in August 1521. The Tlaxcallan
soldiers that were in Cortés force went on to massacre and
many of the remaining inhabitants of Tenochtitlán. The
ancient city had fallen, and a new Spanish colonial city
would be built atop its ruins.
3.3 :- The Structure of Tenochtitlán City
3.4 :- Things I learnt from Tenochtitlán City
Significant information and structure of the city Information I consider for
my future city
Artificial floating gardens with canal waterways, plants, shrubs, and
trees were surrounded the raised causeways.
Planning a green city by
combining the city with the
nature, which enhance a
better quality of lifestyle.
Ruins of Tenochtitlán lie in the center of
Mexico City.
(Source from Shutterstock)
Illustration shows the floating garden on an artificial land on the lake.
(Sources from Google)

my future city
The city was connected to the mainland by causeways leading north,
south, and west of the city. These causeways were interrupted by
bridges that allowed canoes and other vehicle to pass freely. If
necessary, the bridges could be pulled away to defend the city. The
city was interlaced with series of canals, so that all section of the
city could be visited either via canoe or on foot.
Must have a customs for
safety concern. For example,
people must register and
leave their personal
information before they
come into the city.
Different type of passage
should be considered so that
various type of vehicle can
travel and pass into the city.
The city plan was based on a symmetrical layout that was divided
into four main sections known as “campan”, each Campan were
represented by different area. The Campan was further divided into
20 districts called “Calpullis”, “Nahuatl”, and “Calpolli”. Each
Calpulli(plural) was crossed by streets or Tlaxcalli. There were also
three main streets that crossed within the city and eventually
leading to the three causeways to the mainland. It is also reported
that these Tlaxcalli were wide enough for ten horses.
Campan Meaning of the Campan
Cuepopan
Place where the flower
bloomed
Moyotla Place of mosquitoes
Atzacoalco Place of heron
Teopan Place of the Gods
Good city planning, which
divided the city into business
area, residential area,
industrial area and so on.
Have a good traffic and
transportation arrangement
and infrastructure. A good
road management allows
the convenience for
residents to travel within
city in a shortest period of
time.

3.5 :- Conclusion of Tenochtitlán City
Tenochtitlán City is a very interesting and mysterious city to be discovered. Its complex
structure, method of building an artificial land is seemed impossible for the technology and
knowledge at that time. What fascinating me is the artificial land they built on a lake and
until today the mystery still unsolved due to the destruction of the city. I t is a great loss and
sympathy to found out that this once prosper and blessed land was destroyed and ruined
by the war. War is cruel, it only bring destruction and despair to the world.
Illustration showing part of Tenochtitlán City in ancient time.
The ruined Tenochtitlán City today.

Investigation & Data Collection:
4. Present City – Melbourne, Australia ( The Central City)
4.1 :- Brief History of Melbourne, Australia
The entire city of Melbourne in Australia covers 7694 sq km and has a population of about
4.1 million of residents. Melbourne is not only Victoria’s capital city but also the business,
administrative, cultural and recreational hub of the state. Melbourne is famous with its 471
hectares of parkland, Eureka Tower , the Mitre Tavern and so on.
Melbourne can be considered as the youngest among all of the cities. Melbourne grew
from a tiny speculative pastoral outpost in the 1850s into a world city within only 30
years.This city reaches around 1 million people by just a turn of century. Much of this
growth phenomenal was due to the gold rush, which is a huge influx of migrants that bring
instant wealth and prosperity to the city. The tittle, “Marvelous Melbourne” was given in
the 1880’s and boasted a city that could rivaled the great cities of Europe and North
America. This city hosted the 1880 World’s Fair in the Royal Exhibition Building, which also
hosted the first parliament and still stands in the magnificent Carlton Gardens. The city was,
until Canberra was built in the late 1920s, form 1901 the federal capital of Australia.
Melbourne still remains the financial, sporting and cultural capital of the nation although
Sydney eventually grew larger and advance.
The overview of Melbourne, Australia
(Source from Google)

4.2 :- Melbourne in a Sustainable Journey
The City of Melbourne has been working to be the world top most sustainable city for more
than fifteen years. By having a clear mind and understanding that a successful future
depends on understanding the risk that climate change poses, reducing their impact and to
become more resilient towards the harsh climates.
As part of this effort, their goal is to be a carbon neutral city by the year 2020. To
achieve a good sustainable city , the government and the residents has come with different
programs and initiatives such as:
1) Council Actions
 Built a second Council House with Australia’s first 6 Star Green Star new office design.
The second Council House pioneer the way in environmentally sustainable design,
creating a model for similar buildings on future projects.
 Upgrading several of council buildings by installing efficient heating, cooling and water
systems. By using this new system, the amount of energy needed to light the town hall
will be halved.
 The Melbourne Town Hall are delivering a new waste solutions by producing organic
matter for use in their parks and gardens.
 Supporting the city’s vibrant hospitality precincts by install similar technology.
The Council House 2 (CH2) in Melbourne and its technology.

2) Tree plan
 Implement Urban Forest Strategy(UFS) in the city. UFS is
the tree plan for the future which can adapting to the
changing climate.
 Double the city’s canopy cover by 2040
 Planting diverse tree species to create a healthier and
cooler landscape.
3) New technologies
 Trailing cool roofs, green roofs, walls and facades.
 Providing technical guidelines to property owners.
 Solar panels installed at Queen Victoria Market to demonstrate local clean energy
generation.
Green Roof in Fitzroy Garden
(Source from Google)
Solar Panel at Queen Victoria Market

4) Green transport
 Providing an extensive network of bike lanes on Swanston Street, the city’s main
street.
 Encourage walking and the use of public transportation in daily life.
5) Water management
 Building water tanks and stormwater
harvesting systems. In Darling Street, East
Melbourne, we have installed a world-first
in-road stormwater harvest scheme.
 Encouraging recycled water technologies in
the city’s major buildings.
 Implementing “Total Watermark – City as a
Catchment update 2014” as plan for
integrated water cycle management for the
next four years.
6) Sustainable communities and precincts
 Training residents in the Carlton housing redevelopment and broader community to
reduce water, energy and waste.
 Encouraging green commercial buildings to dominate the landscape in Docklands.
 Ensure the communities have open spaces, sustainable food and services.
Bike Lanes on Swanston Street
Stormwater harvesting system in Darling
Street

4.3 :- Issues In Melbourne
Alongside with the blooming growth of Melbourne City, the city also encounters a
few issues and problems such as:
 Aging of the populations in the city
 Air quality deteriorates due to air pollution from the dust particles and the usage of
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) that thins the ozone layer.
 Animal and plant species threatened in the development of Melbourne.
 Increasing energy cost due to political factor, natural disaster ,peak oil demand, and even
social event restricting supply.
 Growing private vehicle usage rather than public transportation due to convenience.
 Global warming
4.4 :- Significance of Melbourne
Melbourne city is significant mostly due to its consistent “Go-Green” strategy
planning in the city. By having goal to achieve a carbon neutral city by the year 2020,
many effective developments have been done by the authority. Being a great city
which promotes green factors and environments, Melbourne City has voted to be the
most livable city in year 2012. Besides, Melbourne is important to serve as capital of
Victoria and is the gathering place for the people. Furthermore, the planning of land
in Melbourne City is filled with artistic elements in their buildings. For example, the
Melbourne Tower is specially designed outlook skyscraper which is a residential and
commercial building where people can enjoy the whole view of Melbourne in the top
floor.
4.5 :- Information and element I got from Melbourne City
It’s “Go-green Strategy” can be adapted and apply on my future city. Its carefully
planned layout is also indeed a great information for my new city.

Investigation & Data Collection:
5. Future City – Noah’s Ark (Sustaining Floating City)
5.1 :- Introduction to Noah’s Ark
This floating city is an innovative concept designed to function as a modern day Noah's Ark.
The self-sustaining city was developed by Serbia-based Aleksandar Joksimovic and Jelena
Nikolic as a means to support life—from humans and animals to fish, plants, and trees—in
the case of an extreme natural disaster. Their innovative water world would support life on
terraced fields, grow food, collect rainwater, generate its own power and is engineered to
withstand all forms of water-based disasters.
The proposal extends urban living out, beyond land, and onto the watery surfaces of
the world. The idea is just part of a network of islands that could connect underwater via
Illustration on Noah’s Ark Floating City.
(Source from Mymodernmet.com)

tunnel so that communities could grow and expand over time without the need to be
bound to land.
Noah's Ark would be anchored by flexible cables connected to the ocean floor and
protected around the edges by a wall standing more than 200-feet tall. The land would
provide residential, commercial, and recreational spaces for residents in the unconventional
island powered by solar, wind, and wave energy. This inventive concept is just one of many
ideas of how future generations could choose to live.
Plan layout of Noah’s Ark
Cross Section of Noah’s Ark

5.2 :- The Structure of Noah’s Ark
5.3 :- Things I learnt from Noah’s Ark
my future city
Overcrowding situation on land in the future can be solved by
Noah’s Ark. As ¾ of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, it is
useful and wise to do the extension of the urban city grid onto the
water.
Extension can be added in
my new city for specific
purpose.
During emergencies such as natural disaster, residents can retreat
into bubbles inside the depths of the islands for protection.
Provide emergency escape
pod or route for the
residents.
An 64 meters tall external walls and a large number of flexible
cables connects the island with the sea’s bottom to provide stability.
The future city must be safe
and stable so that it is safe
to live in.
Noah’s Ark is a self-sustainable city on the water which uses solar,
wind, and wave energy which are easily available on the sea, all
these renewable energy was used to generate the power needed for
the residents.
Using renewable energy.
Escape pod during
emergencies

5.4 :- Floating City in China
Similar to the same concept idea, the ‘Floating City’ in China proposed by AT Design Office
combat the effects of urbanization on land by staging networks. This ocean metropolis plan
comprises a four-square-mile floating island that could house a neighborhood offshore. It is
mostly made from prefabricated hexagonal module. This Floating City would be self-
sustaining and provide a comfortable alternative to overcrowding on the mainland as
well. The island would also include vertical farms and fish hatcheries to produce its own
food, as well as trash facilities to sustainably dispose of their own waste. AT Design also
notes that the island will be zero-carbon and energy efficient.
Renewable Energy used in Noah’s Ark.
(Source from inhabitats.com)

Better Livable Town
6. My New Town – The Sky Pillar ( A town that dance
with the sky)
6.1 :- The Sky Pillar Town
The sky pillar town is a whole new town proposed by Chin Khang Wei, a mayor of
Ipoh in year 2014. This new town is to provide a new place to live for the residents in
City of Ipoh. The sky pillar town is a futuristic on-air eco-town which is planned
properly but mainly based on the green facts. Interestingly, although of its name “on-
air”, it does not meant to be floating and suspended on the air, in fact it is a
wonderful town built on the mountain.
Why is the town on-air?
In science fiction, floating cities are settlements that strictly use buoyancy to remain in the
atmosphere and the term generally refers to any town that is flying, hovering, or otherwise
suspended in the atmosphere. However, with the current technology, it is quite impossible
and fanatic to be able to float such a big mass of land out in the air. The sky pillar town uses
the concept to build on the apex or the waist of the mountain to support the ‘floating’ town
by using mountain.
There are several reasons on why the town is better designed to be built on-air. First
of all, according to the prediction, the lands on Earth will no more enough space for people
to live by the year 2100. Hence, an alternative way is to build another land in the air.
Theoritically, the higher the place, the cleaner the air will be. A cleaner air is necessary for
the people as the air pollution nowadays is getting more severe. The air above the land also
contains fewer germs and bacteria compare the air in the warmth land. Apart from that, we
can have the cleanest water source which can only obtained on the air from the cloud.
Furthermore, the city suspended on the air is protected from major natural disaster such as
Tsunami, floods and Earthquake. In the environmental friendly way, this floating city
constantly get cold breeze from all directions, this aid in natural air convection in the town
and hence the usage of air conditioner and fan will be reduced.

Why is the town built on the mountain?
It is possible to have a floating and suspended land without any support in our daily
life. By using the principle of buoyancy and gravity, everything including a huge mass
of land can float in the air, however it is
impossible to practice this theory in the
Earth due to its high gravity and less dense
of air. As proposed by Geoffrey A. Landis,
the easiest planet (other than Earth) to
place floating cities at this point would
appear to be Venus. Since the project of
the new town should be proposed on one
of the cities in Malaysia, there is no point
taking into consideration on the other
planet to build a town.
There is also another way to build a floating
city by using the principle of magnetic force. As
we all know, magnet with the same pole repel
to each other. By using this simple principle, we
can make an object “float” on the air. However
to make a big piece of land to float by using this
principle, we must use a giant devices or
magnet which produce great enough of
magnetic forces to hold and maintain the land
on the air. This cannot be done with current
technologies and knowledge we have for now.
The greatest mass we can implement by using
this principle is only able to lift up a train in
Taipei’s bullet train. Furthermore, even if there
is devices that can create such huge magnetic
force to hold the land, its magnetic force will be
great enough to affect the living thing such as their navigation ability around the field
and as well impact the people who live on the city with such a great magnetic force.
A proposed layout of the floating city in Venus.
Magnetic floating system used in a bullet train.

Another alternative way to build a floating town is
to build it on a thermal ship or flying aircraft.
However it does mean to use a lot of energy such
as fuel and nuclear to give combustion to keep
these ship floating. By producing more energy,
more carbon emission will be to pollute the
environment. Apart from that, the town lies on a
thermal ship or flying aircraft is dangerous as the
whole life of the residents depends on the
propellant of these flying ships. If in case of
emergency situation such as propellant malfunction or under attack by enemies, the
whole flying ships will sunk on to the ground with the life of all the residents.
Last but not least, the ultimate way to build a floating town is to directly build on the
mountain. The mountain chosen of course have to be an extinct volcano. An extinct
volcano has ceased and deemed unable to erupt anymore. Building a town on the
mountain, we can easily access down to the land from the floating city. This method
also gives a firm and strong fundamental to the floating city. Besides, the town in
mountain ensure the continuous supply of natural resources in the future.
Why is the town settled in Ipoh?
Ipoh is a peaceful city which is still undergoing development in Malaysia. Ipoh serves
as the capital of Perak state and often the main spot for all the economic activities
there. Hence, Ipoh has a high potential of economic potential in a long term run.
Another wonderful point of Ipoh, Perak is this city is surrounded by big and small
mountains. Furthermore, Ipoh has a great amount of natural resources and has
enough empty spaces for the new town. Hence, Ipoh serves as a great spot to build
the floating city – The Sky Pillar.
A thermal ship on the air

Illustration of the city build on mountain.

6.2 :- Structure of the Sky Pillar Town
The land of Sky Pillar Town is a combination of many smaller hexagonal-shaped disk. These
hexoganal disk are made in such a way so that the land can easily extended by combining
and assembling more of these hexagonal disk for future use. Besides, by assembling many
smaller disk into a large land, it is more flexible to absorb the pressure either outside or
inside the city.
The city is designed with 70% of the buildings are not taller than 8 stories. This is due to
certain reason, which is:
 Taller building gives mental pressure to
people indirectly.
 Medium-sized storey building encourages
people to walk on the staircase instead of
using elevator which creates a healthier
lifestyle.
 Save time and energy to reach their desired
destination.
 Decrease the pressure of the hexagonal disk
land as taller building requires deeper
foundation.
 Reduce sun reflection into the street and hence reduce greenhouse effect of the city.
A main land form by these smaller hexagonal disks that is flexible and easily assemble.

The residential areas apply the ” Earth House
Concept ”. Earth House Concept is the
combination of concrete wall with ‘easily take
care’ grass wall. This means the whole house is
covered by these grasses which won’t cause much
trouble to maintain. This of course includes the
green roof idea in Melbourne, Australia. These
Earth House boost the oxygen on the city and at
the same time give a resting view for the eyes.
The main energy use in ‘The Sky Pillar’ is nuclear energy. The nuclear energy we apply here
is not the convection nuclear fission the world currently using now. ‘The Sky Pillar’ uses
nuclear fusion as their fuel to generate energy. In physics, nuclear fission become more
unstable overtime and make itself dangerous, unlike our nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion is
very safe as the unstable neutron stabilizes itself
overtime to produce great amount of energy. This
theory can be proving by the reaction of the sun.
However, the nuclear fusion energy still requires
some time for us to apply with our current
technology and knowledge. Nuclear energy by
right is the most clean, and easily maintenance
source of energy compare to the others. Nuclear
fusion energy also at the same time did not
pollute the environment.

In waste handling, the sewages will
steer by canals and ducts to the
sewer service in the main tank and
after that will send to conveyance
tanks. These conveyance tanks will
directly process and cleaned on
the city itself without transporting
them onto the ground below the
city.
All rubbish and trashes will collect two times
during twenty four hours from every single part
of the city by special trunks. The rubbish
collected is further divided into recyclable and
non-recyclable waste by the drones. The non-
recyclable rubbish will then sent down to the
ground to bury via a connected special tunnel.
While the recyclable rubbish will also processed
and recycle by the factories on the city.
As a self-sustainable city, we did not depend the ground for
crop yields. A skyscraper farming will be built on the city itself
Since it is impossible to plant yields and crops on the limited
space and land on the floating city, the only way to overcome it
is by using vertical farming. Each skyscraper farming has 20
storey tall and every storey is grow with different type of plants
and food for the residents. These skyscraper farming is using
the organic and uv-ray method to grow in the incubator.
A rubbish handling drone

7. Conclusion
I have truly learnt a lot about building a city in this project, from doing researches
from the book and internet until the brainstorming of my very own city. There are
many things to consider while building a city, not just doing it as you wanted to do so.
I realized many things in our daily life which is such normal and easy to get is actually
a giant structure that carefully built in underground such as the water supply system,
sewage treatments and many more. A good city is not just about its appearance but
also its sustainably livability, how they encourage interaction and much more
different aspect.
As a resident and a citizen, we should always keep our city clean and protect
out city. “Rome is not built in one day”, we should keep in my mind that every town
is the hard work of every constructor, designer, planner, engineer and government.
To produce a great living place for everyone to live together harmonically, we should
together protect and enhance the place we are living in.

8. Reference Lists
 http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/Sustainability/Pages/Overview.aspx
 http://www.livescience.com/34660-tenochtitlan.html
 http://inhabitat.com/noahs-ark-is-a-sustainable-floating-city-for-a-post-
apocalyptic-world/noahs-ark-evolo-competition-5/?extend=1
 http://inhabitat.com/extraordinary-floating-city-offers-a-self-sustaining-
solution-to-overcrowding-in-china/atdesign-office-floatingcity1/?extend=1
 http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/city
 http://fnbe0413phuajingsern.blogspot.com/2013/07/enbe-final-project-
rhapsody-future-city.html
 http://www.slideshare.net/lucaschinsheng/enbe-final-project-report-efkairia
 http://www.slideshare.net/parham_fa/enbe-24299510
 http://fnbe0413cheahteckwei.blogspot.com/2013/07/enbe-final-project-x-
city.html
 COE,MICHAEL D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. New York,
New York: Thames & Hudson.
 COHEN, SARA E. (March 1972). "How the Aztecs Appraised Montezuma".
Society for History Education: The History Teacher 5 (3): 21–30.
 Levinson, David (1947). Ethnic groups worldwide: a ready reference handbook.
Oryx Publishers. ISBN 978-1-57356-019-1.

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