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Renewable Energy Sources
- 1. NONRENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES Presented By: PRATISH RAWAT AssistantProfessor Department of Mechanical Engineering Poornima University, Jaipur pratish.rawat@poornima.edu.in
- 2. NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES A nonrenewable resourceis a natural resource that cannot be re-made or re- grown at a scale comparable to its consumption.
- 3. COAL, PETROLEUM, ANDGAS Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are considered nonrenewable because they can not be replenished in a short period of time. These are called fossil fuels.
- 4. HOW IS COALMADE ???
- 5. HOW ARE OILAND GAS MADE ???
- 6. RENEWABLE RESOURCES Renewable resourcesare natural resources that can be replenished in a short period of time. ● Solar Geothermal● ● Wind Biomass● ● Water
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- 8. SOLAR Energy from the sun. Whyis energy from the sun renewable?
- 9. Application of SolarEnergy • Solar Photovoltaic – Grid Connected Solar PV – Stand Alone Solar PV – Solar Street Lights – Solar Pumps • Solar Thermal – Solar Water Heaters – Solar Air Heaters – Solar Cookers – Solar Distillation
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- 13. Solar Thermal Applications SolarWater Heating Solar Air Heating
- 14. Advantages and Disadvantages •Advantages – Clean – Inexhaustible – Abundantly • Disadvantages – Dilute form of energy – Not Steadily and Continuous
- 15. GEOTHERMAL Energy from Earth’s heat. Whyis energy from the heat of the Earth renewable?
- 16. Use heat tomake steam to turn turbine for electrical generation Note: deep hot waters are corrosive so best to inject clean water in a closed system and bring it back to the surface as steam. Geothermal Energy
- 17. Geothermal Fields inIndia • Himalayas • Sohana • West Coast • Cambay • Son-Narmada-Tapi • Godavari • Mahanadi – The power generation at these site has been estimated as about 10000MW.
- 18. Advantages and Disadvantages •Advantages – Versatile – Least polluting – Relatively Inexpensive – Power generation level is higher • Disadvantages – Hazardous gases cause air pollution – Noise pollution from drilling – Overall efficiency is low(15%)
- 19. Tidal Power 1. Inareas of large tides 2. Anywhere – build offshore dam
- 20. Tidal power anywhere 1.No dam – but a turbine. 2. No pollution 3. Highly efficient (80%) 4. Reliable source of energy Problems: 1. Corrosion 2. Navigation 3. Appearance 4. Amount of energy available is low 5. Best tides are near poles – away from people.
- 21. What is OTEC? •Manifestation of solar energy • Top layers of ocean receive solar heating • Bottom layers receive water from polar regions • Natural temperature gradient • Use in Thermodynamic cycle – Generate electricity
- 23. Potential in India •Estimated overall potential – 180000 MW • 2.56 million sq.km EEZ • Ongoing projects: The 1 MW barge research and demonstration facility being developed by the National Institute of Ocean Technology, India (NIOT) with technical support from Institute of Ocean Energy, Saga University (IOES) • Identified sites: – Kavaratti – Kulasekarapattinam – Andaman & Nicobar Islands
- 24. OTEC resource inIndia
- 25. 210kW OTEC ExperimentalPlant in Hawaii OTECR&D
- 26. •Advantages •OTEC is technicallyfeasible and economically favorable • Mature technology • Benefits ecology • More plants of capacity similar to experimental plants can be constructed •Disadvantages •More expensive •Technology is young and need more research •Sites are far from nation and population centers
- 27. WIND Energy from thewind. Why is energy from the wind renewable?
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- 29. Wind energy problems •Location – near population center • Bird migration – • Visual • Must be coupled with other sources of electricity (intermittent supply)
- 30. BIOMASS Energy from burning organic orliving matter. Why is energy from biomass renewable?
- 31. Usable form ofBiomass • Fuel Wood • Charcoal • Fuel Pellets and briquettes • Bio-diesel • Bio-ethanol • Biogas • Producer gas
- 32. Advantages and Disadvantages •Advantages • Energy Storage is an in-built feature • Require less capital • Emission is less compared to fossile fuels • Commercial use reduces problem of waste disposal • Disadvantages • Dispersed and land intensive source • Low energy density • Labour intensive • Not feasible to set up at all locations
- 33. WATER or HYDROELECTRIC Energyfrom the flow of water. Why is energy of flowing water renewable?
- 34. Problems with hydroelectric •Location = unused rivers are in extreme north or low population areas • Competition with recreational uses and environmental concerns • Hard to build dams in populated river valleys • Siltation of dams – limited life.
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