these are some of the alternative sources of energy

1. Alternative Sources of
Energy
By: JP Lester B. Delarmente
The Continuation

2. Hydropower
• Hydropower is electricity generated using the
energy of moving water. Rain or melted snow,
usually originating in hills and mountains,
create streams and rivers that eventually run
to the ocean.
• Ancient Greeks have used water wheels to
grind wheat into flour.
Image source: http://peakwater.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/hydropower1.jpg

3. Hydropower
• First hydroelectric power plant was built at
Niagara Falls in 1879.
• Hydroelectric power provides almost one-fifth
of the world's electricity.
• Hydropower is the cheapest way to generate
electricity today.

4. Types of Hydropower
1. Impoundment - An impoundment facility,
typically a large hydropower system, uses a
dam to store river water in a reservoir. The
water may be released either to meet
changing electricity needs or to maintain a
constant reservoir level.

5. Types of Hydropower
2. Diversion - sometimes called run-of-river, facility
channels a portion of a river through a canal or
penstock. It may not require the use of a dam.
3. Pumped Storage - When the demand for
electricity is low, a pumped storage facility
stores energy by pumping water from a lower
reservoir to an upper reservoir. During periods
of high electrical demand, the water is released
back to the lower reservoir to generate
electricity.

6. Tidal Power
• It is a form of hydropower that converts
energy of the tides into electricity or
other useful forms of matter.
• Tidal energy is therefore an entirely
predictable form of renewable energy,
which can be harnessed in two forms:
Image source: http://www.pfr.co.uk/image-library/PfR-Main-
Site/iStock_000003310838XSmall.jpg

7. Tidal Range
• It is the vertical difference in height between
the high tide and the succeeding low tide.
• Artificial tidal barrages or lagoons may be
constructed to capture the tide.
Image source: http://www.merseyreporter.com/cms-photos/tide-range-1.png
The Rance Tidal Power Station in
France.
Image source: http://physics.ucsd.edu/do-the-
math/wp-
content/uploads/2011/12/Barrage_de_la_Rance.jpg

8. Tidal Stream
• Tidal Stream is the flow of water as the tide
ebbs and floods, and manifests itself as tidal
current.
• Tidal Stream devices seek to extract energy
from this kinetic movement of water, much as
wind turbines extract energy from the
movement of air.
Image source: http://www.emerald-energy.co.uk/wp-
content/uploads/2012/03/Hydrodynamic.jpg

9. Wind power
• It is the process by which the wind is used to
generate electricity or mechanical power.
• Wind is the movement of air from an area of
high pressure to an area of low pressure.
• Farmers once used windmills to grind their
grains and pump water.
• Today, more and more people are using wind
turbines to wring electricity from the breeze.
Image source: http://conserve-energy-
future.com/Images/WindEnergy_Disadvantages.jpg

10. Wind powerWind power
• Wind energy production is growing rapidly
because construction of wind generators is
cheaper than building new fossil fuel-fired
power plants.
• Worldwide, wind is the fastest growing energy
source and many countries are rapidly
investing in new wind farms.

11. Kinds of Wind Turbines
Vertical Axis
Wind
Turbines
Horizontal
Axis Wind
Turbines

12. Kinds Of Wind Turbines
1. Vertical Axis Wind Turbines – turbines look
like a giant egg beater to harness wind
energy.
2. Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines – turbines look
like giant propellers of a plane. It is the most
commonly used turbines.

13. Biomass Energy
• The term "biomass" refers to organic matter that
has stored energy through the process of
photosynthesis.
• It exists in one form as plants and may be
transferred through the food chain to animals'
bodies and their wastes, all of which can be
converted for everyday human use through
processes such as combustion, which releases the
carbon dioxide stored in the plant material.
Image source: http://wastetoenergysystems.com/wp-
content/uploads/2015/05/Biomass_Main.jpg

14. • Biomass has become one of the most
commonly used renewable sources of energy
in the last two decades, second only to
hydropower in the generation of electricity.
Biomass Energy

15. Advantages of Renewable Energy
1. Renewable energy is, well, renewable.
2. Environmental Benefits
3. Reliable energy resource
4. Economic benefits
5. Stabilize energy prices

16. Disadvantages of Renewable Energy
1. Reliability of Supply
2. Difficult to Generate in Large Quantity
3. Large Capital Cost
4. Large Tracts of Land is Required

17. Question
 What is the fastest growing energy
source in the 21st century?

18. Question
 What is the most abundant renewable
energy resource?

19. Question
 Where was the first hydroelectric
power built?

20. Summary: Renewables
 What is he purpose of having these
renewable energy resources?
 What do you think is the quickest and
the most effective way to decrease
energy consumption and to prolong
the availability of fossil fuels?

21. References:
 http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/glo
bal-warming/hydropower-profile/
 http://www.tidalenergyltd.com/?page_id=1370
 http://www.altenergy.org/renewables/wind/#
 http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environme
nt/global-warming/wind-power-profile/
 http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/advantages-
and-disadvantages-of-renewable-energy.php
 http://www.altenergy.org/renewables/biomass.html